Unit 3 Cell transport and Osmosis practice

isotonic solution

A solution with a solute that is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution. Water will flow randomly into and out of the cell.

hypotonic solution

A solution with less solute on the outside of the cell than the inside. Water will go into the cell.

hypertonic solution

A solution with more solute on the outside of the cell than the inside. Water will leave the cell.

Solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solution. Particles that usually can not pass through the selectively permeable membrane.

Osmosis

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Endocytosis

Image

Hypertonic solution, water will move out of the cell, the cell will decrease in size (shrink)

Is the solution (or side A) isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic? What will happen in the given images? If there is a cell, will it shrink, swell, or remain the same?

Hypotonic solution, water will move into the cell, the cell will increase in size (swell, maybe burst)

Is the solution (or side A) isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic? What will happen in the given images? If there is a cell, will it shrink, swell, or remain the same?

Isotonic solution, water will move freely in and out of the cell, the cell size will remain the same.

Is the solution (or side A) isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic? What will happen in the given images? If there is a cell, will it shrink, swell, or remain the same?

side A is hypertonic it side B; water will move from side B to side A because there is a higher concentration of water molecules in side B than side A (there are NO CELLS, the solute does NOT move, nothing is bursting, nothing is absorbing)

Is the solution (or side A) isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic? What will happen in the given images? If there is a cell, will it shrink, swell, or remain the same?

side A is hypotonic to side B; water will move from side A to side B because there is a higher concentration of water molecules in side A than side B (there are NO CELLS, the solute does NOT move, nothing is bursting, nothing is absorbing)

Is the solution (or side A) isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic? What will happen in the given images? If there is a cell, will it shrink, swell, or remain the same?

side A is isotonic to side B; water will move freely back and forth because the concentration is already at equilibrium (there are NO CELLS, the solute does NOT move, nothing is bursting, nothing is absorbing)

Is the solution (or side A) isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic? What will happen in the given images? If there is a cell, will it shrink, swell, or remain the same?

active transport

Movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration from a lower concentratin through protein pumps, energy is needed.

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Molecules will continue moving randomly back and forth even after reaching equilibrium. No energy is needed.

Facilitated diffusion

Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels, from high to low concentration, no energy needed

Equilibrium

When there is the same amount of particles on both sides of a semipermeable membrane.

selectively permeable membrane

membrane that allows some substances to pass more easily than others and blocks the passage of some substances altogether (like the cell membrane)

Exocytosis

process by which a cell expels material from the cell by fusing a vesicle to the cell membrane, this is a form of active transport

Endocytosis

process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane, this is a form of active transport