UNIT 8: AMERICAS

Cultures living along North America's Pacific coast: A)Took advantage of abundant ocean resources. B)Refused to trade with people living inland. C)Did not settle in villages; they remained nomadic throughout the pre-Columbian period. D)Supported their growing populations primarily through farming.

A

Pachacuti is credited with the expansion of which empire? A)The Incan Empire B)The Aztec Empire C)The Olmec Empire D)The Mayan Empire

A

Regarding early agriculture in Mesoamerica: A)Mesoamericans developed maize as an early staple food crop. B)Early settlers grew wheat and barley. C)Mesoamericans used horses to plow agricultural fields and thus had high crop yields. D)Early settlers developed agriculture after 300 CE.

A

The Inca were associated with all of the following things EXCEPT which one? A)The Tello Obelisk B)The mummification of the Incan nobility. C)The Sun Temple built in honor of the God Inti. All Incan rulers claimed descent from Inti. D)A revered class of accla women.

A

The Moche are known for: A)Their murals that explored themes like creation, combat, sacrifice, and men-jaguars. B)The hunting of big game, including bison. C)Being conquered by the Spanish in the 16th century CE (1500s CE). D)Being the first Mesoamerican civilization.

A

The ayllu kinship system offered the Inca all of the following advantages EXCEPT: A)The Inca used the ayllus to rejected outsiders. The Inca used all outsiders as human sacrifices to protect themselves from famine and death. B)The ayllu system had rules about marriage that bound the community together. C)Ayllus had built-in labor obligations so people contributed their services to the state. D)The ayllu system allowed the ruler to increase his power and legitimacy by performing certain rituals.

A

The cultivation of "maize de ocho" and pithouses are associated with which region? A)The Southwest of what is now the United States B)Mesoamerica C)The Eastern Woodlands D)The Andean Highlands

A

Which city and state are correctly paired? A)Chan Chan and the Chimu Kingdom B)La Venta and the Aztec Empire C)Teotihuacán and the Incan Empire D)Cahokia and Chaco Anasazi

A

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the Norte Chico civilization? A)Aspero was its capital city. B)Scholars studying the civilization have not found any evidence of conflict or warfare. C)Its large sites had residential complexes, plazas, and platform mounds. D)It developed along the Pacific coast.

A

By 550 CE, all of the following were features of Teotihuacán EXCEPT: A)Teotihuacán had an active marketplace. B)The homes in Teotihuacán were constructed primarily of mud. C)Teotihuacán had the equivalent of neighborhoods with houses laid out on a rough grid and many homes organized into apartment compounds. D)Teotihuacán collected tribute from surrounding areas.

B

Farmers in Mesoamerica first cultivated all of the following crops EXCEPT: A)squash B)peas C)corn D)beans

B

Manchu Picchu A)Was destroyed by an earthquake in 1403 CE. B)Was likely built during the reign of Pachacuti and used as a royal retreat. C)Was a large city that housed approximately 250,000 people. D)Was likely the capital city of the Inca.

B

The cities of Teotihuacán and Tenochtitlán were similar in ALL of the following ways EXCEPT: A)They both collected tribute from surrounding areas. B)They were founded at approximately the same time, in the 14th century CE (1300s CE). C)They were large; each had a population over 100,000 people. D)They were both in Mesoamerica.

B

Which kind of source is very abundant in the Andes? These ________ are a great aid to scholars who study the history of the Andes. A)Personal diaries B)Artifacts C)State libraries D)Paintings on tree bark

B

Which of the following civilizations had its capital city in the Andes Mountains? A)The Maya B)The Inca C)The Olmec D)The Aztec

B

All of the following occurred during the Formative Period in Chiapas EXCEPT: A)People living on the Pacific coast of Chiapas interacted with people living along the Gulf Coast as indicated by the sharing of items made of obsidian, shell, jade, and iron. B)Large urban centers emerged before 300 CE. C)Farmers began to use bronze tools. D)A social hierarchy began to develop

C

Archeological findings show that ______________________ predated [came before] the Olmec production of monumental sculptures. Archeologists have dated this particular development to approximately 1650 BCE. A)The creation of the Olmec empire B)The burial of Olmec elites in large mounds C)The production of stone effigy bowls D)The construction of sophisticated temples

C

Around 10,000 years ago, Mesoamericans began to cultivate squash as both a food source and ___________________. A)For religious rituals. B)For constructing their homes. C)To use as storage containers. D)To make fishing threads.

C

Considering North America, what about Maiz de Ocho made it the key to the growth of sedentary villages across the Southwest? A)It grows well in wetlands. B)It has a long growing cycle. C)It yields larger kernels that were more easily milled. D)It is disease resistant.

C

Examining Cahokia demonstrates the prevalence of which practice in the Eastern Woodlands of North America? A)The creation of huacas or sacred places. B)The use of chinampa. C)Mound building. D)Coca farming.

C

How were kivas used at the larger Chaco Canyon sites? A)They were a type of pottery used for storage. B)Used to hoe corn, these farming tools increased crop yields. C)Individual kin groups used them as gathering places. D)They were roads that connected neighboring communities.

C

In the Late Classic Period, how did the Maya support their large populations? A)They colonized islands in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea because these islands were more agriculturally productive than the Yucatán Peninsula. B)They relied on hunting and gathering, which was less labor intensive than farming. C)They engineered their landscape to build large water management projects and terraced hillsides. D)They used large animals as draft (draught) labor to pull plows and spread fertilizer.

C

Overall this chapter asserts: A)European records and Hollywood have accurately portrayed the ritual of human sacrifice. B)Cultural similarities link all of the cultures of the Americas in the pre-Colombian period. C)In the pre-Colombian period, peoples of the Americas built hundreds of cities, supported large populations, and founded two of the most impressive empires that the world has ever known. D)In the pre-Colombian period, peoples of the Americas lacked agriculture and systems of writing, but they developed sophisticated religious rituals and new artistic traditions.

C

The Huari relied on all of the following techniques EXCEPT which one to rule over more territory than any other previous Andean polity? A)A vast network of roads. B)Distributing goods (including sacred items) to neighboring groups. C)Terror campaigns. D)Feasts and religious ceremonies.

C

The Olmecs are best known for: A)Establishing the Hopewell Culture. B)Building their capital city in the Andes Mountains. C)Their construction of monumental stone sculptures, including colossal heads. D)Serving as the "mother culture" for the Aztecs.

C

What caused Teotihuacán's decline in the seventh century (600s CE)? A)Teotihuacán's priestly class left the city in the seventh century due to the spread of new diseases. B)An earthquake demolished the Pyramid of the Sun. Thereafter, the city lost its legitimacy as a spiritual center and was abandoned in the seventh century. C)Internal uprisings coupled with external rebellions likely contributed to the city's decline. D)Invading Toltec forces destroyed the city in 642 CE.

C

All of the following were early civilizations in Mesoamerica EXCEPT which one? A)The Maya B)The Olmec C)The Aztec D)The Moche

D

All of the following were features of Teotihuacán EXCEPT: A)The Pyramid of the Sun, built over a sacred cave associated with Maya creation myths, was the largest building in Teotihuacán. B)By 550 CE, Teotihuacán had a population of 125,000 and was one of the six largest cities in the world. C)By 550 CE, Teotihuacán covered more than 20 square kilometers. D)Teotihuacán was an isolated city and a site of religious pilgrimage for the Maya.

D

Cahokia is associated with: A)The Great Bison Belt. B)The Aztec Empire. C)The Inca. D)North American mound builders.

D

Describe the environment of the "Great Bison Belt." A)It was wetland swamp. B)It was alpine tundra. C)It was tropical rainforest. D)It was arid grassland.

D

How did the location of Chavín de Huanta impact its development? A)Its position along a seacoast meant that its people relied on fishing and did not develop agriculture. B)It built on an isolated desert plateau, which meant it developed self-sufficiency. C)It was located in the jungle, leading to cultivation in a forested environment. D)It was midway between the coast and the jungle, giving it access to the culture and resources of the greater Andean region.

D

In general, during the Formative Period in Mesoamerica ALL of the following occurred EXCEPT: A)Trade linked adjacent regions. B)The beginnings of urbanization. C)The emergence of social differentiation. D)The creation of large armies.

D

Which culture formed the first state in Mesoamerica? A)The Aztecs B)The Toltecs C)The Mayas D)The Olmecs

D

Which of the following statements BEST describes the Incan military? A)The Incas had a weak army. Therefore, they were unable to extend their empire beyond its capital at Cuzco. B)The Incan military was devoted to siege warfare. It surrounded neighboring cities, cut them off from their supplies, and then slowly starved them into submission. C)The Incas lacked a military. They effectively used diplomacy to cement their rule over neighboring peoples. Therefore, they didn't need a military. D)The Incas had an effective army that wore light armor. Two of the strengths of their army were their ability to use the landscape to their advantage and their mobility.

D

Which of the following was NOT associated with Hopewell culture? A)Mound building. B)A large zone of exchange that extended across much of eastern North America. C)Burials with "grave goods" including spear points, stone pipes, and sculptures of animals and human hands. D)Hunting bison.

D