Unit 8 US History Review
Rosie the Riveter
A classic example of how all citizens were encouraged to assist in the war effort (this being a big promotion for women to help out in war production).
Taft-Hartley Act (1947):
Judges could end strikes, oath of 'not Communist', no 'closed-shops'
What impact did the mandate have on the region shown? *
Led to immediate conflicts between the jewish, palestinians, and israel.
Automation:
Machines that could perform industrial jobs faster than human workers
characteristics of soviet union
One Party Rule Suppression of Religion, Force to put down opposition State Run Economy
disarmament
Reducing the size of a country's military
Show how the 2 theaters of World War II were fought differently by explaining a battle from each.
The European theater of war was fought on land in the Eastern Hemisphere and the Pacific and Asian theater of war was fought on water because it was between Japan and the U.S. A battle from the European theater was Stalingrad where the soviets surrounded the German territory and used military tanks to attack and eventually bring them to victory and a battle from the Pacific theater was the Battle of Midway where they wanted to crush the U.S Pacific fleet by using warships.
With the Soviets and the U.S. competing for influence over other countries post World War II - what exactly were they hoping to achieve or gain? pg. 838:
The Soviet Union and the United States both wanted to achieve international dominance. They were hoping to gain powerful economic and political influence over the world.
What were the U.S. fears in regards to the Warsaw Pact?
The U.S thought they were going to take over in communist ways and threaten their ways of life.
What was the U.S. plan/hope behind this investment? *
The U.S way to provide money to allies in different countries in Europe and in exchange they would have influence over them.
What was the ruling in regards to the quote given by many at the Nuremberg trials? *
The courts decided they needed to be held responsible for what they did.
Which fear of the U.S. is being made fun of in this image?
The fear that any of the people in the U.S could be potential spies for Japan.
Potsdam Conference (1945) -
Truman(U.S.), Churchill(Britain), Stalin (Soviet Union) met to decide the fate of Germany, Japan, and the rest of the world.
Baby Boom
soaring birth rates (30 million) in the 1950's
United Nations (1945)
- International organization addressing political and military problems.
McCarthyism
- use all means to stop and condemn Communist activities in the United States
What are females being encouraged to do?
-Females are being encouraged to step up and work at home while the men are away fighting in the war.
which of the following are characteristics of a Communist country.
1 party rule No oppositions State run economy
Kellogg-Briand Pact (1927):
62 Countries signed a pact to outlaw war except for self defense purposes(nobody to enforce it though)
isolationism
: A withdrawal from foreign affairs
Holocaust
: Nazi's systematic elimination of European Jews
how was automation the biggest change in technology post WWll
Automation was the biggest change in technology post WWII because it helped increase war production for the cold war and allowed for more people to go fight in the war since these machines replaced workers.
Modern Republicanism (1952) -
Concept under President Eisenhower "conservative with money, but liberal when it comes to human beings".
genocide
Deliberate annihilation of a group of people.
characteristics of US
Democratic Government Individual Freedoms Capitalistic Economy
Committee on Civil Rights (1947):
Found widespread discrimination in most regions, in most areas of life. Federal government enforced some change.
Remember a big reason why Germany lost World War I was due to fighting on two sides/fronts? In one sentence explain who Germany had to fight with on both sides during World War II:
Germany had to fight the Soviet Union on the eastern front and the United States on the western front.
Appeasement
Giving in to demands to avoid larger conflict
how was government policy spending the biggest change in society post WWll
Government policy spending created the biggest change in society post WWII because we spent so much money during the war for production that the government had limited spending after the war and they focused on spending for the people rather than for war.
why did japan attack (aka why did pearl harbor happen)
Japan attacked because they had an increased need for natural resources. It was also because of restrictions, and expansion in the pacific.
israel
Jewish nation created out of World War II, first by the British, and then by the United Nations
two ways the United States attempted to secure peace and stay out of conflict pre-World War II
One way the US tried to stay out of conflict was by staying isolated in which neutrality laws prohibited the shipment of U.S. munitions to warring nations and required warring nations that bought goods from the United States to transport these goods in their own ships. Another way the US attempted to secure peace was by disarmament in which the Treaty of Versaille helped them restrict Germany's military power.
Non-aggression pact(1939):
Pact between Hitler/Stalin not to attack each other (divide up Poland)
The real reason that the U.S. entered into World War II was due to what happened at ...
Pearl Harbor
what specific factor led the U.S. to choose a side for war?
Pearl Harbor was when Japan attacked the U.S with no warning and it was a humanitarian issue that took the lives of many innocent people. This caused the United States to side with the allied powers because they lost all trust in Japan after what happened in Pearl Harbor.
GI Bill of Rights (1944):
Pensions/Loans to help war veterans start business, buy a home/farm, go to college.
what was FDR's main points in his speech
Planned: With the planned attack of pearl harbor, the president decided to join the war against Japan to defend his country. Behind our back: Japan went behind our back when they decided to attack and bomb Pearl Harbor on December 7 with no prior warning.
Fair Deal:
President Truman's urging of Congress to reach full employment, higher minimum wage, national health insurance program, affordable housing, more aid to farmers, expansion of welfare benefits.
Yalta Conference (1945)
Roosevelt (U.S.), Churchill (Britain), Stalin (Soviet Union) met to plan the post-war peace situation. The end plan basically divided up Germany into 3 zones to be occupied by the Allies (US, Britain, Soviet)
Use the words 'land' and 'water' to describe the key difference in how the European and Pacific/Asian theaters of war were fought:
The European theater of war was fought on land in the Eastern Hemisphere using military tanks to assist. The Pacific and Asian theater of war was fought on water because it was between Japan and the U.S so they used more ships and boats to attack.
How did the Marshall Plan help the U.S. gain influence in a certain region or country? pg. 841:
The Marshall Plan helped the U.S gain influence in Europe because congress funded the European Recovery Program to help fix their economic problems.
Use at least 2 parts with this image to describe the Cold War. *
The Russian leader and the U.S were always threatening each other and fighting ( arm wrestling) by using nuclear warfare (what they are sitting on)
What characteristics show how the U.S. and Soviet Union were different from each other? NOTES
The U.S had a democratic government, individual freedoms and a capitalistic economy. On the other hand, the Soviet Union had a one party rule, suppression of religion/force to put down opposition, and a state run economy.
Explain the strategies/philosophies they used in US and Greece throughout the post-WWII world
The U.S had a democratic government, individual freedoms and a capitalistic economy; whereas the Soviet Union had a one party rule, suppression of religion/force to put down opposition, and a state run economy. The strategies used in the U.S were acts like HUAC and the Internal Security Act which resulted in stopping un-american activities from occurring in order to limit communist influence. In Greece they used the containment strategy to help aid Greece in defending them from communist activities which resulted in the U.S becoming more involved in that country and surrounding areas.
Use the word mobilization, along with one statistic, to describe how the U.S. economy was impacted by World War II.
The U.S used mobilization to shift from a peacetime to wartime economy which allowed them to increase production such as building 88,000 landing crafts, 215 submarines, 147 aircraft carriers, 952 other warships, and 5,200 merchant ships.
Marshall Plan (1948):
The U.S. will financially support the emergence of free institutions in Europe.
Truman Doctrine (1948):
The U.S. will support free people resisting conquest.
Why did the U.S choose to use an Atomic bomb on Japan:
The US chose to use an atomic bomb because Japan was not surrendering, so by using an Atomic bomb they knew it would be a quick end to the ongoing war.
Explain the fear U.S. leaders had upon hearing about the Warsaw Pact. pg. 842-43:
The US leaders feared an outside attack by the Soviets and their influence on other countries, since they were beginning to form alliances with other communist countries.
Describe the strategy used by the Allies to invade Hitler's "Fortress Europe":
The allies used the appeasement strategy to invade Europe because they wanted to "test the waters" and see how Hitler would react to them pushing the limits.
Why did the Allies decide to use this weapon to end war in the Pacific?
The allies used this weapon to end war in the Pacific because Japan was not surrendering, so they knew the Atomic bomb would be a quick end to the ongoing war.
Describe how the Allies occupied Germany postwar (Potsdam conference):
The allies: the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union divided up Germany into 3 zones, each taking control of one zone.
what was mobilization for war (peace to war)
The biggest piece to ending the Great Depression.
Does the government seem more concerned internally or externally during this time period? Provide example(s) from our notes/class work that support your opinion. NOTES
The government seems more concerned internally because they used HUAC, Internal Security Act, and McCarthyism to stop communist activity in the U.S in order to prevent Communist influence on U.S citizens.
Explain the president's thought behind this quote. *
The hunt for communist is un american because what they were doing to find them wasn't a democratic thing.
What regions of the world did the U.S. and Soviets compete to gain influence in during this time (DO NOT provide country names; DO provide regions or areas of continents in the world)? NOTES
The regions of the world the U.S and Soviets competed to gain influence in were Western Europe, and Eastern Europe.
What is the significance of this battle location (aka-the reason they would fight over it)?
The significance of this was that the aircrafts could land at islands in this battle location to get fuel so they were able to continue on their path
What is the smoke specifically coming from (be specific to World War II)?
The smoke is specifically coming from cities like nagasaki and hiroshima because this is where the U.S dropped their bombs.
Who are these individuals and what are they doing?
These individuals are working as security to protect the U.S from potential threats of attack.
Who are these supposed to feed (be specific)?
These were supposed to feed the people at home specifically women and minorities because canned goods needed to be sent to war troops.
What was the UN mandate with Jewish refugees about? *
They gave Jewish refugees a place to live (Israel) but led to conflict with the palestinians.
What were the Soviet fears in regards to Nato? *
They thought that democracy was going to spread and they feared that their military might threaten them.
Why are they asking you (U.S. citizens) to take a 'day off'? *
This image shows Japan asking the U.S to take the day off because they want us to stop producing warfare goods so they can catch a break
Nurumberg Trials
This was about Europe and the leaders that killed innocent jewish people, who were sentenced to death, hanging, or life in prison no matter if they were ordered to do it or not. (the Nazis war crimes trails held in 1945 and 1946)
battle of the bulge
This was about Europe, and the allies achieved victory in the German area when Germany ran out of fuel, ammunition and manpower. (Last major battle of WWII, last chance for Nazis (they initiated battle) )
Stalingrad
This was about Europe, the nazis were weakened and the soviets surrounded the German territory causing the Germans to surrender and it was a Soviet victory. (Soviet city where the German army was forced to surrender after a battle that lasted for months)
Battan Death March
This was about the Pacific, the American and Filipino troops surrendered to the Japanese (horrifying 60-‐mile march of American prisoners by the Japanese during WWII)
Describe the impact that U.S. firebombing had on Japanese cities/people:
U.S firebombing destroyed much of the land in Japanese cities and killed many innocent civilians.
Lend-Lease Act(1941):
U.S. lends or leases arms and supplies to Allies
Choose the category of women or minorities: Use 1 clear example, in ONE sentence, of how either they impacted, or were involved in, the war or how the war impacted them.
When the men were drafted into war, the women were left to step up and take over the work force and Rosie the Riveter was an example of promoting women to help out during war production.
what was the main response by Great Britain, and others when Hitler violated the World War I peace treaty, in many different ways
appeasement
cold war
competition for global power and influence
what led to many countries not being capable of joining, participating, or being able to fight in another war.
disarmament
Which theatre of WWII would this most likely be taking place in
europe
Highway Act (1956)
expanded highway systems
internal security act
force all Communists to register with the government
Which strategy is being visually represented on this map?
island hopping
American opinion on participating in another war (after World War I) was for the country to remain...
isloated
what was an agreement to not fight in wars but it was of little use because there was no way to enforce it.
kellogg briand pact
what was a way for the U.S. to stay out of the beginning of the war but to also be involved in it.
lend lease act
Which event divided this city and country into 4 occupied regions?
potsdam conference
HUAC
stopping un-American activities occurring within our borders