Unit 3 chapter 6

Professor Lopez always parks his car in the same garage. One morning, however, the garage was full and the professor had to park his car elsewhere. When he parked his car, he took special note of its new location. Nevertheless, that afternoon Professor Lopez spent a good bit of time wandering around his normal parking garage, confused as to where his car was. The professor was experiencing:

*proactive interference* not sure

A witness to a bank robbery was interviewed and asked to provide details about the suspect's race, age, facial characteristics, height, weight, and clothing. Sometime later, the witness was interviewed again and asked to provide additional details. Which would the witness be least likely to recall?

*what was printed on the suspect's t-shirt* I think

During Monica's appearance on a popular quiz show, the host asked her to name the capital of Russia, and Monica immediately blanked out. She knew that she knew the answer, but she just couldn't recall it. This illustrates:

blocking

Memories are:

constructed by the brain

Brittany is daydreaming in class when her instructor asks her a question. Brittany finds that, even though she was not paying attention, she can replay in her "mind's ear" the instructor's last words, taking advantage of a process called:

echoic memory

The process by which we transform what we perceive, think, or feel into an enduring memory is called:

encoding

Don's parents suggest revisiting a vacation spot that they went to five years earlier. Don recalls vividly an unpleasant experience on that vacation; he immediately refuses to go this time and insists on going somewhere else. What type of memory does Don use to arrive at his strong opposition to his parent's proposition?

episodic

Faced with a tough decision regarding whether or not to end a long-term relationship, Naomi relies on her _____ memory to imagine the different outcomes associated with staying with or leaving her partner.

episodic

Susie was telling her best friend John about how awesome her summer vacation had been. She told him everything she remembered that happened. Susie could not stop saying, "I remember" while talking to John. What part of memory was Susie using?

explicit

Brittany states that she vividly remembers the day she turned 21. This is an example of a(n):

explicit memory

Collaborative memory refers to:

how people remember in groups

The fast-decaying store of visual information that is forgotten in seconds if not attended to is known as _____ memory.

iconic

Participants in a study were asked to recall an episode from their memory. During this recollection, new information somewhat related to the episode was presented to the participants. During a follow-up memory test two days later, participants:

incorporated the new info into the original episode

The ability to store and retrieve information over time is called:

memory

You have lunch at Potbelly's restaurant a couple of times a week. Because the restaurant is small, you eventually notice that a girl in your psychology class also occasionally eats at the restaurant. One weekend, the two of you are introduced at a party. She says, "I recognize you. Don't you work at Potbelly's?" This mistake is an example of:

memory misattribution

A psychologist is questioning Hunter about his childhood memories. Hunter is telling the psychologist the story of his favorite Christmas present, a trip to Disneyland. His memories of the present and the trip itself are very clear; however, Hunter believes that the present came from his Uncle Charley, when in fact it was from his Aunt Beth. This type of error in memory is known as:

misattribution

At the supermarket, Charlotte finds it much easier to remember the food items she needs when she puts them into the categories of fruits, vegetables, and meat. What encoding process is Charlotte using to create and recall memories?

organizational

Categorizing information based on relationships among the items in a series to be remembered is the definition of:

organizational encoding

After a near fatal collision with an 18-wheeler, Penelope was unable to think about anything else for many months. She suffered the memory phenomenon known as:

persistence

Bob has flashbacks to his service in Iraq, and sometimes he feels he remembers those days better than any days before or since. Bob probably feels this way because of memory:

persistence

The intrusive recollection of events we wish we could forget is known as:

persistence

The impairment of memory for recently learned information by previously learned information is known as:

proactive interference

Katie learns how to swim one summer. The next summer, she goes to the pool and realizes that she still remembers how to swim. Katie is using _____ memory.

procedural

Remembering to do things in the future is called:

prospective memory

In contemplating her busy schedule over breakfast, Professor Morgan forgets that she has to meet with a textbook representative at 2:00 p.m., illustrating a failure in _____ memory due to _____.

prospective; absentmindedness

The process of keeping information in short-term memory by mentally repeating it is called:

rehearsal

Michelle, whose first language is Spanish, is currently learning French in college. When she goes to see her Spanish-speaking grandmother, she inserts French words into her Spanish. Michelle is experiencing:

retroactive interference

Actively relating new information in a meaningful way to knowledge already in memory is the definition of _____ encoding.

semantic

If you correctly recall that William James founded the functionalist school of psychology, you are using your _____ memory.

semantic

When Paul studies for a psychology test, he tries to remember important terms by relating them to his past experiences and knowledge. He is using the strategy of:

semantic encoding

While cramming for a psychology exam, Hannah finds that if she thinks about the meaning of terms and tries to use them in examples, she learns them much better. What technique is Hannah using to improve her memory of the terms?

semantic judgements

A man and his son were watching Jeopardy on TV. The man correctly answered the questions in the category "World War II," and his son was impressed. The son then told his father that he remembered watching a program on World War II once at a friend's house. The man was using _____ memory while the son was using _____ memory.

semantic; episodic

Recall of when, where, and how information was acquired is called:

source memory

Before Jane starts studying, she takes a few deep breaths to calm herself. She always goes to the same part of the library and sits at the same table. Before her exam, she takes a few deep breaths to bring herself back to the same frame of mind that she was in during her study session. Jane is applying:

state dependent retrieval

The tendency to incorporate misleading information from outside sources into personal recall of events is called:

suggestibility

A memory acquired in one situation is more likely to be used in situations with similar encoding and retrieval cues, a phenomenon known as:

transfer-appropriate processing

Forgetting that occurs with the passage of time is known as:

transience

Active maintenance of information in short-term memory is referred to as:

working memory

If you are in a good mood when you are studying for a test, you will remember the material better on the test day if you:

are in a good mood that day

Michelle had a very important midterm paper due in less than an hour, so she rushed to her class in her car with the paper in the passenger seat. After she parked the car, she raced into class, leaving the paper behind. Michelle experienced:

absentmindedness