Unit 5: Genetics

What are genes made of?

DNA

Genetics

the scientific study of heredity

Heterozygous

two different alleles (example: Hh)

Is the following genotype homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous? Hh

heterozygous

Is the following genotype homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous? HH

homozygous dominant

Is the following genotype homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous? hh

homozygous recessive

Where are genes located?

in our chromosomes

How does an individual's genotype determine its phenotype?

The genetic plan determines the physical appearance. If the genotype is Hh (H stands for dominant brown while h stands for recessive blonde), then the individual would have blonde hair.

Trait

a notable characteristic, feature, or quality in an organism

Phenotype

describes physical appearance of the trait (example: brown hair)

Dominant Allele

descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that appears to be the only one affecting a trait

Recessive Allele

descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that does not appear to affect the trait

Allele

different forms of the same gene

Gene

encodes the instructions that define our traits

Homozygous

same two alleles (example: HH or hh)

The heterozygous genotype for one's hair is Hh. What represents the dominant allele?

the capital H

Genotype

the genetic plan (example: Hh)

The heterozygous genotype for one's hair is Hh. What represents the dominant allele?

the lowercase h

Heredity

the passing of traits from parents to child