Unit 6
Using your knowledge of world history, which of the following BEST describes the effects of the historic trends demonstrated by the above sources? A In response to hostility in receiving societies, migrants created ethnic enclaves. B Restrictive immigration laws reduced human smuggling in the 19th Century. C In reaction to laws that restricted immigration, most migrants' countries of origin banned emigration. D New technologies reduced the motivation of states to restrict immigration.
A
What was the most direct effect of actions taken by people who supported the thinking expressed in the passages? A Brutal treatment of African people by European colonialists. B German defeat in World War I . C Inspired biologists to develop theory of Natural Selection. D International pacifist movement.
A
Which of the following developments was the most DIRECT cause of the changes displayed in the graph above? A Abolition of the slave trade and slavery. B American Revolution and Independence. C British suppression of the Great Rebellion in India. D Establishment of European empires in Africa.
A
The rise of the British as a land power in India most closely resembled A the Spanish capture of the Aztecs. B the Dutch capture of Java. C the Ottoman Capture of Constantinople. D The Belgium occupation of the Congo.
B
This passage BEST supports which of the following arguments? A Túpac Amaru's rebellion was a spontaneous uprising. B Túpac Amaru's rebellion was the result of careful planning. C Túpac Amaru's rebellion was destroyed by internal conflict. D Túpac Amaru's rebellion was no match for the Spanish Empire.
B
Compared to convict leasing in the southern United States, coerced labor in Australia featured MORE of which of the following? A Successful escapes. B Harsh working conditions. C Political prisoners. D Profiteering by prison officials.
C
Which of the following revolutionary heroes could Neruda be alluding to when he says, "restless heroes / ...brought about the greatness, the liberty and the flags"? A Francisco Madero. B Alexander Hamilton. C Simón Bolívar. D José de San Martín. Correct
C
During the late 19th century, which of the following countries had the weakest colonial presence? A Spain. B Portugal. C France. D Italy.
D
Which of the following historical developments MOST directly presented an additional economic opportunity for Italians migrating to Argentina in the late 19th century? A State formation. B Imperialism. C Social Darwinism. D Industrialization.
D
The photo above could be used as evidence of which of the following? A The foundations for the transition to Apartheid B The improvement of economies in South Africa under British rule C The growth in infrastructure under British rule in Africa D The successful economic partnership of the British and South Africans
A
According to the source above, enslaved people from Africa both provided knowledge necessary to cultivate rice successfully in the Americas and suggested the idea. How? A They demonstrated the suitability of rice cultivation because they were already growing rice for themselves as a subsistence crop along with a number of other crops that they introduced from Africa. B Domestic slaves suggested it as a dietary complement to chicken. C Slaves learned to cultivate wild rice from Native Americans who had been forced to leave the low country of the plantations and the slaves contiued to cultivate it. D Pirated rice from Asia was introduced into the Triangular Trade and slaves began to experiment with growing scavenged grains in their kitchen gardens.
A
According to the source above, which of the following contributors to World War I was MOST closely associated with colonial migrations? A Nationalism and racism. B Nationalism and armament. C Wartime alliances and nationalism. D Wartime alliances and racism.
A
Based on this government report, which of the following could best be inferred about British rule in India? A Indian reactions were mixed; some regions cooperated willingly with the British, while others rebelled. B The British government ruled India as a settler colony, moving millions of British families into India. C Revolts and violent uprisings were common all across India during the entire time of the British Raj. D Although the British planned to place troops across India and tightly control daily life there, they were prevented from ultimately doing so by various revolts and rebellions.
A
Based on your knowledge of world history, a historian would MOST likely use the image in Source 1 as support for which of the following assertions? A Indian communities in South Africa sometimes included specialized professionals. B White residents in South Africa refused to interact with non-white residents. C Indian lawyers succeeded in protecting immigrant communities from mistreatment and racism. D Most Indians in South Africa were members of the Western-educated elite. Incorrect
A
Each of the exports mentioned in the passage above are examples of ___ , whose foundation was laid between 1750 and 1900. A Cash crops B Imperialism C Subsistence farming D Mercantilism
A
How does the Second Article of the Treaty represent a change for the British in China? A Previous to the Treaty of Nanking, the British were only allowed to interact in a limited manner with the Chinese in the port of Canton. B The British have formally opened up the five ports of China mentioned in Article 2, to unregulated and free trade among all European powers. C The British have taken over the governments of the five ports listed in Article 2, establishing political control over parts of the empire. D Instead of being in conflict with the Chinese, the British are acknowledging that they will be subject to Chinese laws, to promote a long-lasting peace.
A
Lugard justifies the use of force by Europeans to rule Africans by arguing that A Africans are too primitive to rule themselves. B it is God's will for Europeans to rule the world. C Christianity should not be taught to Africans. D only a show of strength can overcome African military power.
A
Roy would most likely have agreed that which of the following was the real purpose of British construction of railways in India? A To exploit Indian resources B To instruct Indians in engineering C To maintain Indian cultural practices D To provide Indians with transportation
A
The "string of phrases" Roy references in the first paragraph reflects which of the following nineteenth-century historical processes? A Imperialists used racist claims to justify their treatment of colonized peoples. B Industrialization increased the availability of consumer goods . C Revolutionaries used Enlightenment ideologies as rationales for new governments. D Global migrants created ethnic enclaves that preserved culture in their countries.
A
The above source explains an example of which major social trend caused by migration in the 19th century? A Migrants tended to be male, which changed gender roles in areas of emigration. B Migrants desired wage work due to the new economic opportunities present in growing cities. C The capitalist world economy grew to include regions such as the Middle East. D Bureaucracy increased and replaced older political structures of pre-modern states.
A
The development of the copper mine pictured above most directly reflects the influence of which of the following? A Industrialization in Europe, Japan, and the US increased the global demand for specialized metals. B Spanish land grants encourage colonial elites to engage in extractive economic development. C Mexican Revolution targeted capitalist enterprises and empowered workers. D In Mexico, and throughout Latin America, a rapidly growing middle class invested funds in domestic industrial enterprises.
A
The movement of Indian laborers within the British Empire was a direct result of... A The abolition of slavery within the British Empire. B The loss of Great Britain's North American colonies. C The outcome of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. D The high cost of fighting the Napoleonic Wars.
A
The underlying motives for the migration of French citizens to French colonies is MOST similar to which of the following migrations? A English citizens moving to India. B Irish citizens moving to the United States. C Dutch citizens moving to South Africa. D Indian citizens moving to Kenya.
A
The utilization of labor such as the one shown above was MOST important in the 19th and 20th century because A industrializing capitalist economies used this labor to gain access to raw resources. B social Darwinists used this labor to justify racial hierarchies . C industrialized markets needed to compete with colonial labor in Africa and Asia. D labor practices were meant to punish communist agitators.
A
Thomas Nast's political cartoon MOST clearly aligns with which of the following ideologies? A Social Darwinism. B Marxism C Militarism. D Socialism.
A
Using the document and your knowledge of world history, Emilio Aguinaldo's goals implied above would be most similar to which of the following historical actors? A Chinese Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists, aka the "Boxers." B Japanese militarists who prepared for war with China and Russia. C Otto von Bismarck, organizer of the Berlin Conference. D Rudyard Kipling, author of "The White Man's Burden."
A
Which of the following BEST describes this painting's point of view? A The artist celebrated the escape by showing the separation of the boat from the dock and a large ship in the distance. B The artist desired the Fenians to be caught and showed this by depicting men running to the dock. C The artist supported the British government for its forced migration of convicts to Australia by depicting men with their fists in the air. D The artist felt the escape was unnecessary and showed this by painting the escapees as unresponsive to those on the dock.
A
Which of the following best demonstrates the historical consequence of the tension between China and Great Britain during the nineteenth century? A With the Treaty of Nanking, Britain gained new ports within China for trade and concessions to pay for the cost of two wars. B China experienced a resurgence of isolationism and repelled further European intervention for decades. C Britain adhered to the Chinese government's wishes and resumed fair trade policies. D Britain sent peace envoys to China to avoid war by signing the Treaty of Nanking Understanding European Emigraition
A
Which of the following discriminatory legislation is MOST similar to the "No Irish Need Apply" (NINA) practice in both England and the United States during the late 19th century? A The Chinese Exclusion Act. B Mexican Repatriation. C The Indian Removal Act. D The Black Codes.
A
Which of the following is the most DIRECT cause of the overseas migration of Indian workers to Trinidad depicted in the photograph above? A With the outlawing of slavery in the British colonies, land owners needed to find a new source of cheap labor to work on their sugar cane plantations. B Hindus in India fled religious persecution under the discriminatory policies of the Mughal Empire. C Indians, with their expertise in growing cotton, were recruited to establish and manage cotton plantations in Trinidad. D Indians were forcibly captured and brought over to the Caribbean by the British to work on their plantations.
A
Which of the following statements is best supported by the excerpt above? A The continent would be occupied and settled as a British colony in accord with the docrine of "Terra Nullius." B Christian Missions would be established for the purpose of saving the souls of the indigenous. C The indigenous would be enslaved and forced to labor on plantations where exotic products of value to continental Europeans would be produced. D The natives would be invited to join the Commonwealth in order to enjoy the benefits of free trade.
A
Which of the following supports Roy's claim about "the truth" in the second paragraph? A British businesses exported opium from India to China. B British industrialists purchased raw cotton from Egypt. C Many Indian elites sent their children to English schools. D Some Indian companies produced ships purchased by British merchants. Many Indian elites sent their children to English schools.
A
Which of the following transoceanic empires was the first to be established as a trading post? A The British in India. B The British in West Africa. C Belgium in the Congo. D The French in Algeria.
A
Which of the following was a central cause for another mass migration occurring during the 19th century ? A Irish potato famine. B decolonization process. C Arab Spring. D Cold War.
A
Which of the following was a major contributing factor to the increase of coercive labor in North America in the mid-19th century? A The passage of the Corn Laws in England. B A global increase in available, diverse crops. C The development of the steam engine. D The growth of Western European railroad systems.
A
With the Treaty of Nanking, what kind of designation was given to Hong Kong? A Colony of Great Britain B Free Enterprise Zone C A Free City State D Economic Dependency
A
A historian could best use the passage above as evidence supporting which of the following claims? A Some colonized people celebrated their place in European Empires. B Some colonized people rejected the rationales used by imperialists to justify their empires. C Some European imperialists promoted their culture in their country's colonies. D Some European states competed with each other to build the biggest empires.
B
According to the excerpt, which of the following BEST describes an aspect of Brazilian maroon societies which is the subject of a major historical debate? A The frequency of military actions to repress maroon societies. B The extent of syncretism present in maroon societies. C The description of pastoral practices in maroon societies. D The amount of resistance to slavery by maroon societies.
B
Annual average slave and indentured slave arrivals in thousands for Caribbean and Indian Ocean islands. Adapted for Albert.io from Northrup, David. Indentured labor in the age of imperialism: 1834-1922. Cambridge: Cambridge U Press, 1995. Print. Using your knowledge and the map and graph above, which of the following nineteenth-century trends was MOST responsible for Indian (South Asian) migration to Africa, the Caribbean, and South America? A Development of nationalist ideologies. B Growth of the British Empire. C Latin American Independence. D Spread of industrialization. Incorrect
B
Based on the above sources and your knowledge of world history, which of the following BEST describes the relationship between migration and receiving societies in the 19th Century? A Societies around the world mostly remained unchanged despite large-scale migration. B The large-scale nature of migration created diverse societies and changed social structures. C The same pattern of social interaction existed among migrants and indigenous people worldwide. D Those with the highest social status in receiving societies lost their dominance in social hierarchies as a result of large-scale migration.
B
Based on the passage above, which of the following would be seen as a continuity between the Age of Imperialism and modern-day Africa? A Modern social classes are rooted in the imperial social systems developed under imperialism. B Global economic systems in the modern era were established in the Age of Imperialism C Environmental concerns that exist today are a direct impact of the economies developed under imperialism. D Technology that was used during the Age of Imperialism is still used today in Africa.
B
Based on this passage and what you know of world history, which of the following is the most accurate description of the Latin American state of affairs immediately following independence from colonial powers? A Most Latin American countries exported manufactured goods to North America and Europe. B Despite winning their independence, many Latin American countries still relied heavily on financing and trade agreements with North America and Europe, causing them to be economically and politically dependent . C Although many Latin American countries were governed by dictators, the people experienced a resurgence of personal freedoms and protections. D In order to remain economically viable, many Latin American countries reinstated the slave trade to work sugar and coffee plantations.
B
Based on this source and your knowledge of world history, which of the following ideologies complemented the rise of imperialism during the late 19th and early 20th centuries? A Communism. B Nationalism. C Enlightenment ideals. D Buddhism.
B
European control of Burmese territory began under private joint-stock company directive before falling under the authority of a European government itself. This is most similar to the experience in which of the following? A Japan in Manchuria B Britain in India C The United States in the Philippines D France in Vietnam
B
Growing profits from trades like the Gold Rush led to the expansion of what in European countries from 1750-1900? A Monarchies B Middle class C Abolitionist groups D Support of ideas from the Scientific Revolution
B
Lin Zexu's analysis of China's status relative to Great Britain could best be characterized as A accurate, because he knew the strength of China's commercial economy during the nineteenth century . B inaccurate, because he was unaware of the power of European militaries . C accurate, because he knew that Japan could aid China in a conflict with Europeans. D inaccurate, because he did not know about the addictive qualities of opium.
B
The MOST significant motivation for British imperialism in India was A Social Darwinism. B The desire to obtain natural resources such as tea and cotton. C The expansion of military bases. D The spread of Christianity.
B
The conditions described in this document represent which type of foreign relations that existed between European States and other parts of the world in the nineteenth century? A Balance of Power B Unequal Treaties C Multilateral Agreement D A Peace Summit
B
The documents above BEST illustrate which of the following widespread attitudes about the responsibility of Europeans under imperialism? A Raising the children of native peoples. B Ruling the less civilized races. C Studying specimens of other races. D Caring for the world's less fortunate.
B
Using the document and your knowledge of world history, which of the following BEST states the immediate context for Aguinaldo's writing? A American Revolution and War for Independence . B Armed resistance by Filipinos against US control of the Philippines. C Filipino and American cooperation during the Spanish-American War. D Japanese invasion of the Philippine Islands.
B
Using your knowledge of World History and the sources above, which of the following BEST describes the relationship between 19th-century migration and the environment in Africa? A Europeans migrating to Africa quickly overcame environmental obstacles. B Improved medical treatments for African diseases allowed for increased European migration into their African colonies. C Urbanization fueled increased European migration. D The influx of Europeans failed to significantly alter the methods of food production for most Africans.
B
Using your knowledge of world history, Source 2 indicates that all of the following were continuities regarding Indians in South Africa between 1860 and 1960 EXCEPT A Race-based social hierarchies limited their prospects. B Representation in national politics brought them empowerment. C Job opportunities for them remained mostly restricted to low status work. D Many of them lived in large ethnic enclaves in cities.
B
Using your knowledge of world history, which of the following 19th-century developments would provide the BEST comparison for a historian interested in another example of migration's effect on gender roles? A Women's roles as social reform leaders demanding voting rights in the United States. B Women's roles in South Africa as men increasingly worked in mining. C Women's roles in Nigeria as farmers of "women's crops" such as cassava. D Women's roles as wives of British officials in charge of colonial affairs in India.
B
Von Treitschke and Rhodes are both professing variations of a nineteenth-century ideology deeply influenced by which of the following disciplines? A Atomic physics. B Evolutionary biology. C Microbiology. D Psychology.
B
What piece of evidence could be used to counter the claims made by Cook and his counterparts regarding the abilities of Aboriginals? A Data on the life span of Aboriginals B Oral histories from the Aboriginals passed down from generation to generation C A map showing the location of Aboriginal communities D Photos of recreations of aboriginal living conditions described in Cook's journals
B
Which of the following best represents the historical situation described in the letter? A The decline of Great Britain stemming from their loss of imperial possessions in the Americas B The ability of industrialized nations to foster unequal relationships with non-industrialized nations during the nineteenth century C The rise of Japan following state-led modernization efforts D The growth of nationalist movements following centuries of imperialism
B
Which of the following countries was able to maintain its sovereignty despite being surrounded by imperial powers? A Laos B Siam C Cambodia D Annam
B
Which of the following effects of the Industrial Revolution was essential to the success of southern rice plantations? A New farming techniques, such as terraced farming, allowed for far quicker cultivation of rice. B Increased populations in dense urban centers. C Changes in social classes and mobility brought about by economic developments. D Increased conglomeration of economic systems and advances in banking.
B
Which of the following groups of 19th century migrants is MOST similar to the Italian migrants described in the above excerpt? A Irish migrants leaving Ireland due to the Potato Famine. B Japanese migrants working seasonal harvest on Hawaii sugar plantations. C Chinese migrants settling in Havana, Cuba. D Migrants from India establishing ethnic enclaves in South Africa.
B
Which of the following is most likely the moral system and code bestowed on China that the Qianlong Emperor refers to here? A Buddhism B Confucianism C Daoism D Christianity
B
Which of the following technologies MOST impacted the lives of Japanese agricultural workers in Hawaii? A Spinning jennies. B Steamships. C Bessemer converters. D Telegraphs. Correct
B
Which of the following was an important direct effect on Africa as a result of the events depicted in the political cartoon? A The sepoy soldiers revolted against British colonial officials. B The Afrikaner-led National Party in South Africa instituted the apartheid policy. C The Ethiopian military tried, unsuccessfully, to resist Italian occupation. D Political unity between the tribes of Rwanda after decolonization.
B
Which of the following would be the best sources for doing historical research of the decisions made by migrants that Thistlethwaite advocates for in this excerpt? A Congressional debates over laws that regulated U.S. immigration. B Letters sent between family members in Europe and the United States. C Records of shipping companies showing ports of departure for immigrants . D U.S. census records showing the place of birth for foreign-born Americans.
B
Which one of the following below would serve as a good heading for a passage associated with the photo? A "Rapid Changes in Gender Roles" B "A More Globalized Economy Takes Shape" C "New Technologies Transform Agriculture" D "The Industrial Revolution Reaches the Caribbean"
B
Why was the British government building a railroad in Kenya at the end of the 19th century? A To help the people of Africa. B To consolidate British imperial power. C To encourage tourism in Africa. D To build an alliance with Kenya.
B
Which one of the following states faced the same kinds of European domination as did the Chinese in the nineteenth century? A Australia B Russia C Japan D The Ottoman Empire
D
A historian would MOST likely read these texts as evidence for which of the following developments in world history? A As white Europeans von Treitschke and Rhodes's supported Anglo-German cooperation. B Both writers were influenced by the international socialism espoused by their contemporary Karl Marx. C Earlier British imperialism influenced German nationalists' support for overseas expansion. D Unlike Rhodes, Von Treitschke was influenced by the results of World War I.
C
A historian would MOST likely use the image in Source 1 AND the data in Source 2 as support for which of the following assertions? A The Germans and the English fiercely competed for territory in sub-Saharan Africa in the 19th century. B Extraction of natural resources motivated Europeans to engage in the "Scramble" for African territory in the 19th century. C Demographic change influenced migration and challenged existing patterns of living in 19th-century Africa. D Railroad construction in Africa dictated the pace of migration of Europeans to Africa in the 19th century.
C
A historian would MOST likely use the sources above as support for which of the following assertions about migration circa 1900? A Europeans migrated in greater numbers than Chinese in the Pacific Ocean region. B Singapore and Panama City encouraged migration and welcomed large populations of Chinese migrants. C Migrants often created ethnic enclaves in different parts of the world that facilitated migrant support networks. D European political leaders decided which areas of the world would accept or reject Chinese migrants.
C
According to the source, the increase in violence in the region known as Yaghistan during the late 19th century is most likely caused by which of the following? A The division of India and Pakistan . B The Boer Wars. C The colonial rule of India by Great Britain. D Religious conflicts between Hindus and Muslims living in India.
C
Based on the photo above, what can one conclude about the migrants who left India for the Caribbean? A Many of the migrants who volunteered to work as indentured servants in the Caribbean came from the lowest levels of the caste system. B It is apparent from the clothing worn by the individuals in the photo that the majority of the migrants were Muslims. C Women constituted a sizable percentage of those encouraged to make the trek to the Caribbean to work on the plantations. D The migrants that came from India had to give up their Indian customs and conform to the cultural norms of the Caribbean.
C
Based on what we know of Cook's voyages and Australia and the description given, on which of Australia's four coasts was this observation made? A North B South C East D West
C
Based on your knowledge of world history, which of the following gave England much of the African continent during this period? A Congress of Vienna. B Council of Trent. C Berlin Conference . D Treaty of Versailles.
C
Based on your knowledge of world history, which of the following was MOST similar to the quilombos of Brazil described in the passage? A The ancient Egyptians incorporated chariot technology into their military after the invasion of the Hyksos. B The Sikhs in northern India incorporated cultural elements of both Hinduism and Islam. C The Seminole in Florida mixed American Indian and African cultural practices. D The Japanese mixed elements of Confucianism and Buddhism with Shinto.
C
During the Age of Imperialism, science bolstered the belief that the white race was superior in which of the following ways? A Scientists used genetic studies to prove that whites were more intelligent. B Scholars argued that writing was first invented by Europeans. C Scientists depicted the white race as more evolved and therefore superior. D Theologians claimed Christianity was more scientific than other religions.
C
Eventually, Great Britain forces China open with the Treaty of Nanjing that ended the Opium Wars. Which of the following quotes from the Qianlong Emperor's letter BEST demonstrates the main cause of that conflict? A "Hitherto, all European nations, including your own country's barbarian merchants, have carried on their trade with our Celestial Empire at Canton." B "Even the European (missionary) officials in my capital are forbidden to hold intercourse with Chinese subjects..." C "But as the tea, silk and porcelain which the Celestial Empire produces, are absolute necessities to European nations and to yourselves..." D "Should your vessels touch the shore, your merchants will assuredly never be permitted to land..."
C
How might a historian use the above source to craft a historical interpretation involving Japanese agricultural workers? A This source supports the argument that the United States economy boomed due to cheap migrant labor. B This source shows that workers benefited economically from migration. C This source explains new changes in migration patterns resulting from the global capitalist economy. D This source demonstrates exploitative working conditions for Japanese migrants.
C
Materials from mines and other raw materials from colonies and territories would be processed and sold back to the colonies or territories at what kind of rate? A Cheaper prices B Break-even prices C Higher prices D They were given back to them as payment for their labor
C
Migration history, as described above, is best understood in the context of which of the following? A European imperialism in Africa. B Indentured labor systems in Asia. C Industrial revolutions in Europe and the United States . D Growth of nationalism in Europe and the United States.
C
The British Empire was FIRST able to strengthen control over India through A putting down the Indian Revolt of 1857. B the defeat of the Mughal Empire. C the East India Company's victory at the battle of Plassey. D the establishment of a foothold in Ceylon.
C
The Chinese commissioner's demands upon Queen Victoria's government most likely were intended to accomplish which of the following? A The coerced migration of Chinese laborers to British colonies in the Americas B The exclusion of Europeans from all trade within Chinese port cities C The eradication of opium within the borders of China D The implementation of Britain's spheres of influence policy
C
The cartoon by Thomas Nast is most clearly an example of which of the following? A European powers fought with nonindustrialized nations over the control of raw materials. B India remained independent from European rule whereas Africa was colonized. C European efforts to colonize the globe to extend their political and economic power over nonindustrialized nations. D The Scramble for Africa where European powers divided and occupied the continent of Africa.
C
The developments illustrated in the photographs above most directly contributed to which of the following political developments in Mexican history? A Mexican legislative program of La Reforma. B Mexican Independence from Spain. C Mexican Revolution . D Mexican signature to NAFTA.
C
The economic activities described in the passage contributed most directly to which of the following during the Industrial Revolution? A The increased economic reliance on feudal agriculture. B The increased populations in natural-resource rich areas. C The increased economic reliance on large-scale farming. D The increased European reliance on slave trade.
C
The ideas expressed by Roy in the passage above most directly contributed to the development of which of the following ideologies among Indian elites? A Economic liberalism B Militarism C Nationalism D Social Darwinism
C
The use of convict labor within the British Empire differed from the one presented above in that A race was never a consideration for the use of coerced labor. B the United States use was considered far more humane. C British convict labor was most prominent in its overseas territory, such as Australia. D the early removal of slavery left its labor forced far more depleted.
C
What is the relationship between slave resistance in territories controlled by the British, French, Spanish, and Portuguese in the New World? A Maroon communities developed in only the territories controlled by the Portuguese due to their harsh treatment of slaves. B Maroon communities developed in mainly the Spanish and Portuguese territories due to how long they existed. C Maroon communities existed in territories controlled by all four due to the presence of slavery. D Maroon communities existed in all the territories except French territories due to their collaborative fur trade.
C
What would be the best explanation for Indian migrations occurring not just in Trinidad, but also in Guyana, Kenya, and South Africa, at the time the photo was taken? A These were all colonies in close proximity to India, making it easier and cheaper for migrants to travel to these locations. B The economies of these colonies were all based exclusively on sugarcane production, for which there was a huge demand for cheap labor. C Trinidad, Guyana, Kenya, and South Africa, like India, were integral parts of the British empire at the time of the photo. D While many British colonies had laws in place that restricted the establishment of indentured servitude, no such restrictions were in place in Trinidad, Guyana, Kenya, and South Africa.
C
Which of the following claims is Thistlethwaite making about how BEST to understand European migration to the US? A Emigration is best understood as the result of push factors. B Europeans' decisions whether or not to migrate were often related to their views of nationalism. C Migration patterns were the sum of many personal decisions which were based on local factors. D Systems of coerced labor determined most emigration decisions.
C
Which of the following later historical developments is MOST similar to the historical trends described in the excerpt? A The settlement of Japanese farmers in the Chinese territory of Manchuria in the 1930s. B The influx of African and Middle Eastern immigrants to European cities between 1980 and 2000. C Migrant workers from Mexico working harvest jobs in California's Central Valley between 1940 and 1970. D Unaccompanied children fleeing from violence in Honduras and immigrating into the United States in the 2010s.
C
Which of the following primary sources would be MOST useful for a historian seeking to support Geary's interpretation? A A map of the locations and sizes of quilombos on the frontiers of Portuguese settlements in Brazil. B A data chart showing the growth or decline of the population of quilombos over time. C Stories passed down through oral tradition describing ceremonies and rituals in the quilombo. D Report of a Portuguese official describing the armed resistance of quilombo populations.
C
Which of the following sources, also from the Middle East, would BEST help a historian to further understand the social trend explained in the above source? A A report from the top regional official of a rural area that includes agricultural data. B A speech by a politician urging the country to adopt more modernization. C A multi-year census of men, women, and children in the different urban and rural regions. D The wage payment records of a company that owns a factory in an urban area.
C
Which of the following technological advances was a central cause of the growth of European colonies in sub-Saharan Africa? A The growth of inter-continental railroads B The construction and use of steamships. C The development of quinine medication. D An increase in communication systems including the telegraph.
C
Which of the following was a direct cause of the wave of migration from the Middle East to Brazil beginning in the late 19th century? A Widespread epidemics in the Middle East led citizens to flee to Brazil. B Religious persecution of Muslims by Ottoman Turks. C Religious persecution of Christians by Ottoman Turks. D Economic downsizing closed factories throughout the Ottoman Empire.
C
Which of the following were most influential in the expansion of European imperialism in Africa and Asia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? A The weakness of indigenous people to yellow fever and malaria. B The entry of Germany, Japan, and the United States to the imperial competition. C Industrial production and new technologies. D Standard policies from the Berlin Conference.
C
sing your knowledge of world history, which of the following statements BEST compares the two sources? A Both sources demonstrate consequences of the Opium Wars. B Both sources demonstrate the connection between global migration and industrialization. C Both sources demonstrate ethnic and racial prejudice. D Both sources demonstrate continuity in social structures.
C
According to Lugard, Europeans in Africa maintain a superior status because A familiarity is an insult among Africans. B respect for those of higher status is deeply ingrained in African culture. C the Bible encourages Christians to set themselves apart from and above others. D superiority will increase the European's influence on Africans and win their respect.
D
All of the following served as challenges to convict labor systems throughout the 20th century EXCEPT A the growth of automation technology. B the emergence of a framework of human rights. C Cold War competitions for the sympathies of decolonized nations. D the inability for coerced labor to compete with free labor.
D
Based on your knowledge of world history and the above sources, which of the following could historians MOST directly conclude about the 19th century Chinese diaspora? A Migrants of various religious groups helped the Chinese establish enclaves. B The Chinese were the diaspora group with the largest number of migrants worldwide. C The growth of the Chinese Diaspora ended in the early 20th century. D Locations central to global trade became prime sites for new communities in the Chinese Diaspora.
D
Based on your knowledge of world history, which of the following conclusions about the 19th and early 20th century can be drawn from the source above? A Droves of people fled poor economic conditions in Brazil. B Coercive labor systems continued the influx of immigrants into Latin America. C Involuntary immigrants were exported from Latin America. D Waves of voluntary immigrants moved to Brazil.
D
Between the 1880s and 1920s, foreign investments affected ordinary Latin Americans in which of the following ways? A Corporate growth spurred a rapidly expanding Latin American middle class. B Like in Europe and the US, the lowering of the cost of goods raised the standard of living of most Latin Americans. C Massive investments made Latin America an industrial powerhouse on par with Western Europe by the beginning of the twentieth century. D Slowed economic development as the profits flowed outside of the region and weak governments could not direct economic policy effectively.
D
Why was the author, J.H. Patterson, surprised by Mombasa? A Because Mombasa had only recently been built by the British. B Because the British were largely unfamiliar with Africa . C Because Mombasa was a Muslim city closed to foreigners. D Because the British had preconceived notions about Africa.
D
Economic relationships like the one described in the passage that are based around raw materials exported from one country to another where it is manufactured or processed are similar to what other trade relationships in the period of 1750-1900? A The tributary system used by China with Korea and Vietnam. B Mongol control of the Silk Road trade routes throughout Eurasia C Communism used by the USSR with the client states D Mercantilism used by the British with the American colonies
D
Race became an important demarcator of convict labor in the United States for all of the following reasons EXCEPT A a long tradition of racialized slave labor. B belief in the superiority of white intellectual capacity. C that its population was predominantly non-white. D the non-white population tended to be the poorest and most at risk for debt.
D
The passage above would be used as evidence to defend which of the following statements? A Imperialism in Africa had a short-term impact by introducing new foods to African diets B Previously imperialized areas in Africa are no longer impacted by agricultural shifts during imperialism. C Imperialism reduced European reliance on importing cash crops to manufacture finished products. D Imperialism in Africa had a long-term impact by shifting African economies from subsistence farming to being export-oriented.
D
Using your knowledge of World History, which of the following historical trends BEST explains the reason Great Britain transported large numbers of criminals to Australia? A 19th-century rebellions and uprisings in Ireland created hatred for the Irish in Great Britain. B Australia's original British colonists faced a labor shortage. C The American Revolution made North America off-limits for convict transport. D Large increases in population put great stress on the prison system.
D
Using your knowledge of world history, the sources above MOST directly reflect which of the following historic trends? A In the 19th Century, new technologies affected demographics. B In the 19th Century, varying environmental conditions led to different outcomes for migrants. C In the 19th Century, migrant settlements suffered disadvantages due to mistreatment by employers and political leaders. D In the 19th Century, states attempted to regulate the flow of people across their borders.
D
What 19th and early 20th-century phenomenon is Neruda most directly criticizing? A Environmental degradation. B Enslavement of native populations. C Governmental corruption. D American economic imperialism.
D
Which of the following BEST describes the pattern of migration for Japanese agricultural workers in Hawaii between 1850 and 1900? A Most Japanese migrated to Hawaii for long-term settlement. B Most Japanese migrated to Hawaii as a first step to migration to the United States. C Most Japanese migrated to Hawaii intending to later gain work as specialized professionals. D Most Japanese migrated to Hawaii on a temporary basis for seasonal work.
D
Which of the following BEST describes the probable purpose of phrases like "inalienable rights"and "would you tax us without representation"? A Convince Americans to annex the Philippines and impose democratic-republicanism. B Inspire Filipinos to resist American Imperialism and establish an independent nation. C Move Filipinos to cooperate with the United States in order to gain the blessings of liberty. D Persuade Americans to support Filipino independence by invoking the ideas of the American Revolution.
D
Which of the following additional sources would be MOST useful in assessing the extent to which the developments reflected in the above sources represented a challenge to existing patterns of living? A A 19th-century political cartoon critiquing European imperialism. B A diary by a Christian missionary living amongst mostly indigenous Africans in a village in Angola in the late 19th century. C Railroad timetables for African routes in the late 19th century. D A data chart showing population in selected regions and cities of Africa from 1800 to 1900.
D
Which of the following conclusions is supported by BOTH primary sources above? A Britain was highly successful in its efforts to convince Africans that British rule had a positive influence in Africa. B British advocates of imperialism consistently emphasized that their primary goal was the education and civilization of "lesser" races. C Britain's primary goal in Africa was the linking of Egypt and South Africa though telegraph lines and British railways. D British rhetoric about Africa stressed that imperialism was a duty, not merely an opportunity.
D
Which of the following imperial states could best be described as an example of economic imperialism rather than a settlement colony? A The Dutch in South Africa. B The French in Algeria. C The British in Oceania. D The French in China.
D
Which of the following is BEST supported by the map and the graph above? A Indentured servants mostly emigrated from the Caribbean and South America. B Indentured servants who migrated from India to Indian Ocean islands did so mostly in the late 1800s. C More indentured servants than slaves migrated in the early nineteenth century. D Most indentured laborers migrated to areas with plantations previously worked by slaves.
D
Which of the following is the most likely source of the data represented in the map and the graph above? A Design schematics for passenger and slave ships. B Narratives written by enslaved and indentured people. C Parliamentary investigations into plantation working conditions. D Records listing passengers and cargoes on ships.
D
Which of the following primary sources would BEST help a historian understand the connection between the biography of Mohandas K. Gandhi and trends in Source 2? A The sales records of Indian merchants in South Africa involved with international trade networks. B A letter from Gandhi to a friend in India regarding the actions of the Indian National Congress (INC). C A diary entry from the British officer in charge of military affairs in the Natal region of South Africa. D Court records from cases in which Gandhi provided legal representation for Indian indentured laborers.
D
Which of the following statements BEST explains Micaela Bastidas role in the Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II? A Túpac Amaru II was an ineffective leader so his wife needed to work behind the scenes to make the rebellion successful. B There were few supporters of Túpac Amaru's rebellion, so they needed women soldiers and leaders to inflate their numbers. C Micaela Bastidas had Spanish ancestry and would thus be more respected and feared by Spanish leaders and troops. D The rebellion was an Indigenous-led resistance movement and Indigenous Andean societies viewed men and women as equals.
D
