Unit 8 Retake

Which scientist challenged Newtonian beliefs about the laws of motion and gravity in the General Theory of Relativity?

Albert Einstein

Use the table below to answer the question. Territorial Expansion by Totalitarian Regimes Country Action Japan Manchuria taken over Germany ? Which action best completes this comparison?

Austria annexed

Which of the following answers is the correct chronological order of events during the Russian Revolution?

Bloody Sunday, World War I, Tsar Nicholas's abdication, assassination of the Romanov family

How are Japan's invasion of China and Germany's invasion of Western Europe similar?

Both of the invading countries sought to gain territory through military force.

Use the information to answer the question. During Josef Stalin's first Five-Year Plan, wealthy farming families known as kulaks were deported to Siberia for refusing to surrender their lands to governmental control. This action was an example of which Soviet domestic program?

Collectivization

What was a result of the Potsdam Conference?

German territory was divided into occupation zones.

Which two countries were parties to the 1939 Non-Aggression Pact?

Germany and the Soviet Union

Which event best completes this diagram?

Great depression

Which statement describes the main accomplishment by Josef Stalin in the 1920s?

He organized the industrialization of the Soviet Union's economy.

How did Adolf Hitler become chancellor of Germany?

He was appointed by the president.

Which statement accurately describes the 1939 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact?

It allowed Germany to postpone having to fight a war on two fronts.

What was the major consequence of the March Revolution of 1917?

It forced Tsar Nicholas II to abdicate the throne.

Which country annexed Ethiopia in 1936 for colonial purposes?

Italy

Which nations adopted a fascist system of government before World War II?

Italy and Germany

Which term refers to the coordinated attack by Nazis against Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues throughout Germany in 1938?

Kristallnacht

Use the list below to answer the question. • Pursue truth. • Never use violence. • Try to win an enemy to your side. • Expect change to take time. The philosophy in this list is best exemplified by which example?

Mahatma Gandhi's work to remove British authority from India

Which of the following directly resulted in Benito Mussolini's coming to power in Italy?

Mussolini led the March on Rome.

Which World War II battle involved the greatest mobilization of land and sea forces?

Normandy

Which statement best completes this table? Democratic System Authoritarian System Freedom of the press Extensive use of censorship Competing political parties Minimal political party participation Protection of individual rights ?

Preservation of the state

Which effect best completes this diagram?

Rise of the Bolshevik Party

Which scientist theorized that human behavior is irrational and motivated by pleasure-seeking drives?

Sigmund Freud

The Kuomintang, China's nationalist party, was led by

Sun Yat Sen.

What post-World War I artistic movement was greatly influenced by Freud's theories about the unconscious mind?

Surrealism

What 1942 naval victory was the turning point for the Allies in the Pacific?

The Battle of Midway

Which 1944 victory turned the tide of World War Two in favor of the Allies in Europe?

The Normandy landing

Use the list below to answer the question. Great Britain After World War II • Lower industrial productivity • Infrastructure devastated by war • Loss of colonies How did the changes represented in this list influence world affairs?

The United States emerged as the dominant global power.

Which statement best describes U.S.-Japanese relations in the years leading up to World War II?

The United States instituted trade restrictions to counter Japanese expansion.

What was one result of Josef Stalin's leadership in the Soviet Union?

The government issued newspaper licenses.

Use the information to answer the question. A Soviet citizen living under Stalin's rule had all aspects of life monitored and controlled by a centralized authority. This is an example of

Totalitarianism

Which event best replaces the question mark in this sequence? Russia 1917-1918 • Czar Nicholas II abdicated Russian Imperial throne • ? • Bolsheviks seized power and became the Communist Party • Russia signed a peace treaty with the Central Powers

Vladimir Lenin returned to lead the Russian Revolution

Who was the Prime Minister of Great Britain during World War II?

Winston Churchill

Use the map below to answer the question. Which of these best describes the Iron Curtain? Standard

a political division that separated Soviet-controlled countries from Western Europe

Which policy did Neville Chamberlain adopt in 1939 as a response to Nazi aggression?

appeasement

How was the economy of the former Soviet Union controlled?

by Communist Party officials

In order to strengthen the economy of the Soviet Union, Lenin's New Economic Policy allowed a moderate degree of which one of the following?

capitalism

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. The foundation . . . is the conception of the State, its character, its duty, and its aim. . . . [It] conceives of the State as an absolute, in comparison with which all individuals or groups are relative, only to be conceived of in their relation to the State. —Benito Mussolini, 1932 This excerpt describes a government that would

control the economy.

Which characteristic of government is most associated with fascism?

creation of one-party dictatorships

Which strategy did Adolf Hitler use to gain control over Germany?

eliminating political opposition

Extreme nationalism combined with militarism and rule by a single dictator best defines the concept of

fascism

During World War II, the Soviet Union urged its allies to launch a military offensive against Germany from Western Europe. The main purpose of this request was to

force Germany to fight on two major fronts.

How did Nazi leaders address the concern expressed by Goebbels? The Jewish question is again giving us a headache; this time, however, not because we have gone too far, but because we are not going far enough. Among large sections of the German people the idea is gaining headway that the Jewish question cannot be regarded as solved until all Jews have left the Reich. —Joseph Goebbels, 1942

implementation of the Final Solution

What was the purpose of this announcement by Hitler? "I hereby and above all annul the signatures extorted from a weak and impotent Government against its better knowledge, confessing Germany's responsibility for the late war." —Adolph Hitler announcing his rejection of the Versailles Treaty (March 1935)

justification for the rearmament of the German military

Which action demonstrated Adolf Hitler's intention to take an aggressive stance in international affairs?

occupation of the Rhineland

Which issue was resolved by the "Big Three" during the Yalta Conference?

planning for the post-war occupation of Germany

Japan's invasion of Manchuria was based in part on a belief in

racial superiority.

Which event was a main cause of the Petrograd Uprising that began the Russian Revolution?

severe food shortages

Factory workers in Russia's 1917 industrial economy embraced which one of the following concepts in order to improve their lives?

socialism

Which one of the following events led to Adolf Hitler's arrest and imprisonment in 1923?

the Beer Hall Putsch

The Brown Shirts were a paramilitary organization associated with

the Nazi movement.

Use the map below to answer the question. Which World War II-era agreement does this map reflect?

the Nazi-Soviet Pact

It is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law . . . —The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 Which event inspired the United Nations to draft of the Declaration of Human Rights in 1948?

the atrocities of the Holocaust during World War II

Which event was a major step in Adolf Hitler's rise to power in the early 1930s?

the burning of the Reichstag

What was the primary purpose of the United Nations?

to create a diplomatic forum to achieve peace

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. On May 14, 1955, the Soviet Union institutionalized its East European alliance system . . . when it met with representatives from Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania . . . to sign the multilateral Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance . . . —"Country Studies," Federal Research Division, Library of Congress What was the purpose for assembling these representatives?

to form the Warsaw Pact

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. ARTICLE ONE Both Contracting Parties undertake to maintain peaceful and friendly relations between them and mutually respect the territorial integrity . . . of the other Contracting Party. ARTICLE TWO Should one of the Contracting Parties become the object of hostilities on the part of one or several third powers, the other Contracting Party will observe neutrality throughout the duration of the conflict. —Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pact, April 13, 1941 Why did the Japanese seek the neutrality pact cited above?

to keep the Soviet Union out of the war in Asia

Allied leaders discussed each of the following topics during the Teheran and Yalta conferences except

whether to use the atomic bomb against Japan.