Unit 3 and 4 Ap Classroom Progress Check MCQ Questions Ap World
The relationship between levels of military personnel and state revenues as shown in the table is best understood in the context of which of the following global developments in the period 1450-1750 ? A As military forces expanded and became more professionalized, states were forced to develop new ways to generate revenue. B As agricultural technology became more advanced, less people were needed to farm and more people were able to be enrolled in state militaries. C As commercial profits and urbanization increased, states were able to obtain more revenue. D As states expanded their territories, they were able to acquire access to more natural resources.
A As military forces expanded and became more professionalized, states were forced to develop new ways to generate revenue.
The type of weaponry used in the siege, as described in the passage, could also help to explain the expansion of all of the following states in the period 1450-1750 EXCEPT the A Aztec (Mexica) Empire B Safavid Empire C Mughal Empire D Qing dynasty
A Aztec (Mexica) Empire
All of the following statements are factually accurate. Which might best be used to undermine or modify the author's argument in the second paragraph? A Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire faced considerable restrictions on their religious practices, legal rights, and social freedoms. B Christian and Jewish communities in many other Muslim states in the period circa 1450-1750 enjoyed some of the same rights as Ottoman Christians and Jews did. C The Ottoman Empire was a preferred destination for Jews fleeing religious persecution in Europe, as well as for Protestant Christian groups fleeing Catholic persecution in Central and Eastern Europe. D Many Ottoman Christians and Jews achieved great financial success through commercial activities, including long-distance trade.
A Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire faced considerable restrictions on their religious practices, legal rights, and social freedoms.
Which of the following developments can be most directly attributed to Portuguese and Spanish state sponsorship of maritime exploration in the late fifteenth century? A Improvements in European geographic knowledge of Africa and the Indian Ocean B Improvements in Europeans' ability to prevent the spread of infectious diseases C Religious divisions in Europe related to the Protestant Reformation D The development of theories of natural rights and representative government
A Improvements in European geographic knowledge of Africa and the Indian Ocean
The contents of the letter are best understood in the context of which of the following aspects of the historical situation in sub-Saharan Africa in the early 1600s? A Political, religious, and economic rivalries shaped European colonial policies in Africa. B State centralization in Europe led to a change from joint-stock company control to direct imperial control in many colonial territories. C The arrival of Europeans led to the conquest and destruction of many native African states. D Religious conflicts stemming from the spread of Islam from North Africa made sub-Saharan African states vulnerable to European conquest.
A Political, religious, and economic rivalries shaped European colonial policies in Africa.
Which of the following aspects of the international situation in early sixteenth-century southwest Asia is most relevant to understanding Sultan Selim's letter? A The Ottoman and Safavid empires fought numerous wars for control over Iraq, Syria, and other regions of the Middle East. B Both the Ottoman and Safavid empires developed extensive trade connections with European states and states in the Indian Ocean region. C Both the Ottoman and Safavid empires made use of gunpowder weapons in the course of their territorial expansion. D The Ottoman and Safavid empires brought a high degree of centralization to parts of southwest Asia that had been politically fragmented before.
A The Ottoman and Safavid empires fought numerous wars for control over Iraq, Syria, and other regions of the Middle East.
Which of the following would a historian most likely cite as evidence in support of the author's argument in the second paragraph of the passage? A The Ottoman millet system, an arrangement designed to utilize the economic contributions of non-Muslim groups within the empire while granting them limited autonomy to organize their communal affairs under their own religious leaders B The Ottoman practice of devshirme, a military levy of Christian boys who would be converted to Islam and trained as Ottoman Janissary soldiers or bureaucrats in state service C The Ottoman practice of farming out the collection of taxes to local private individuals (some of them non-Muslim), because of the shortage of trained government financial officials D The Ottoman sultans' continued powers of granting final approval for any high-ranking appointment of a non-Muslim religious leader, including the power to approve patriarchs and bishops of the various Christian communities and chief rabbis of the Jewish community
A The Ottoman millet system, an arrangement designed to utilize the economic contributions of non-Muslim groups within the empire while granting them limited autonomy to organize their communal affairs under their own religious leaders
Which of the following best describes the author's argument in the first paragraph? A The demographic makeup of Barbadian society and the structure of its economy make existing punishments for enslaved people justified. B Barbadian enslaved people are punished more leniently than those working on the larger plantations of French Caribbean islands. C Plantation owners who punish enslaved people too harshly are not fulfilling their duties as Christians to treat the less fortunate kindly. D The punishments of enslaved people in Barbados are the result of a long experience of deadly uprisings and anti-planter violence on the island.
A The demographic makeup of Barbadian society and the structure of its economy make existing punishments for enslaved people justified.
The privileges discussed in the passage best demonstrate that in some instances in the period 1450-1750 A internal challenges to state power could lead to the establishment of new state-like structures within existing states B states implemented policies seeking to restrict the role of certain minority groups in economic and social life C monarchs had to resort to deploying standing armies to crush regional revolts by hereditary local elites D states successfully established professional bureaucracies to reduce reliance on mercenaries and tax farming
A internal challenges to state power could lead to the establishment of new state-like structures within existing states
The report's position on the proposed transfer of Luanda to the Dutch is best understood in light of the authors' goal to A secure profits from the rapidly expanding trans-Atlantic slave trade B highlight the gender and family imbalances created by the slave trade C recommend that the company expand its operations to the Indian Ocean and the spice islands of Southeast Asia D offer a comparison between the profitability of East African versus West African slave trade routes
A secure profits from the rapidly expanding trans-Atlantic slave trade
A historian would most likely interpret the rhetoric in the passage as evidence that rulers of imperial states in the period circa 1450-1750 continued to A use religious ideas to highlight their political legitimacy and attack the legitimacy of their enemies B prefer to resolve interstate conflicts through warfare rather than through diplomatic means C patronize religious establishments and preside over religious ceremonies D seek to unite forces to prevent the spread of secular ideas
A use religious ideas to highlight their political legitimacy and attack the legitimacy of their enemies
Which of the following best describes the author's claim in the second paragraph? A The extensive mining of precious metals on Caribbean islands has destroyed the islands' natural environment. B Despite the small size of Barbadian plantations, the landowners on Barbados are very wealthy. C Enslaved people's political grievances are threatening the political order in American colonial societies. D Barbadian plantation owners are the wealthiest social group in the Caribbean.
B Despite the small size of Barbadian plantations, the landowners on Barbados are very wealthy.
The sixteenth- and seventeenth-century maritime exploration efforts by England, France, and the Netherlands were most directly connected to which of the following historical processes? A The Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation B Economic competition against Spain and Portugal and a desire to find new sailing routes to Asia C The transfer of engineering and navigational knowledge from the classical and Islamic worlds to Europe D The need to ease population pressures in Europe by establishing settlement colonies
B Economic competition against Spain and Portugal and a desire to find new sailing routes to Asia
Which of the following would best support the conclusion that the Columbian Exchange involved more profound consequences than did earlier biological exchanges in world history? A Previous exchanges did not involve societies at radically different levels of technological development B Previous exchanges did not involve the world's two hemispheres C The Columbian Exchange involved the peaceful transfer of animals, plants, and diseases D The Columbian Exchange was accompanied by the spread of missionary religions
B Previous exchanges did not involve the world's two hemispheres
The fact that the Russian tsar insisted in the last paragraph that some ambassadors be treated differently from others best illustrates which of the following about international politics in the period circa 1650-1750 ? A The Christian countries of Europe had banded together to defeat the threat from the Muslim Ottoman Empire. B Russia had encountered significant resistance to its plans for further territorial expansion from some of the established states in eastern and southern Europe. C Poland and the Ottoman Empire both felt threatened by the rising military might of Russia. D The Zaporozhian Cossacks, Russia, and most other European countries were bound by international treaties prohibiting the mistreatment of ambassadors.
B Russia had encountered significant resistance to its plans for further territorial expansion from some of the established states in eastern and southern Europe.
Which of the following developments in the period 1450-1750 is best understood as a response to the trends shown in the table? A The creation of divine-right theories of monarchy B The creation of larger state bureaucracies C The emergence of tribute collection as a form of taxation D The emergence of banking systems
B The creation of larger state bureaucracies
The portrait of Emperor Jahangir in Image 1 was most likely a symbolic representation of which of the following? A The Mughal Empire's scientific achievements B The expanding power of the Mughal Empire C The extended travels of Emperor Jahangir to Eurasian pilgrimage sites D The Mughal Empire's control of global trade networks
B The expanding power of the Mughal Empire
All of the following statements are factually accurate. Which would best support the author's argument in the first paragraph of the passage? A The Mamluk ruling elites of Egypt were made up of slave soldiers of various ethnic origins, including Turco-Mongolic peoples from the Black Sea steppes and peoples from the Caucasus Mountains. B The period of Mamluk rule in Egypt saw a high number of conversions to Islam and a considerable reduction in the percentage of Coptic Christians in the overall population of Egypt. C The Mamluks were one of the very few Muslim dynasties to have successfully defeated invading Mongol armies in battle. D The Jewish community in Mamluk Cairo included many prominent figures, including royal physicians, scholars, and administrators.
B The period of Mamluk rule in Egypt saw a high number of conversions to Islam and a considerable reduction in the percentage of Coptic Christians in the overall population of Egypt.
The conduct of the siege as described in the passage could best be used to explain which of the following processes in the period 1450-1750 ? A The transmission of new weapons along trade networks B The use of new weapons by expanding imperial states C The use of new weapons to establish trading-post empires D The development of new processes of manufacturing to create new weapons
B The use of new weapons by expanding imperial states
Based on the purpose of the letter, Selim's description of the followers of Shah Ismail I as a "heretical faction" can best be interpreted as a commentary of the Safavid Empire's A military strength B adherence to Shi'a Islam C Turkic origins D use of the Persian language
B adherence to Shi'a Islam
The author uses all of the following as evidence to support his argument about the impact of smallpox on Native American populations EXCEPT A many Native Americans who contracted smallpox died from it B the English settlers tried to help the Native Americans who were afflicted with smallpox C the Native Americans feared smallpox more than any other disease D smallpox was widespread among Native Americans
B the English settlers tried to help the Native Americans who were afflicted with smallpox
Which of the following processes most immediately led to the global expansion of European political power in the period circa 1500 ? A The Columbian Exchange B The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople C Advances in shipbuilding and navigational methods D Advances in medicine that improved Europeans' ability to survive in tropical climates
C Advances in shipbuilding and navigational methods
Which of the following is an implicit argument made by the author in the passage? A The current political and economic makeup of European colonies in the Caribbean is not sustainable over the long term. B Christianity will provide a solution to the social ills of colonial societies in the Caribbean. C Coerced labor systems have allowed a minority of the population of Caribbean colonial societies to reap enormous economic benefits. D It is incumbent upon France to try to wrest control of Barbados from Great Britain.
C Coerced labor systems have allowed a minority of the population of Caribbean colonial societies to reap enormous economic benefits.
The author invokes which of the following to support his claim that smallpox's impact on European settlers was different from its impact on Native Americans? A Pseudoscientific theories of European racial superiority B Evidence from population genetics C Ideas about the role of divine providence in human affairs D Protestant ideas about hard work and economic success as markers of personal virtue
C Ideas about the role of divine providence in human affairs
Which of the following represents a significant change in Africa between 1450 C.E. and 1750 C.E.? A Bantu-speaking people spread iron metallurgy to East and Central Africa B Europeans established settler colonies in East and Central Africa C Most enslaved Africans were transported across the Atlantic instead of the Sahara D Islam was introduced and widely adopted in North America
C Most enslaved Africans were transported across the Atlantic instead of the Sahara
The trends in military personnel and state revenue shown in the table are best understood in the context of which of the following changes in the relationship between states and local elites in the period 1450-1750 ? A States often relied on local elites to supervise provincial administration. B Local elites began looking to the state to provide titles that demonstrated their legitimacy. C States increasingly centralized their authority at the expense of local elites. D Local elites began to command their own military forces.
C States increasingly centralized their authority at the expense of local elites.
Which of the following long-term changes in the period circa 1550-1700 best demonstrates that the actions described by de Estete in the passage failed to fully achieve their goals? A The development of a global economy based on Spanish exports of Andean silver B American foods becoming staple crops in Eurasia C The emergence of syncretic religious practices in the Americas D The growing Spanish dependence on coerced labor in the Americas
C The emergence of syncretic religious practices in the Americas
The type of warfare described in the passage most directly helps to explain which of the following sixteenth-century developments? A The growing political influence of religious scholars at the Ottoman court B The granting of substantial religious and legal autonomy to Christian subjects in the Ottoman Empire C The intensification of political rivalries between the Ottoman Empire and neighboring states in Europe and the Middle East D The decline of the importance of the Janissaries in the Ottoman army
C The intensification of political rivalries between the Ottoman Empire and neighboring states in Europe and the Middle East
The methods of warfare shown in the image were instrumental in explaining the territorial expansion of all of the following land-based empires EXCEPT A the Safavid Empire B the Qing (Manchu) Empire C the Aztec (Mexica) Empire D the Ottoman Empire
C the Aztec (Mexica) Empire
The passage implies that the author was aware of smallpox being an infectious disease. Which of the following can best be cited as evidence of that claim? A The author's statement that Native Americans lived in a "trading house" near the English settlement B The author's statement that smallpox was so debilitating that those afflicted with it could not "make a fire, or fetch water to drink" C The author's statement that the English settlers "took pity" at the sight of the Native Americans' suffering D The author's statement that no English settlers fell ill, even though "many performed these favors for the Indians for weeks"
D The author's statement that no English settlers fell ill, even though "many performed these favors for the Indians for weeks"
The Columbian Exchange involved which of the following new connections in the ear 1450-1750? A European food to the Western Hemisphere, Western Hemisphere diseases to Europe; African population to Europe B Western Hemisphere technology to Africa; Africa food to Europe; European population to the Western Hemisphere C European technology to Africa; Western Hemisphere population to Africa; African food to the Western Hemisphere D African population to the Western Hemisphere; Western Hemisphere food to Europe and Africa; African and European diseases to the Western Hemisphere
D African population to the Western Hemisphere; Western Hemisphere food to Europe and Africa; African and European diseases to the Western Hemisphere
As outlined in the passage, the provisions of the agreement can best be used to illustrate which of the following aspects of state building in Eurasia in the period circa 1450-1750 ? A Mercantilist philosophy continued to inform the economic and social policies of many states. B Many states were able to consolidate their political systems and eliminate challenges to monarchical power. C Religious differences stopped being a significant factor in the weakening and fragmentation of imperial states. D Local elites successfully resisted attempts at state centralization and asserted their autonomy from central rule.
D Local elites successfully resisted attempts at state centralization and asserted their autonomy from central rule.
The point of view expressed by the Dutch West India Company's directors in the letter can best be described as A evenhanded in describing the benefits and detriments of various proposed options to the States General B shaped by views of European cultural and religious superiority over African peoples, which the States General representatives would have been likely to share C dismissive in its evaluation of the military and strategic importance of the kingdom of Kongo to the Netherlands D seeking to steer the States General representatives into taking action that would benefit the company financially
D seeking to steer the States General representatives into taking action that would benefit the company financially
