Unit One
"The word ""forensics"" actually means"
"Belonging to, used in, or suitable to cours of judicature; an argument"
Which of these is a goal of forensic science, according to the reading?
- Help distinguish actually evidence from simple coincidence without ambiguity -Allow for certainty and probabilistic considerations -Pursue general impressions to the level of specific details -Take into account all alternative results and solutions
Which is the requirement to be a forensic scientist?
-Ability to reason during times when human emotion may attempt to override rationality -Ability to be rational in applying tenets of forensic science to real life human situations -Ability to address life's grimmest realities while maintaining human feelings
Has Gross started the journal _____, which is still a major source of primary forensic literature
Kriminologie
Which of these is immune to outliers?
Median
Who is credited with developing the first classification system for fingerprints?
Sir Francis Galton
According to your reading, what is the goal of science, broadly speaking?
To improve our understanding of the natural world
Who is the author of the first comprehensive book on hair analysis, The Hair of Man and Animals, published in 1910?
Victor Balthazard and Marcelle Lambert
Bertillonage relied upon how many body measurements?
11
When was anthropometry officially implemented as an identification system in France?
1883
What year were fingerprints adopted by the British government as an adjunct to Bertillonage?
1892
What year did Dr. Leon Lattes develop a test to determine the blood group of a dried bloodstain?
1915
"What is ethics, according to your text? "
A set of rules that govern the conduct of a professional working in a given field
Which of these is the national professional society for forensic scientists in the United States (and the one you should join if you are going into forensics?)
AAFS
Who created anthropometry?
Alphonse Bertillon
Who currently certifies doctors in forensic pathology in the U.S.?
American Board of Pathology
"According to your reading, the word ""forensics"" bascially means: "
An argument
"According to your lessons, what is a forensic scientist? "
An independent finder of fact
Bertillonage is also known as:
Anthropometry
The system that relies upon 11 body measurements with descriptive information as a method of systematic personal identification is called:
Anthropometry
What is forensic science?
Application of a broad spectrum of sciences and technologies to investigate and establish facts of interest in relation to criminal or civil law
Mathieu Orfila spent most of his time studying which substance?
Arsenic
"Which of these historical figures helped advance fingerprint, firearms, and hair analysis in Paris? "
Balthazard
Who is credited with establishing scientific examination of firearms in the United States?
Calvin Goddard
An awareness of how much we do not know and the humility to acknowledge the possibility of making mistakes is known as?
Contrite Fallibilism
What is the English translation of the first forensic science textbook, published in 1893?
Criminal Investigation
Dr. Locard studied under which well-known forensic scientist?
Dr. Bertillon
Who started the journal Kriminologie (which is still in circulation today)?
Dr. Hans Gross
Which of these scientists consulted on the Marie Latelle case?
Edmond Locard
This phrase is a simplified version of Locard's Exchange Principle
Every contact leaves a trace
Sir Francis Galton wrote which book?
Finger Prints
Which of these scientists is responsible for developing the first classification system for fingerprints?
Francis Galton
What were the scientists responsible for the early discoveries in forensic science considered due to the fact that they worked in many forensic disciplines?
Generalists
Which famous forensic scientist is credited with developing the comparison scope?
Goddard
What is considered the oldest presumptive test for blood?* *asked prof abt question
Guaiacum
Who coined the term Criminalistics?
Hans Gross
According to your reading, why did Edmond Locard go into forensics?
He read a Study in Scarlet
What is a scientist?
One engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge
A(n) ______________is an extreme value not typical of the rest of the data set
Outlier
What is forensics?
Pertaining to, connected with, or used in courts of law
Victor Balthazar is credited with developing what?
Probability models showing that the likelihood that any two people would have the same fingerprints is extremely small
The process of observing the outcome of a chance event is called a(n)
Random experiment
"According to your reading, what is the ""fundamental job of the forensic scientist?"""
Report the facts without bias
According to your lessons, what is the greatest contribution to forensics by private labs?
Retesting evidence examined by government or public labs
"The states that, on average, each data point is a certain amount away from the mean."
Standard deviation
What board focuses on the accreditation of forensic laboratories?
The American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors
What case is documented as the first use of matching physical evidence in modern history?
The Culshaw Case
Victor Balthazard wrote which book?
The Hair of Man and Animals
Which of these is the earliest text of forensic science?
The Washing Away of Wrongs (Hsi Yuan Lu)
Anthropometry was disproven by which famous case?
The Will West Case
Which case helped to discredit Bertillonage?
The Will West case
What is criminalistics?
The application of chemistry, biology, or physics to evidence analysis and addresses crime scene investigation and reconstruction
What is forensic science?
The meeting of science and the courts of law
Which of these best describe "contrite fallibilism"?
The state of understanding the limits if our knowledge and the ability to acknowledge that we're not infallible as scientists
How do forensic laboratories ensure that reported results are scientifically valid?
They have quality assurance programs that are required by law
What is the primary responsibility of forensic scientists?
To perform scientific and report their results regardless of how the results might help or hurt the agency's case
How is an experts qualification to testify established?
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