Unit 4 Exam US History

Manifest Destiny

-The US was destined by God and history to expand in size -The US should create vast new "empire of liberty" -The growth of the US was not selfish but altruistic

Secession of states

-The first state to secede from the Union was South Carolina -In 1860, President James Buchanan asserted that no state had the right to secede from the US -Fort Sumter surrendered on April 14, 1861, after Confederate forces bombarded it -President Lincoln's call for volunteers resulted in the succession of arkansas, Tennessee, Virginia and North Carolina

Texas economy of 1820s

A cotton economy dependent on slavery

Frederick Douglass

Abolitionist and former slave most associated freedom with the right to earn a living

Development of the Continent

America would eventually become what a highway for transporting goods and culture

Tension Texas colonists and Mexico

Attempts to stem immigration from the US

Panic of 1837

Caused by -Crop failures -Collapse of credit -Specie shortage in Europe and the United States

Sam Houston

Commander of the Texas army at the battle of San Jacinto; later elected president of the Republic of Texas

Lincoln/Douglass debates

Lincoln argued slavery was a threat to growth of free labor

War with Mexico

Occurred due to annexation of Texas. US won. Got California, Nevada, Utah, NM, Arizona and Texas.

Texas joining the U.S.

President Andrew Jackson thought that action would add to sectional tension

Jefferson Davis

Prior to becoming president of the Confederacy, ____________ had been regarded as a moderate to succession He proved to be a tense, humorless leader who micromanaged every detail of the war

Individual success

Reformers of the 1830s believed that hard work, industriousness, and frugality were the keys to...

End of the Jackson administration

The Democratic Party had grown too diverse to remain stable

South expanding slavery

The defense of property rights and ability to move that property motivated

Final slave debate by 1850

The disposition of land acquired in the war with Mexico forced the North and South into the...

Lack of development in the South

The phrase "The South grew, but did not develop" Prior to the Civil War meant that the South had failed to move from an agrarian to an industrial economy

Abolitionists and violence

When nonviolent means did not work, American abolitionists encountered violent opposition to their activities

similarities between Van Buren and Jackson

agreed that the federal government should not manage currency.

Constitution of the Confederacy

almost identical in many respects to the Constitution of the US, only it supported slavery and white supremacy

William Lloyd Garrison

generally opposed violence to achieve an end to slavery

Transcontinental railroad

had issues as non-slave owning northerners and slave-owning southerners could not agree on a route

Middle class jobs

jobs required mental rather than physical labor

Non slave-owning southerners

largely dependent on the plantation economy

John C. Calhoun

made the argument that Congress had no right to impose limits on the expansion of slavery

John Brown's raid

many southerners assumed the North was dominated by people intent on destroying the South

Benevolent Empire

people, as God's agents, should care for other people

Slavery/Political

posed a threat to northern white people's freedoms as well.

Whig

referred to Jackson's opponents because they believed that Jackson ruled like a king instead of an elected officials

The New Middle Class

self-made man

Confederate government tension

states' rights

Free Soil Party

supported opposition to the expansion of slavery

Politics of Confederacy

the absence of a two party system

Critics of expansion

warned it would increase the controversy over slavery