Unit 5 Review

The Temple of Solomon

Built by King Solomon to house the Ark of the Covenant • served as place of worship/sacrifice/place for covenant • sacrifice can be conducted here by priests only (priests only ones allowed to do such).

Samaria

Capital of Northern Kingdom

Joab

David's general, he murdered Abner (Ish-bosheth's general) and later murdered Absalom

Absalom

David's son who rebelled and drove David from Jerusalem; Later killed by Joab while his hair hung in a tree

Solomon

David's son who was a great king. Renowned for his wisdom and wrote the books of Proverbs and Ecclesiastes. He built massive project in Israel including the Temple. His project cost the people a lot of money in taxes causing a division in Israel.

High places

Dedicated to Baal, Asherah and other Canaanite deities, these were places of worship and sacrifice located at the top of hills. Many Israelites turned from God and worshiped here, including Solomon. Josiah and Hezekiah's reforms involved tearing these down.

Josiah

Faithful King of the Southern Kingdom of Judah, discovered a book in the Temple (Book of Deuteronomy) and implemented reforms to recommit the people to the covenant with God and to eliminate worship of false gods.

Zedekiah

He is the puppet king who is appointed by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon to rule over the obliterated Jerusalem. He is destroyed by the Babylonians when he tries to rebel.

Davidic Covenant

In 2 Samuel 7, this covenant that says the Messiah will come from the House of David and will therefore be a king. He will establish an everlasting kingdom

Jehu

Israelite king, anointed by Elisha, killed by Ahab's family and priests of Baal, bad king with political not spiritual motivations

Jehoiachin

Jehoiakim's son. He surrenders Jerusalem to Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuchadnezzar then strips Jerusalem of all its leadership taking the army, craftsman etc. Judah officially belongs to Babylon because of him.

Jerusalem

"City of David", A Canaanite city conquered by David that became the capital and religious center of Israel.

Messiah

"God's chosen (anointed) one" - the awaited king of the Jews; this term is derived from the Hebrew language

David

(2nd king of israel) musician Son of Jesse, successor to Saul and 2nd king of the United Kingdom(1000-961 BCE). Expanded Israel's boundaries to their greatest extent, founded new capital at Jerusalem. He became the prototype of the messiah figure, who was prophecized to be his descendant.

Assyrian Empire

(900-600 BC) an warlike empire which dominated N. Mesopotamia with their main capital at Nineveh on the Tigris river. They were heavily influenced by the Old Babylonian culture to the south.They conquered the Northern Kingdom in 722 BCE.

Omri

King of Israel (northern kingdom); 876-869BCE; ; "sinned more than all of them" and encouraged idol worship (1 Kings 16)

Hoshea

King of Israel who at first paid tribute to appease the Assyrian army, but after they had withdrawn this king turned to Egypt for military aid against the Assyrians.The Last King of the Northern Kingdom

Hezekiah

2 Kings 18-20 - thirteenth king of Judah. A very righteous and good King. Famous for the religious reforms he instituted and improved the general state of the nation. Saved Jerusalem from the Assyrian invasion

Neo-Babylonian Empire

612-537 BCE; 2nd Babylonian Empire; after the death of Assurbanipal, the Babylonians (part of Assyrian Empire) overthrew the Assyrians; most important ruler was Nebuchadnezzar; They conquered the Southern Kingdom in 586 BCE.

Jezebel

A Canaanite princess, married to Ahab, one of the kings of the northern kingdom. She was very unrighteous.

Dan

A city in the Northern Kingdom dedicated to idol worship, along with Bethel

Bethel

A city in the Northern Kingdom dedicated to idol worship, along with Dan

Ahab

A king of Israel who worshiped Baal and was in constant conflict with the prophet Elijah

House of Omri

A major dynasty in the history of Israel's monarchy. They rejected the House of David. It began with Omri in 876 BCE and ended with the revolt of Jehu in 842 BCE.

Jeroboam

A minister of Solomon who led the revolt against his son Rehoboam. Jeroboam became the first king of the new northern kingdom of Israel.

Prophet

A person who communicates God's message with God's authority to His people

Elisha

A powerful prophet who had been the follower of Elijah. He saw Elijah taken up into heaven and received double the spiritual power God gave Elijah. Anointed Jehu as king

The Division of the Kingdom

After the death of King Solomon, the United Kingdom of Israel split into two kingdoms. The Southern Kingdom of "Judah," with their capital remaining at Jerusalem, and The Northern Kingdom of "Israel," with their new capital at Samaria.

Hezekiah's Tunnel

Aqueduct that brought water from the Gihon Spring to the Pool of Siloam; dug during the reign of King Hezekiah

Wisdom

Practical application of knowledge, faith, and understanding. "The fear of the Lord is the beginning" of this

Elijah

Prophet to Israel during the reigns of Ahab , his mission was to demonstrate that Baal is a false god and the Lord is king. Challenges the prophets of Baal to a competition and defeats them.

Repentance

Remorse or regret for past actions that is so serious it causes personal change

Adonijah

Solomon's half brother, next in line for the throne . Nathan and Bathsheba trick David into annointing Solomon as next king. Solomon has him killed when he requests Abishag as his wife.

Rehoboam

Solomon's son who succeeded him as king. Rehoboam rejected the advice of the elders causing the 10 northern tribes to leave and align themselves with Jeroboam. It was during the reign of Rehoboam that the kingdom was divided.

Ish-Bosheth

Son of Saul, made king of Israel by the military general Abner after Saul's death

Israel

The northern ten tribes broke off from Solomon's kingdom to form this nation, Jeroboam was their first king

Judah

The southern two tribes of Judah and Benjamin broke off from Israel to form this nation, Rehoboam was their first king

722 BCE

The year that the Assyrians conquered the Northern Kingdom of Israel

586 BCE

The year that the Babylonians conquered the Southern Kingdom of Judah

Bathsheba

Wife of Uriah, a Hittite soldier working for King David, her adultery with David caused David to murder her husband and evoked the denunciation of the prophet Nathan. She becomes the mother of Solomon.

Proverbs

Written by King Solomon, this is a book of sayings based on the fear of the Lord. This book gives advice on everything from wisdom, to marriage, to leading a moral secular life.

Siloam Inscription

a Hebrew inscription describing the Siloam (Hezekiah's) tunnel

Josiah's Reforms

destroyed altars/idols to false gods, deposed their priests, destroyed their high places, renewed the covenant with God, and restored the Passover

Hezekiah's Reforms

removed high places, tore down idols, and re-instituted worship of God. He also stockpiled food and resources in case the Assyrians attacked Judah.

Manesseh

son of Hezekiah; longest rule of any king of Judah; one of the worst rulers of either kingdom; worshiped Baal and Asherah; rebuilt cultic alters his father had destroyed; child sacrifices; soothsayers; idols in temple; blamed for Babylonian exile