Unit 1: Physics

theory about Earth's density

Archimedes

Three other important developments in mathematics include:

Babylonian multiplication tables the invention of the abacus the creation of geometry by Euclid

You finish an experiment in which you used a measuring spoon, a dry chemical and a beaker filled with water

Clean all equipment and put them away

published the first Periodic Table of Elements in 1869 AD

Dmitri Mendeleev

In a physics lab, you measure a liquid's temperature on two different temperature scales. The two men responsible for the scales are:

Gabriel Fahrenheit Anders Celsius

_____ stressed the importance of experimentation while _____ and Sir Isaac Newton formalized scientific methods.

Galileo Sir Francis Bacon

explored specific gravity

Henry Cavendish

Why is it important to repeat an experiments?

If the scientist obtains the same results many times, the hypothesis is more likely to be correct (and accepted by others)

Your lab partner reaches across a flame and burns her arm

Inform the lab supervisor immediately The supervisor should extinguish the flames while you take the student to the nurse

laws of planetary motion

Johannes Kepler

As a freshman in college, you enter a classroom hall believing it is Physics 101 and sit down. The professor says, "During the course of this semester, you will learn about man's synthetic inventions only." Are you in the right classroom? Why?

No, Physics is about the natural world.

During math class, you find the length of a right triangle's hypotenuse with a theorem created long ago. Who do you have to thank for that theorem?

Pythagoras

verify

Referring to the results of an experiment that may confirm a hypothesis

What 2 ideas have not changed since the times of Galileo and Sir Isaac Newton?

Scientists would have to be scrupulously honest in their work Ideas must be supported by experimentation, not just logic

three laws of motion

Sir Isaac Newton

discovered important laws about gravity and planetary motion

Sir Isaac Newton, who was born in 1642 AD

As discussed before, the 2 main aspects of science are:

The collected facts and explanations about those facts as understood by people and passed down to others. The effort to continue testing to see whether these facts and explanations are correct, and to add to this body of knowledge.

You get salt in your eyes

Use the eyewash station as directed to remove particles in your eyes Inform the lab supervisor immediately

A flask of hot water cracks and the water runs out of the counter and the floor

You should leave the area immediately, let the lab supervisor contain and clean the spill The waste should be disposed of immediately and the floor mopped

The definition for scientific law is ___.

a factual statement that describes an action or a set of actions in precise terms that has always been observed to be true

prefix

a group of letters used at the start of a word to give it meaning

dimension

a measurement such as length, width, or height

angstrom

a metric unit equal to a nanometer, or one ten-billionth of a meter

aspect

a part or appearance that is a way of looking at something

scientific law

a simple, factual, and precise statement that describes an action or set of actions

The definition for hypothesis is ___.

a statement given as a possible explanation for an observation

hypothesis

a statement given as a possible explanation for an observation

gradation

a step or degree

The definition for theory is ___.

a tested idea that seems to explain an observation

corrosive

able to eat away at a material

inquiry

an investigation; an examination to find a solution to a problem

What is the fifth step of the scientific method?

analyze data and draw conclusions

extreme

at the farthest point

Experiments involving magnetism might call for these 3 pieces of lab equipment:

bar magnets magnetic compasses horseshoe magnets

meticulous

being careful about details to an extreme degree

Robert Boyle

born in 1627 AD, he was a pioneer in the field of chemistry

Scientific advancements were also made possible by the invention of ___, a higher math, by Sir Isaac Newton.

calculus

equivalent

equal in size or quantity

What is the fourth step of the scientific method?

experimentation

concise

expressing a thought clearly in a few words

Batteries require no special precautions.

false

The definition of observation in the scientific method is ___.

gaining knowledge through the five senses or by recording data from scientific instruments

iterative

having a cycle; occurring over and over

The definition for iterative is ___.

having a repetitive cycle

The definition for qualitative is:

having to do with the five senses

qualitative

having to do with the five senses

What is the third step of the scientific method?

hypothesis

What is the language of science?

mathematics

The definition for quantitative is ___.

measurable or estimated by quantity

quantitative

measureable or estimated by quantity

The frequent source for numbers in math, associated with science are ___.

measurements

impartial

not partial; just

What is the first step in the use of the scientific method?

observation

Which 3 pieces of the following equipment might be used in the optic experiments carried to develop microlasers?

plane mirrors prisms convex lenses

What is the second step in the use of the scientific method?

problem question

verify

prove as true; confirm

Leonard Digges

reflecting telescope

evacuate

remove persons or things from a place of danger to keep them safe

An important part of science is to ___ or spread the results to the public and other scientists.

report

What is the sixth step of the scientific method?

report

If a group of scientists were experimenting with electricity, they might employ these 3 items:

resistors electroscopes batteries

If a scientist wants to study transverse waves, he or she might use which 2 methods:

ripple tank wave-motion ropes

isolate

set apart from other things; placed alone

scrupulously

strictly regarding what one considers right

Based on your knowledge, what would you say is the definition of experimentation?

testing a hypothesis by means of scientific techniques such as laboratory experiments or surveys

Ockham's Razor is ___.

the idea that the explanation for a phenomenon is the simplest one

Select the 5 parts of the universe that physics involves?

time matter motion energy force

The definition of analyze in the scientific method is ___.

to examine the information collected in an experiment

As used in the scientific method, what is the definition of conclusion?

to make a judgement as to whether or not a hypothesis has been verified

The definition of a conculsion in the scientific method is ___.

to make a judgement as to whether or not a hypothesis has been verified

Motion experiments might require which 4 items:

trajectory apparatus ballistic cars stroboscope friction blocks

It is a good idea to always wear safety goggles in the science lab

true

Physics is the study of all things natural.

true

Some knowledge lies outside the scope of science because certain things cannot be measured

true

You should wrap used razor blades and tape the wrapping shut before disposing of them.

true