Unit 3 Practice Test pt 3

Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for a. providing hindsight explanations for human behaviors. b. failing to consider unconscious motivations. c. overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. d. underestimating gender differences in mate selection. e. overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors.

a

Males in their ________ are most likely to be sexually attracted to women who are several years older rather than several years younger than themselves. a. teens. b. twenties. c. thirties. d. forties. e. fifties.

a

Research on left-handedness suggests that a. genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness. b. a greater proportion of women than men are left-handed. c. left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers. d. most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere. e. left-handers live longer than right-handers.

a

Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? a. thalamus b. amygdala c. medulla d. hippocampus e. cerebellum

a

Which of the following fictional research findings is the best evidence against the idea that "our lives are determined by our experiences"? a. Babies are born with personalities that are relatively stable throughout their lives. b. IQ scores can change drastically (more than one standard deviation) after children are provided enriched environments. c. Reinforcements, like praise from caregivers, are the most powerful motivator for most children. d. The political opinions of adopted children are closer to those of their adopted parents than those of their biological parents. e. Extremely stressful experiences can change overall optimistic explanatory styles into more pessimistic styles.

a

Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of a. chromosomes. b. nature and nurture. c. DNA and genes. d. genomes. e. home environment and school environment.

b

Depending on environmental conditions, specific genes can be either a. nature or nurture. b. active or inactive. c. identical or fraternal. d. chromosomes or genomes. e. sperm or eggs.

b

The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n) a. EEG. b. MRI. c. PET scan. d. brain lesion. e. X-ray.

b

The localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain is called a. neurogenesis. b. lateralization. c. hemispherectomy. d. plasticity. e. reticular formation.

b

A football quarterback can simultaneously make calculations of receiver distances, player movements, and gravitational forces. This best illustrates the activity of multiple a. endocrine glands. b. endorphin agonists. c. neural networks. d. endorphin antagonists. e. thresholds.

c

According to evolutionary psychologists, our predisposition to overconsume fatty junk foods illustrates that we are biologically prepared to behave in ways that promoted the ________ of our ancestors. a. mutation b. heredity c. reproductive success d. neuroticism e. intelligence

c

Identical twins separated at birth would be most likely to have similar a. political ideas. b. religious beliefs. c. personality. d. norms. e. food preferences.

c

Recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. What is this process called? a. plasticity b. reuptake c. neurogenesis d. reticular formation e. myelin cells

c

The genome is the complete a. collection of sexual characteristics regulated by the X and Y chromosomes. b. range of traits that contribute to reproductive success. c. set of genetic material in an organism's chromosomes. d. set of interactions between genes and environments. e. collection of genetic and hormonal influences on behavior.

c

The home environment most clearly has a greater influence on children's ________ than on their ________. a. personality; political attitudes b. extraversion; table manners c. religious beliefs; personality traits d. DNA; genes e. shyness; social group

c

Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease is influenced by a. hormones. b. nurture. c. heredity. d. natural selection. e. environment.

c

Which region of the brain will a fMRI show as active when a person is looking at a photo? a. temporal lobes b. parietal lobes c. occipital lobes d. frontal lobes e. association areas

c

Consciousness is a. the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember. b. the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. c. effortless encoding of incidental information into memory. d. our awareness of ourselves and our environment. e. brain waves that indicate we are not reacting to a stimulus.

d

Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human a. naturalistic observation. b. genetic mutations. c. behavior correlations. d. reproductive success. e. prenatal development.

d

The threadlike structures that contain genes are called a. synapses. b. hormones. c. neurons. d. chromosomes. e. genomes.

d

Epigenetics refers to the a. influences that affect our mating decisions. b. factors that trigger us to behave aggressively towards others. c. the study of how men and women respond to sex hormones. d. the way that genes solely create our personalities. e. the study of how the environment triggers genetic expression.

e

Natural selection acts on a. proteins. b. cells. c. individuals. d. siblings. e. populations.

e

Two plants are grown under the same environmental conditions, including the same soil conditions and the same amount of light and water, but one grows to 2 feet tall and the other is 1 foot tall. In this case, the heritability would be closest to a. 5 percent. b. 25 percent. c. 50 percent. d. 80 percent. e. 95 percent.

e

Which brain structure might be most active when answering the question "What do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect?" a. amygdala b. reticular formation c. brainstem d. left hemisphere e. right hemisphere

e

Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your a. cerebellum. b. amygdala. c. hypothalamus. d. sympathetic nervous system. e. cerebral cortex.

e