Unit 7/9 Exam AP Environmental Science

Which of the following represents a positive feedback loop in the Arctic that is associated with anthropogenic climate change?

Arctic Ocean ice melts -> ocean surface water temperature increases -> more ice melts

Which of the following substances is released by CFC's and catalyzes a chain reaction that breaks down ozone in the upper atmosphere?

Chlorine

Which of the following is a greenhouse gas that comes only from human sources?

Chlorofluorocarbons

Global warming is most likely to directly cause which of the following?

Coastal flooding and submersion of low-lying areas

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of the greenhouse effect in Earth's atmosphere?

Infrared radiation from Earth's surface is absorbed by gases in the atmosphere.

An electricity company wants to lower the amount of fine particles like dust, smoke, soot, and ash before the particles leave smokestack. Which of the following would be the best addition to the power plant to accomplish this?

Install electrostatic precipitators

What important phenomenon that often plays a role in air pollution episodes is illustrated in the diagram above?

Inversion

Which type of air pollutant is typically implicated in human neurological damage?

Lead

The presence of which of the following in soil is most likely to neutralize acid rain?

Limestone

Which of the following is a gaseous decay product of uranium that is found in rocks?

Radon

A coal burning power plant is located on a lake. The citizens of the town are concerned that the power plant might be doing harm to the organisms living in the lake by increasing acid levels in the lake. Which of the following would be the best way to test and see if the citizen's concerns are valid?

Test the pH levels in the lake to see if it is elevated.

Acid rain is associated with which of the following?

The burning of fossil fuels

Many scientists maintain that a rise in sea level has occurred in the last hundred years as a result of global warming. If this is true, which of the following factors best explains such a rise?

Thermal expansion of the ocean

Which of the following is true about the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 ?

They allowed power plants to buy and sell SO2 pollution allowances.

Based on the diagram below, which of the following best describes why pollution tends to be trapped near the ground during a thermal inversion?

Warm, less dense air moves over dense, cold air over a city and traps the pollution near the ground.

Water vapor is a greenhouse gas and is produced by burning fossil fuels. However, anthropogenic water vapor does not contribute significantly to global warming because water vapor

has a short residence time in the atmosphere

Ground-level ozone in most major United States cities results primarily from

motor-vehicle exhaust

The spread of infectious diseases is expected to increase with climate change, mainly because

warmer temperatures allow disease-carrying insects to survive in areas that were once too cold