Unit two quiz

An experiment is valid if it ________.

measures what it is supposed to measure

Which section of a research article includes an explanation of the procedures used to conduct the experiment?

methods section

A negative correlation means ________.

one variable decreases as the other increases

Psychologists use ________ to measure the probability of a research finding occurring by random chance.

p-values

Dr. Stuart wants to study whether there is a relationship between the number of hours a high school senior spends on social networking sites and their grade point average. He obviously cannot study every 12th grader, so instead he will select a smaller ________ of seniors to study.

sample

If the experimenter knows who is in the experimental and control groups and treats them accordingly, she runs the risk of ________.

experimenter bias

People generally engage in superstitious behavior, like wearing your lucky red socks while taking a test because you wore them last time you got a high grade, because of a belief in a(n) ________.

illusory correlation

In order for an experiment to be considered verifiable, ________.

it must be replicable by another researcher

Observational research that focuses on just one individual or a group of people is called a(n) ________.

case study

Comparing the population in two different states to examine the prevalence of depression is an example of ________.

cross-section research

An upper-level psychology class is conducting an experiment on racial prejudice that involves having participants rate the likeability of faces in a set of photos. However, they tell participants that the study is about the effects of aging on likeability. When participants are finished, they are thanked for their time and leave the experiment. In this example, the class forgot to ________ in order to resolve the ________ in the study.

debrief participants; deception

The ________ variable measures effects of the independent variable.

dependent

In order to study the cause and effect relationship between two variables, a researcher must perform what type of study?

experimental

McCabe and Castel conducted experiments to assess whether a brain image influenced the way students perceived the quality of a scientific article. When other experimenters attempted to replicate the results of the study, they found ________.

the results did not replicate

A(n) ________ is a general, tentative explanation that proposes explanations for observed behavior that can be used to predict future outcomes, whereas a(n) ________ is a specific prediction about the relationship between two or more variables that is to be tested.

theory; hypothesis