Unit 1 Nutrition (Food is more than something to Eat)

Organic nutrients include:

Lipids, vitamins, carbohydrates.

Match the nutrient in the left column with its function in the right column. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Water

- Major role is to provide energy - Necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins - Cellular development, growth, and maintenance. - Temperature regulation

Match the phytochemical with its possible health benefit. Alpha-carotene Caffeine Quercetin Saponins

- Reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration. - Stimulant effects - Antioxidant effects, may inhibit cancer growth - May kill certain microbes.

Match the phytochemicals to their food sources. Isoflavonoids Reservatrol Caffeine Beta carotene

- Soybeans & legumes - Red wine, purple grapes & grape juice. - Tea, coffee, and cocoa. - Orange, red, and yellow fruits and vegetables.

There are ____________ centimeters in a meter

100

How many kilocalories are provided from a food containing 4 grams of protein?

16

Match the kcalorie cost for each of the nutrients in the following food: 10 grams carbohydrate 5 grams fat 4 grams protein

40 kcal 45 kcal 16 kcal

What is the kilocalorie difference between one gram of fat and one gram of carbohydrate?

5kcal (One gram of fat contains 9kcal and one gram of carbohydrate contains 4kcal, a difference of 5kcal.

Obtaining adequate amounts of nutrients while balancing calorie intake with expenditure is called?

Balance

A ________ is the smallest living functional unit in an organism.

Cell

When we want to make changes to the way we usually eat, we will change our ____________.

Diet

Risk factors that contribute to health problems include

Family history, environment & age.

Both carbohydrates and proteins supply the body with _________ kcalories per gram

Four

Phytochemicals are found in __________ and provide significant health benefits.

Fruits and vegetables.

The disease that is the leading cause of death in the US is _________ disease.

Heart

Which of the following statements are true?

Humans have no internal drive that motivates us to choose a healthy diet. To eat well, we need to learn the effects nutrition has on our health.

Heart disease

Leading cause of death in US

A person's way of living is called their _____________.

Lifestyle

Which factors listed below are most likely to influence food choices?

Peers, religious beliefs, and mood.

Malnutrition occurs when:

People consume nutritionally poor diets. The body is improperly nourished.

Examples of non nutrients include:

Phytochemicals, caffeine, and alcohol.

Which of the following foods would be considered a provider of empty calories?

Pound cake, Sugar-sweetened soft drinks, and alcohol. (doughnut)

Vitamins

Regulation of body processes, including cell metabolism.

Water

Regulation of body temperature.

Minerals

Regulation of fluid balance.

How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?

Seven

Which of the following are examples of life - threatening and chronic diseases that result from a poor diet?

Stroke, heart disease, and diabetes.

True or false: Most commonly eaten foods contain safe levels of micronutrients.

True (By eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods, you are likely to obtain adequate and safe amounts of each nutrient.

Of all the nutrients, which is considered to be the most essential to support life?

Water

Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or women?

Water

Which of the following are major classes of essential nutrients?

Water, lipids and carbohydrates.

How many kilocalories provided by 10 grams of pure alcohol?

70 kilocalories

Which nutrient provides energy to cells?

Carbohydrates

Populations at risk for malnutrition include those with __________.

Low income, drug or alcohol addictions and eating disorders.

A dietary supplement is a product that contains:

Minerals, amino acids, and vitamins.

What is the kilocalorie content of a food that provides 7 grams fat, 4 grams carbohydrate, and 3 grams protein?

91 kcal (7 grams fat x 9kcal per gram) + (4 grams carbohydrate x 4kcal per gram) + (3 grams protein x 4kcal per gram) = 91 kcal.

What is the state of health when the body is improperly nourished, including under- and over nutrition?

Malnutrition.

Empty-calorie foods are not a good source of vitamins or ___________.

Minerals.

Empty-calorie foods are not a good source of vitamins or _____________.

Minerals.

___________ is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S.

Smoking

_________ is the study of how the body uses nutrients.

Nutrition

Which of the following are micronutrients?

Minerals and vitamins.

Diabetes, stroke and heart disease are chronic diseases caused by:

Poor diet.

Which of the following protects cells and their components from being damaged or destroyed by exposure to certain environmental and internal factors?

Antioxidants.

There is no single nutrient that can cure _________?

Cancer

Which of the following are the top two leading causes of death in the US?

Cancer and heart disease.

The energy value of a food in relation to its weight is called

Energy density

Lipids

Energy source.

A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a __________ nutrient.

Essential nutrient.

Nutrient toxicity may result from ______.

Taking supplements, eating large amounts of foods that are fortified.

Which of the following foods would be considered nutrient dense?

Broccoli and baked potato.

Which of the following lifestyle choices would be effective in increasing your chances of living a long life?

Exercising regularly and consuming fruits & vegetables.

Metabolic reactions are involved in:

Generating energy, eliminating waste products and making proteins.

Most foods contain mixtures of

Nutrients

What occurs when a nutrient is missing from the diet?

A deficiency disease will occur.

True or False: Most foods contain predominantly one nutrient

False, most foods contain a mixture of carbs, fat and protein.

A gram of fat contains ________ kcalories.

Nine

Our body needs _________, food in foods, to function properly.

Nutrients

Life sustaining chemicals found in foods are called ___________.

Nutrients.

If we want to study nutrients and how the body uses them, what course would we take?

Nutrition

Nutrients that have carbon in their chemical structures are called ______ __________

Organic nutrients

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are called macronutrients because?

Our body needs them in large amounts on a daily basis.

Processing treatments that can make foods safer and more convenient to eat include:

Peeling and heating.

prevent cell damage and destruction, which is a factor in reducing risk for heart disease and certain cancers.

Phytochemicals

Which of the following are considered macronutrients?

Proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids (fat).

The most likely time for a nutrient toxicity to become a concern would be when one is?

Taking a supplement.

You can develop health problems by?

Taking high doses of dietary supplements

The most natural and economical way to obtain nutrients and phytochemicals is to base your diet on a _________ of whole foods.

Variety (Best source would be apples onions and oats)