Unit 3 Review History

Gutierrez-Magee Expedition (Identify & Effect)

1812-1813 joint Mexican-U.S. filibustering expedition against Spanish Texas during the early years of Mexican War of Independence. Led to the Republican Army of North taking over San Antonio until Spanish forces issued a "crackdown" on the rebellion and led to 7 more years of Spanish control of Texas.

Lorenzo de Zavala

19th century liberal Mexican and Texan politician of Spanish decent. He was a leading figure participating in defining moments that preceeded Mexico's Independence from Spain. He was a fedralist, liberal politician.

Stephen F. Austin

American Empresario was known as the "Father of Texas" who led the successful colonization bringing the "Old 300" families to settle.

What were the requirements of the "Old 300"?

Become citizens of Mexico Convert to Catholic Faith Be of good moral Character and Skilled at something.

Federalist

Believed in sharing power between states and the national government.

Centralists

Believed that power should be concentrated in the national government of Mexico City.

Why did American settlers come to Texas? (3 reasons)

Cheap land, new life, escape troubles.

Why did Mexico seek independence from Spain?

Colonist resented Spain's half-hearted attempt to rule them & Colonists were excluded from the best jobs.

Martin de Leon

Established a colony of 41 Mexican families on the lower Guadalupe River. De Leon's status of native Mexican gave him preference in border disputes. He settled mainly Mexican families and was successful in cattle ranching.

James Long

Filibuster who lead an army into Nacogdoches and was shot in 1822.

Philip Nolan

Filibuster who traded mustangs. There was a rumor that he was an American Spy against Spain.

Battle of Medina (Identify & Effect)

Fought approximately 20 miles south of San Antonio de Bexar (Modern-day downtown San Antonio) on August 18, 1813, as part of the Mexican War of Independence against Spanish authority in Mexico. Most of the rebels were killed in battle. The Spanish also tracked down and killed colonist who helped the Republican Army. In fear for their lives, colonists deserted the towns of Goliad and Nacogdoches. The Spanish crackdown was so brutal that Texas remained Spanish for another seven years.

Liberation

Freedom

Louis Michel Aury

French pirate who helped rebels against Spain by patrolling the Gulf Waters. Would eventually move to Florida to help Great Britain against Spain.

Who was involved in the Seven Year's War? What were the effects of the Seven Year's War?

Great Britain and France. Great Britain received position of most of North America.

Jose Bernardo Gutierrez

He traveled to Washington, D. C., and asked for men, money, and supplies.

1824 Colonization Law

In 1824, Mexican congress passed a new colonization law. 1.No one could receive more than 48,708 acres of land 2.No colony could be established within 30 miles of the coast nor within 60 miles of an international boundary without government permission 3.Only those who intended to live permanently in Texas could receive land contracts. 4.Land grants were now given through each individual state instead of Mexico City.

Describe the process it took for Moses and Stephen F. Austin to finally put the 300 families in Texas.

Moses Austin was the first American to receive permission to settle colonists in Texas. After receiving permission, he became ill and passed his settlement onto his son, Stephen. Stephen would bring the first colonists to Texas also known as "The Old Three Hundred".

What were some of the challenges of Stephen F. Austin's "Old Three Hundred"?

Native American attacks, drought, abandonment, land not surveyed, disputes, and disagreements.

Moses Austin

Original Anglo Expresario

Louisiana Purchase (Identify & Effect)

Purchased by the U.S. from France in 1803. It doubled the size of the U.S. and pushed the border of the U.S. to the Sabine River.

Green Dewitt

Received a contract for 400 families along the Lavaca, San Marcos and Guadalupe Rivers. Founded the town of Gonzales. In spite of all of his difficulties in not fulfilling his requirements on his contract he is considered one of the most successful Anglo American colonies in Texas.

What kind of people did Stephen F. Austin look for when he was choosing families to populate his first colony?

Skilled workers, good moral characters, and hard working.

Filibuster

Someone who engages in an unofficial war on a country.

Vaquero

Spanish for cowboy

Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

Started a rebellion which called for a grito and questioned the Spanish authority on their treatment of mestizos and was put to death for his actions.

Haden Edwards

Texas settler and land speculator. Received land grants from Mexican government allowing him to settle families in East Texas. His grant included Nacogdoches. Edwards contract was revolked in 1826 and him and his brother declared the colony to be the Republican of Fredonia.

Iturbide's Plan de Iguala

The Plan of Iguala, also known as The Plan of the Three Guarantees was a revolutionary proclamation promulgated on 24 February 1821, in the final stage of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain. The Plan stated that Mexico was to become a constitutional monarchy, whose sole official religion would be Roman Catholicism. It took its name from the city of Iguala in the modern-day state of Guerrero.

Treaty of Cordoba (Identify & Effect)

The Treaty of Cordoba established Mexican independence from Spain at the conclusion of the Mexican War of Independence. It was signed on August 24, 1821 in Cordoba Veracruz, Mexico. Ended Spanish rule in Mexico and made Mexico a free and independent nation. Texas is now a very large and unocuppied territory within Mexico with the U.S. as it's biggest.

State Colonization Law of 1825

The state legislature in Saltillo passed its own colonization law the following year, in 1825. In the hope of increasing the state's population, the legislature made rules designed to attract settlers. Foreigners, such as settlers from the United States, were invited to immigrate, or move, to Texas. Settlers in Texas could gain title to land by themselves or through empresarios.

Adams-Onis Treaty (Identify & Effect)

Treaty between the United States and Spain in 1819 that ceded Florida to the U.S. and defined the boundary between the U.S. and New Spain. Led to the Neutral territory along the Sabine River.

Republic

a government in which people elect representatives to make governmental decisions.

Jean Laffite

sided with the United States against Great Britain during The War of 1812. When that conflict ended, the pirate moved his base to Galveston Island, claiming to support Mexican Independence.

Mexican Constitution of 1824

•March 19, 1823, Mexican emperor Agustin de Iturbide was overthrown. •The people who formed the new Mexican government was called Federalists**, they believed in sharing power between the states and the national government. •divided the nation into 19 states and 4 territories divided the nation into 19 states and 4 territory