unit 4 chem.
Calculate the wavelength (in nm) of the blue light emitted by a mercury lamp with a frequency of 6.88 × 1014 Hz.
436nm
Give the number of core electrons for Cd.
46
How many valence electrons does an atom of sulfur have?
6
How many valence eletrons do the halogens possess
7
What is the estimated effective nuclear charge, Z eff, experienced by an electron in a 3p orbital of a chlorine atom?
7
how many valence electrons do the noble gases possess
8
When waves of equal amplitude from two sources are in phase when they interact, it is called
Constructive interference
choose the statement that is true
Core electrons effectively shield outer electrons from nuclear charge.
Identify the element that has a ground state electronic configuration of [Kr]5s24d5.
Tc
Which statement below concerning the photoelectric effect is true?
There is a threshold frequency for each metal, and only light of a frequency higher than this threshold causes electrons to be emitted from the metal surface.
________ is/are used to image bones and internal organs
X-rays
What is the electron configuration of the Co2+ ion?
[Ar] 3d 7
Choose the ground state electron configuration for Zn2⁺.
[Ar]3d10
Choose the ground state electron configuration for Ti2⁺.
[Ar]3d2
Give the ground state electron configuration for Se.
[Ar]4s23d104p4
Give the ground state electron configuration for the ion of Ba
[Kr]5s24d105p6
If the angular momentum quantum number, l, for a given electron is two (l = 2), in what type of orbital will the electron be found?
a d orbital
Which of the following quantum numbers describes the shape of an orbital?
angular momentum quantum number
In the periodic table we use today, the ordering of the elements is based on _____.
atomic number
Which of the following visible colors of light has the highest frequency?
blue
For a particular element identify the species that has the smallest radius
cation
The element that corresponds to the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d5 is
chromium
halogens can react with each other to form
covalent bonds
A type of energy embodied in oscillating electric and magnetic fields is called
electromagnetic radiation
An implication of Hund's rule is that _____.
electrons fill degenerate orbitals singly first, with parallel spins, before the electrons will pair up
The bright lines of an emission spectrum are the result of _____
electrons transitioning from a higher energy level to a lower energy level
The number of cycles that pass through a stationary point is called
frequency
Which property or properties of an electromagnetic wave affect(s) its ability to dislodge an electron from a metal?
frequency only
An implication of the Pauli exclusion principle is that _____
if two electrons occupy the same orbital, they must have opposite spin quantum numbers (m s)
If two electrons in the same atom have the same value of l, they are
in the same sublevel, but not necessarily in the same level.
describe the reactions of the noble gases with metals
inert
The heat that is felt from a hot object is called ________ radiation.
infrared
The electron affinity (EA) of an atom _____.
is the energy change associated with adding an additional electron to the atom in the gas phase
A cation of +2 indicates that an element has
lost two elctrons
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle tells us that _____
the more accurately we know the position of a particle, the less accurately we can know the velocity of that particle
A sunburn is caused by overexposure to ________ radiation.
ultraviolet
describe the reaction of the alkali metals with non-meatals
vigorous
Which of the following colors of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?
violet
The distance between adjacent crests is called
wavelength
Gold, Au, is found in which block of the periodic table?
the d block
For n = 3, what are the possible values for l?
0,1,2
How many valence electrons do the alkali metals possess
1
Give the complete electronic configuration for oxygen.
1s22s22px22py12pz1
How many valence electrons do the alkaline earth metals possess
2
What value of l is represented by a d orbital?
2
What value of l is represented by a f orbital
3
What is the frequency of light for which the wavelength is 7.1 × 102 nm?
4.2 × 10 14 s −1
The vertical height of a wave is called
Amplitude
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
An orbital that penetrates into the region occupied by core electrons is less shielded from nuclear charge than an orbital that does not penetrate and therefore has a lower energy.
Electrons filling up the orbitals from low to high is known as
Aufbau principle
When waves of equal amplitude from two sources are out of phase when they interact, it is called
Destructive interference
when filling degenerate orbitals, electrons fill them singly first with parallel spins
Hund's rule
Which of the choices below shows the correct ordering of K, Fe, Se, and Kr from largest atomic radius to smallest?
K > Fe > Se > Kr
No two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers is known as (the)
Pauli exclusion principle
Which of the following quantum numbers describes the orientation of an orbital?
magnetic quantum number
Food can be cooked by ________ radiation.
microwave
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?
orange
1s 22s 22p 63s 23p 3 is the ground state electron configuration for what element?
phosphorus, P
identify a characteristic of halogens
powerful oxidizing agents
Which of the following quantum numbers describes the size and energy of an orbital?
principal quantum number
Which of the following visible colors of light has the longest wavelength?
red
What are the possible orbitals for n = 3?
s,p,d