Unit 2 material

After the nurse has finished teaching a client about sickle cell anemia, which statement indicates that the client has a correct understanding of the condition? A. " I have abnormal platelets." B. " I have abnormal hemoglobin." C " I have abnormal hematocrit." D " I have abnormal white blood cells."

" I have abnormal hemoglobin." Abnormal hemoglobin causes the red blood cells to stiffen and elongate into a sickle

Which laboratory result is most important for the nurse to communicate to the HCP? A. Blood glucose 98mg/dL B. Hemoglobin 14.1 g/dL C. Potassium 3.0 mEq/L D. White blood cell 9200

A potassium level of 3.0 is indicative of hypokalemia which needs to be quickly communicated to the provider so that potassium supplementation can be started. Normal value is 3.5-5.0

Which electrical activity of the cardiac conduction system is reflected in the P wave? A. Atrial Depolarization B. Atrial repolarization C. Ventricular depolarization D. Ventricular repolarization

Atrial depolarization

When a client with varicose veins has knee length elastic support stockings prescribed, which information would the nurse include in client teaching? A. Pull the stockings on to mid-calf height B. Put the stockings on before getting out of bed C. Wear the stockings at the first sign of discomfort D. Use elastic bandages if the stockings are too tight

B To prevent distention of the veins, the stockings should be applied before the legs are placed in a dependent position.

A nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The physician orders furosemide (lasix) 2 mg/kg to be given intravenously. The client weighs 24 kg. The medication comes in a single-use vial that contains 40 mg in 4 mL (10 mg/mL). How much will the nurse draw up for this client's dose? a) 0.24 mL b) 4.8 mL c) 2.4 mL d) 0.48 mL

B 4.8mL

Which assessment finding of a client with heart failure would prompt the nurse to contact the HCP? A. Restlessness B. Orthopnea C. Pitting edema D. Dry hacking cough E. Productive cough

B, C, D

Which physiological alteration would be expected with a higher than normal red blood cell count? A. Increased blood pH B. Decreased hematocrit C. Increased blood viscocity D. Decreased immune response

B. Increased blood viscosity

An 87-year-old client was just recently diagnosed with prehypertension. She is to meet with a dietitian and return for a follow-up with her cardiologist in 6 months. As her nurse, what would you expect her treatment to include? a) Procedural interventions b) No intervention, just observation c) Nonpharmacological interventions d) Pharmacological interventions

C

An individual with a history of hypertension complains of headache, chest pain, and shortness of breath. What complication does the nurse suspect? A. Atherosclerosis B. Congestive Heart Failure C. Hypertensive Crisis D. Fluid volume overload (hypervolemia)

C. Hypertensive Crisis

A woman who was discharged recently from the hospital after undergoing a hysterectomy calls the clinic and states that she has tenderness, redness, and swelling in her right calf. What should the nurse instruct the client to do? A. Stay in bed for at least 3 days B. Keep the legs elevated while sitting C. Apply a warm compress to the affected calf twice a day D. Go to the ED immediately

D The client's description of her problem is indicative of thrombophlebitis which is a medical emergency because it may precipitate a pulmonary embolism.

A client with a diagnosis of MI asks the nurse " What is causing the pain I am having?" Which explanation would the nurse give? A. Compression of the heart muscle B. Release of myocardial isoenzymes C. Rapid vasodilation of the coronary arteries D. Inadequate oxygenation of the myocardium

D. Cessation of the blood flow that normally carries oxygen to the myocardium results in pain because of ischemia of myocardial tissue

When a client with varicose veins asks the nurse " What can I do to help myself?" how would the nurse respond? A. Limit walking to as little as possible B. Reduce fluid intake to 1 L of liquid a day C. Apply moisturizing lotion on your legs several times a day D. Put on compression hose before getting out of bed in the morning

D. Compression hose provide external pressure, thereby facilitating venous return and minimizing blood pooling in the veins. Because venous return is better at night when the legs are at the same level as the heart, the hose should be put on before getting out of bed in the morning.

Which action would the nurse include in the post-procedure plan of care for a client with peripheral arterial disease wo is schedule for a femoral angiogram? A. Elevate the foot of the bed B. Place in the high Fowler position C. Perform urinary catheter care every 12 hours D. Check pedal pulses every 15 minutes post procedure

D. Check pedal pulses Because of the risk for bleeding or obstruction of femoral artery flow after femoral angiograms, pedal pulses are checked every 15 minutes for the first hour post-procedure

When calculating a client's heart rate on an ECG strip, which action would the nurse take? A. Count the P waves B. Count the T waves C. Count the PR interval D. Count the QRS complexes

D. Count the QRS complexes These represent ventricular depolarization

A client, newly prescribed a low-sodium diet due to hypertension, is asking for help with meal choices. The client provides four meal choices, which are favorites. Which selection would be best? a) Hot dog with ketchup and relish on whole wheat bun b) Green pepper stuffed with diced tomatoes and chicken c) Creamed chipped beef over toast with mashed potatoes d) Toasted cheese sandwich on whole wheat toast with tomato soup

Green pepper stuffed with diced tomatoes and chicken Fresh vegetables are low in sodium with diced tomatoes (fresh) and chicken is a good low-sodium, high vegetable and protein selection. Cheese and soup (tomato and creamed) are high in sodium. Processed meats such as a hot dog and condiments such as ketchup are high in sodium.

When the nurse is analyzing the ECG, which waveform represents atrial depolarization?

P wave

You are part of a group of nursing students who are making a presentation on chronic hypertension. What is one subject you would need to include in your presentation as a possible consequence of untreated chronic hypertension? a) Right-sided heart failure b) Stroke c) Pulmonary insufficiency d) Peripheral edema

Stroke A stroke occurs if vessels in the brain rupture and bleed. If an aneurysm has developed in the aorta from chronic hypertension, it may burst and cause hemorrhage and shock. Options A, B, and D are not usually consequences of untreated chronic hypertension.

Which electrical activity of the cardiac conduction system is reflected in the QRS wave? There's two answers A. Atrial Depolarization B. Atrial repolarization C. Ventricular depolarization D. Ventricular repolarization

Ventricular Depolarization and Atrial repolarization. The QRS complex obscures visualization of atrial repolarization.

A build up of plaque on the arterial walls is called ____________

atherosclerosis