Unit 6 Quiz 5

Due to construction of the transcontinental railroad, immigration to the western United States during the 19th Century PRIMARILY involved workers from a) Australia b) China c) India d) Italy

b) China Immigration to the United States during the 19th Century due to construction of a transcontinental railroad PRIMARILY involved workers from China. Due to increased conflict, the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 prohibited immigration from China for ten years, and was extended by the Geary Act in 1892. National origin quotas for immigrants were lifted in 1965.

Which social factor allowed Tammany Hall to become an urban power in the 19th century? a) the poor living conditions of immigrants b) the implementation of the quota immigration system c) the decline in immigration from Eastern European countries d) the increased suffrage rights of African American citizens

a) the poor living conditions of immigrants Tammany Hall was able to develop as a political machine because of the poor living conditions of immigrants. Tammany Hall was one of the political machines that developed to provide social services to immigrant populations that were discriminated against, either officially or unofficially, under US law. It first became a force in the 1790s, was most powerful in the mid-to-late 1800s, but did not officially cease to exist until the 1960s.

The "Know Nothing Party" originated in the mid-19th century New York City as a reaction to the growing number of a) German immigrants b) Chinese immigrants c) Islamic immigrants d) Catholic immigrants

d) Catholic immigrants The "Know Nothing Party" originated in the mid-19th century New York City as a reaction to the growing number of Catholic immigrants. Most of these immigrants were coming from Ireland, though there were some Italian immigrants, as well. The Know Nothings- also known as Nativists- were largely unsuccessful in getting restrictive immigration laws passed.

During the Great Migration, thousands of African Americans looking for economic opportunities moved from a) west to east b) north to west c) west to south d) south to north

d) south to north During the Great Migration, thousands of African Americans looking for economic opportunities moved from south to north. At this time, many African Americans faced racial discrimination in the South. This often resulted in a lack of jobs for African Americans. Many African Americans moved north, hoping to find work in factories or start their own businesses.

Which one of the following was the most significant source of urban population growth from 1890-1920? a) immigration b) the elevator c) elimination of small pox d) the establishment of suburbs

a) immigration While the elevator did allow people to live higher up in cities, it was immigration- specifically the mass exodus from Europe into the U.S.- at this time period that accounted for rapid urban population growth.

Widespread anti-Chinese sentiment in the late-1800s resulted in a) native-born Chinese-Americans having their citizenship revoked b) Congressional action aimed at prohibiting further Chinese immigration c) legal segregation of all Chinese-Americans into separate urban districts d) deportation of all Chinese-Americans living in California, Oregon, and Washington

b) Congressional action aimed at prohibiting further Chinese immigration The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was the Congressional action aimed at prohibiting further Chinese immigration into the United States for a period of ten years. It ended up lasting until the early-1940s.

People arriving in the United States during the period known as "New Immigration" (late 19th through early 20th century), would have been most likely to come from which area of the world? a) China b) Italy c) Japan d) Liberia

b) Italy The period of the 'New Immigration' brought approximately 21 million people from eastern and southern Europe, where Italy is located.

https://www.usatestprep.com/modules/gallery/files/70/7029/7029.jpg Conflict over immigration in the early to mid 19th century erupted in several violent and destructive riots aimed at a) French immigrants b) Polish immigrants c) Catholic immigrants d) Protestant immigrants

c) Catholic immigrants Conflict over immigration in the early to mid 19th century led to several violent and destructive riots aimed at Catholic immigrants. Between 1834 and 1855, several Catholic churches were burned by 'Nativist' groups who opposed the immigration of German, Italian, and Irish Catholics.

How did political machines gather votes in the late 18th century and early 19th century? a) Political machines would help African American women register to vote b) Political machines avoided detection by either state or federal agencies c) Political machines promised social services and jobs in exchange for votes d) Political machines would alter the votes to include those of the deceased

c) Political machines promised social services and jobs in exchange for votes Political machines promised social services and jobs in exchange for votes. Many of the social services help immigrants and poor who would make sure they were reelected. Most political machines existed in big cities in the US.

-"The 'Brains' " -That Achieved The Tammany Victory At The Rochester Democratic Convention This cartoon by Thomas Nast was protesting the actions of a) the greed of Andrew Carnegie b) the actions of union organizers c) Abraham Lincoln's corruption charges d) "Boss Tweed" in New York City politics

d) "Boss Tweed" in New York City politics The cartoon is lampooning the corruption of "Boss Tweed" in New York City politics. William Tweed was a New York politician who used his influence to turn much of the city government into his own personal system. Nast routinely criticized him for this corruption, depicting him here as only having money for brains. Tweed was so intimidated by Nast that he offered Nast hundreds of thousands of dollars to stop drawing him. Nast refused.

"The New Colossus" by Emma Lazarus Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. "Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" What is significant about the context this poem? a) This was the quote for all new immigrants b) This poem encouraged people of all nations to leave the U.S c) Emma Lazarus was selected to be the first Poet Laureate of the U.S d) The poem was engraved on a plaque and placed on the Statue of Liberty

d) The poem was engraved on a plaque and placed on the Statue of Liberty The poem was engraved on a plaque and placed on the Statue of Liberty. The Statue of Liberty, which stands at the gateway into New York, was the first sight many immigrants saw as they entered Ellis Island, and began their new lives as Americans.

Though the door to 19th-century Asian immigration was almost closed on the West Coast, where did European immigrants tend to settle? a) New York b) California c) Southern cities d) cities in the East and Midwest

d) cities in the East and Midwest Due to the Anti-Chinese movement, Asian immigration was severely limited. However, European immigrants still found many urban opportunities and challenges in the cities in the East and Midwest.

Immigrants from southern Europe who arrived in the U.S. during the late-19th and early-20th century tended to settle in a) the West b) the South c) the Midwest d) the Northeast

d) the Northeast The Northeast, particularly New York and New Jersey, became the destination for many people from southern Europe, especially Italy.

In 1882, Congress passed an "exclusion act" which prevented the immigration of workers from what country for 10 years? a) China b) Ireland c) Japan d) Mexico

a) China The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was passed because of nativist outcries that Americans were going jobless because of Chinese immigrant labor. While this act did not call for deportations, it did neglect the benefits reaped by past Chinese labor, particularly during the Gold Rush and the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad.

Who was the leader of the infamous Tammany Hall political machine in New York City who was accused and convicted of stealing millions of dollars from the New York state treasury? a) William Tweed b) George Briggs c) Thomas Whitney d) Chester Arthur

a) William Tweed William Tweed was convicted of stealing money from the New York Treasury. He was the leader of the Tweed Ring who was believed to steal approximately $25 million.

In the late 1800's and early 1900's, why did most immigrants to the United States settle in urban areas? a) the ready availability of industrial jobs b) immigrants were not allowed to buy farmland c) labor unions provided free housing in the cities d) government restrictions required immigrants to settle in cities

a) the ready availability of industrial jobs In the late 1800's and early 1900's, urban areas of the United States attracted thousands of immigrants because of the ready availability of industrial jobs. Industrial centers of the Northeast, like New York, Boston, and Pittsburgh experienced a population boom during this era.

https://www.usatestprep.com/modules/gallery/files/79/7935/7935.jpg Which of these groups would be MOST likely to support the sentiments expressed in this nineteenth-century advertising label of "Boss" Tweed? a) the urban poor b) African Americans c) female suffragettes d) muckraker journalists

a) the urban poor The sentiments expressed in this advertising label would most likely be supported by the urban poor. The urban poor, often consisting of immigrant populations, formed the power base for political machines. This advertising label is noteworthy because it represents a gesture of public and unequivocal support for a local political system that was considered illegal by many reformers.

Which of these immigrant groups formed the constituent base for the political machines of "Boss" Tweed, James Curley, Richard Daley, and Tom Pendergast? a) German b) Irish c) Lithuanian d) Mexican

b) Irish The political machines of "Boss" Tweed, James Curley, Richard Daley, and Tom Pendergast drew support from the Irish population in urban centers. The Irish immigrant population saw political machines as a way of gaining a voice and much-needed social services in a society that was highly discriminatory.

Which political cartoonist exposed William Tweed in the New York Times? a) Herb Block b) Thomas Nast c) Upton Sinclair d) Horatio Alger

b) Thomas Nast Thomas Nast was a political cartoonist who frequently exposed Tweeds actions which pushed for investigations. Thomas Nast was a cartoonist for Harpers Weekly.

During the early 20th Century, increased immigration, industrialization, and urbanization led to a) a period of economic recession and high unemployment rates b) a period of considerable economic growth in the United States c) increased American expansion overseas to secure natural resources d) increased warfare against the Native Americans on the western frontier

b) a period of considerable economic growth in the United States During the early 20th Century, increased immigration, industrialization, and urbanization led to a period of considerable economic growth in the United States. Between 1870 and 1900, the population of U.S. cities tripled, businesses thrived, and workers earned higher salaries.

All of these were problems created by late 19th century urbanization EXCEPT a) a need for city planning b) a shortage of factory workers c) a lack of adequate transportation d) a need for an adequate water supply

b) a shortage of factory workers A shortage of factory workers was not a problem created by urbanization. In fact, most factories were originally located in major cities.

One effect of industrialization in the United States in the late-19th century was a) a decrease in child labor b) an increase in urbanization c) increased reliance on imported raw materials d) increased migration from urban to rural areas

b) an increase in urbanization One effect of industrialization in the United States in the late 19th century was an increase in urbanization. Between 1870 and 1900, the population of U.S. cities tripled, and by 1920 nearly half of the nation's population lived in urban areas.

In the second half of the 19th century, the U.S. government allowed more immigrants into the country MAINLY because a) more soldiers were needed in the American military b) industries needed an increasing amount of cheap labor c) the World War in Europe was causing millions to flee their homelands d) western territories needed more settlers to explore for gold and silver

b) industries needed an increasing amount of cheap labor Because industries needed an increasing amount of cheap labor, more immigrants were allowed in the late 19th century America. Most came from central, southern, and eastern Europe, settling in big cities which were home to growing numbers of factories.

"The Irishman is the true cosmopolitan immigrant. All-pervading, he shares his lodging with perfect impartiality with the Italian, the Greek, and the "Dutchman"... A map of the city, colored to designate nationalities, would show more stripes than on the skin of a zebra, and more colors than any rainbow. The city on such a map would fall into two great halves, green for the Irish prevailing in the West Side tenement districts, and blue for the Germans on the East Side. But intermingled with these ground colors would be an odd variety of tints... Between the dull gray of the Jew, his favorite color, and the Italian red, would be seen squeezed in on the map a sharp streak of yellow, marking the narrow boundaries of Chinatown. Dovetailed in with the German population, the poor but thrifty Bohemian might be picked out by the sombre hue of his life as of his philosophy, struggling against heavy odds in the big human bee-hives of the East Side. Colonies of his people extend northward, with long lapses of space, from below the Cooper Institute more than three miles." -from How the Other Half Lives, by Jacob A. Riis, 1890 Which event BEST supports the author's claim that the Irish were a powerful group in New York? a) the founding of the Henry Street Settlement b) the rise of the Tammany Hall political machine c) the beginning of the Second Wave of immigration d) the formation of the American Protective Association

b) the rise of the Tammany Hall political machine The rise of the Tammany Hall political machine was the best demonstration of the power of Irish immigrants in New York. This organization helped to empower thousands of New Yorkers, mainly Irish Catholic immigrants, in the late 1800s.

Which statement about immigration to the United States is MOST accurate? a) Nearly all immigrants have easily assimilated into American culture b) The ethnic mix of immigrants to the United States has remained mostly unchanged c) The desire for economic advancement has been a major reason for immigration to the United States d) The number of immigrants has remained constant in each decade during most of United States history

c) The desire for economic advancement has been a major reason for immigration to the United States Throughout the history of the nation, the desire for economic advancement has been a major reason for immigration to the United States. Millions of immigrants have come here seeking economic opportunities, access to land or jobs, or an escape from the rigid socioeconomic class structure of their homelands.

A "nativist" of the late-1800s would have been MOST likely to support a) expanding American influence b) then ending of all "Jim Crow" laws c) a ban on immigration to the United States d) wars against American Indians in the west

c) a ban on immigration to the United States A "nativist" of the late-1800s would have been MOST likely to support a ban on immigration to the United States. Nativism can be characterized as a belief in the stressing of the ways and cultures of the native domestic population, while wanting to prevent new groups of people from living in that particular region or country. Nativism was not uncommon in late-1800s and early-1900s America.

"The Irishman is the true cosmopolitan immigrant. All-pervading, he shares his lodging with perfect impartiality with the Italian, the Greek, and the "Dutchman"... A map of the city, colored to designate nationalities, would show more stripes than on the skin of a zebra, and more colors than any rainbow. The city on such a map would fall into two great halves, green for the Irish prevailing in the West Side tenement districts, and blue for the Germans on the East Side. But intermingled with these ground colors would be an odd variety of tints... Between the dull gray of the Jew, his favorite color, and the Italian red, would be seen squeezed in on the map a sharp streak of yellow, marking the narrow boundaries of Chinatown. Dovetailed in with the German population, the poor but thrifty Bohemian might be picked out by the sombre hue of his life as of his philosophy, struggling against heavy odds in the big human bee-hives of the East Side. Colonies of his people extend northward, with long lapses of space, from below the Cooper Institute more than three miles." -from How the Other Half Lives, by Jacob A. Riis, 1890 What factor of nineteenth-century city life is implied by the author's use of the term "colonies"? a) the crowding of large groups into urban areas b) the Americanization of people from many cultures c) the creation of ethnically exclusive neighborhoods d) the expression of traditions through visual displays

c) the creation of ethnically exclusive neighborhoods Through his descriptions of the city sections as "colonies," the author is remarking on the creation of ethnically exclusive neighborhoods that occurred in many of the largest American cities in the 1800s.

Upon arrival to the United States in the early 1900s, where were Chinese immigrants usually processed? a) Charleston b) Los Angeles c) Ellis Island in New York Harbor d) Angel Island in San Francisco Bay

d) Angel Island in San Francisco Bay Most Chinese immigrants were processed at Angel Island in San Francisco Bay compared to their European counterparts who were typically processed at Ellis Island.

Which group of immigrants poured into the United States between 1890 and 1920? a) Scandinavians and Germans b) Irish, Spanish, and Italian c) English, Scottish, and Welsh d) Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe

d) Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe Most immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe at this time period. Most people from the other groups came in the decades (and centuries) before.

-Assimilation -Blending together -Common Culture Which phrase accurately describes the American people based on the characteristics in this list? a) coexistence b) multiculturalism c) Salad Bowl Theory d) Melting Pot Theory

d) Melting Pot Theory The Melting Pot Theory refers to the belief that as a nation of immigrants, our citizens have assimilated and blended to create a common culture. We have created common institutions such as family, education, and religion.

The "New Immigration" to the United States in the late-nineteenth century refers to the increased numbers of people arriving from a) East Asia b) South America c) Northern Europe d) Southern Europe

d) Southern Europe This period of immigration was characterized by people coming from Southern Europe. People leaving Italy, Greece, and the Balkan areas were most likely to be coming into the United States at this time.

Critics of the "New Immigration" of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries opposed a minimum wage because a) factories would refuse to hire immigrant laborers b) the immigrants were generally wealthier than American citizens c) they believed immigrants took farmland from native-born Americans d) immigrants generally would work for less money than American citizens

d) immigrants generally would work for less money than American citizens Since it was not uncommon for many to live in one dwelling, immigrants generally would work for less money than American citizens. Therefore, employers were more than willing to give them jobs over non-immigrants.

The Know-Nothing Party became successful for a brief period because a) it opposed the United States' entry into World War I b) it was successful in two presidential campaigns in the 1840's c) it attracted wide support among large numbers of German and Irish immigrants d) it opposed increased immigration and supported increased requirements for citizenship

d) it opposed increased immigration and supported increased requirements for citizenship The Know-Nothing Party became successful during the 1840s and 1850s because it opposed increased immigration and supported increased requirements for citizenship. This was during an era of intense anti-foreign feeling in the United States.

In an effort to deal with an increasing number of immigrants, in 1892 the U.S. government a) banned all immigrants into the country b) required all immigrants to speak English c) reduced the number of years required to become a U.S. citizen d) opened an immigration station on Ellis Island in New York City

d) opened an immigration station on Ellis Island in New York City In 1892, the Federal government opened an immigration station on Ellis Island in New York City. The island had been used for such purposes earlier, but Federal monies allowed greater expansion to handle the numbers of immigrants flowing in the the country.

During the late 19th century, urban political "machines" and those that ran them a) were only members of the Democratic Party b) were nearly always first generation Americans c) supported women's suffrage and equal rights for African-Americans in the "Jim Crow" South. d) promised business contracts, government jobs, and money for the poor immigrants in exchange for votes

d) promised business contracts, government jobs, and money for the poor immigrants in exchange for votes Political machines, such as the "Tammany Hall" and "Boss Tweed" scandals, took place regardless of political party or citizenship status. Theses machines routinely promised-and delivered- business contracts, government jobs, and money for the poor immigrants in exchange for votes.

What was the purpose of the "Gentlemen's Agreement"? a) to increase the number of Asian immigrants b) to increase the number of skilled immigrants c) to ban all Mexican immigrants except for agricultural workers needed for seasonal farming d) to limit the number of Japanese unskilled emigrants in exchange for the repeal of the San Francisco segregation order

d) to limit the number of Japanese unskilled emigrants in exchange for the repeal of the San Francisco segregation order The purpose of the Gentlemen's Agreement was to limit the number of Japanese unskilled emigrants in exchange for the repeal of the San Francisco segregation order. The San Francisco school board had segregated Japenese students by placing them in separate schools. Theodore Roosevelt worked out a Gentlemen's Agreement with Japan, who had protested the segregation.

Late-19th Century immigration to the United States would not have been possible without a) electricity b) European wars c) transatlantic flight d) transatlantic steamships

d) transatlantic steamships Transatlantic steamships moving across the Atlantic from Europe to the United States made transportation much faster, though many of those coming to this country did so in less-than-ideal conditions. Practical air travel was still a century away.

Businessmen during the Gilded Age of the late 19th century often favored relaxed immigration laws because they a) remembered their immigrant heritage b) were advocates of multicultural education c) were supporters of the Temperance Movement d) valued cheap and relatively unskilled labor

d) valued cheap and relatively unskilled labor Industry often employed immigrants, women, and children because the factories valued cheap and relatively unskilled labor. This reduced their production costs.