Unit 4: Disruptive Technologies

Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP)

The Internet protocol web browsers use to request and display web pages using universal resource locators (URLs).

Universal Resource Locator (URL)

The address of a file or resource on the web

Ebusiness Advantages

-expanding global reach -opening new markets -reducing costs -improving operations -improving effectiveness

Applet

A program that runs within another application such as a website. Example: The common "Hello World" applet types Hello World across the screen.

Domain name hosting (web hosting)

A service that allows the owner of a domain name to maintain a simple website and provide email capacity. Example: GoDaddy.com, 1&1.com, Web.com

Web Browsers

Allows users to access the WWW. Example: Internet Explorer, Mozilla's Firefox, Google Chrome.

World Wide Web (WWW)

Provides access to Internet information through documents, including text, graphics, and audio and video files that use a special formatting language called Hypertext Markup Language. Example: Tim Berners-Lee, a British computer scientist, is considered the inventor of the WWW on March 12, 1989.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Publishes hypertext on the WWW, which allows users to move from one document to another simply by clicking a hot spot or link. Example: HTML uses tags such as <h1> and </h1> to structure text into headings, paragraphs, lists, hypertext links, and so on.

associate (affiliate) program

a business to generate commissions or referral fees when a customer visiting its website clicks on a link to another merchant's website. For example, if a customer to a company website clicks on a banner ad to another vendor's website, the company will receive a referral fee or commission when the customer performs the desired action, typically making a purchase or completing a form.

associate program

allows a business to generate commissions or referral fees when a customer visiting its website clicks on a link to another merchant's website

videoconference

allows people at two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously as well as share documents, data, computer displays, and whiteboards.

Intermediaries

are agents, software, or businesses that provide a trading infrastructure to bring buyers and sellers together.

webconferencing (webinar)

blends videoconferencing with document sharing and allows the user to deliver a presentation over the web to a group of geographically dispersed participants.

click-stream data

can observe the exact pattern of a consumer's navigation through a site.

podcasting

converts an audio broadcast to a digital music playe

Content Management System (CMS)

help companies manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of their website content.

Digital Darwinism

implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction.

Ebusiness

includes ecommerce along with all activities related to internal and external business operations such as servicing customer accounts, collaborating with partners, and exchanging real-time information.

banner ad

is a box running across a website that advertises the products and services of another business, usually another ebusiness

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

is a company that provides access to the Internet for a monthly fee. Major ISPs in the United States include AOL, AT&T, Comcast, Earthlink, and Netzero, as well as thousands of local ISPs including regional telephone companies.

click-through

is a count of the number of people who visit one site and click on an advertisement that takes them to the site of the advertiser

Internet

is a massive network that connects computers all over the world and allows them to communicate with one another. Computers connected via the Internet can send and receive information including text, graphics, voice, video, and software.

Disruptive Technology

is a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customers.

instant messaging (IM)

is a service that enables instant or real-time communication between people

cookie

is a small file deposited on a hard drive by a website containing information about customers and their browsing activities.

pop-up ad

is a small web page containing an advertisement that appears outside of the current website loaded in the browser.

viral marketing

is a technique that induces websites or users to pass on a marketing message to other websites or users, creating exponential growth in the message's visibility and effect.

mass customization

is the ability of an organization to tailor its products or services to the customers' specifications. For example, customers can order M&M's in special colors or with customized sayings such as "Marry Me."

Ecommerce

is the buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet.

Taxonomy

is the scientific classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin.

Information Architecture

is the set of ideas about how all information in a given context should be organized.

interactivity

measures advertising effectiveness by counting visitor interactions with the target ad

information reach

measures the number of people a firm can communicate with all over the world. Buyers need information richness to make informed purchases, and sellers need information reach to properly market and differentiate themselves from the competition.

types of click-stream data metrics

number of page views, pattern of website visits, length of stay on website, dates and times of visit, number of registrations filled out per 100 visitors, number of abandoned registrations, demographics of registered visitors, number of customers with shopping carts, numer of abandoned shopping customers.

Personalization

occurs when a company knows enough about a customer's likes and dislikes that it can fashion offers more likely to appeal to that person, say by tailoring its website to individuals or groups based on profile information, demographics, or prior transactions.

paradigm shift

occurs when a new radical form of business enters the market that reshapes the way companies and organizations behave.

real-time communication

occurs when a system updates information at the same rate it receives it.

Sustaining technology

produces an improved product customers are eager to buy, such as a faster car or larger hard drive.

long tail

referring to the tail of a typical sales curve

Cybermediation

refers to the creation of new kinds of intermediaries that simply could not have existed before the advent of ebusiness, including comparison-shopping sites such as Kelkoo and bank account aggregation services such as Citibank.

information richness

refers to the depth and breadth of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio, or video information.

Reintermediation

steps are added to the value chain as new players find ways to add value to the business process.

Disintermediation

which occurs when a business sells directly to the customer online and cuts out the intermediary.