Urinary system - Chapter 25
Afferent arterioles
Cortical radiate arteries branch into blood vessels called -
a. Glomerular capsules
All of the following are part of the capillary beds in nephrons EXCEPT: a. Glomerular capsules b. Peritubular capillaries c. Vasa recta d. Glomerulus
Renal blood supply diagram
kidneys receive 21% of cardiac output
Glomerulus Capillary bed
simple squamous
e. both b and d
Identify the components of a nephron: a. Peritubular Capillaries b. Renal Tubule c. Renal Artery d. Renal Corpuscle e. both b and d
1. Basement Membrane 2. Endothelium of Glomerular Capillaries 3. Visceral Layer of Glomerular Capsule
Identify the components of the filtration membrane. (Hint: There are 3 components)
Anatomy of the urinary
Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
AGE!!!! A - Afferent (to) G - glomerulus E - efferent (away)
List the correct order of the blood vessels in the renal corpuscle
C - cortical radiate veins A - arcuate veins I - interlobar veins R - renal vein
List the order in which blood flows from the peritubular capillaries
P - proximal N - nephron loop D - distal
List the segments of the renal tubule in correct order
c. Renal Tubule and Renal Corpuscle
Nephrons are composed of _______ and __________. a. Renal plexus and renal capsule b. Renal capsule and Renal tubule c. Renal tubule and Renal Corpuscle d. Renal plexus and Renal Corpuscle
b. Efferent
Peritubular capillaries arise from __________ arterioles. a. Afferent b. Efferent
Renal tubule
Series of tubules (small pipes) for reabsorption and secretion
FALSE -- renal corpuscle
TRUE/FALSE: The 1st part of the nephron is the renal tubule
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: the efferent arteriole has a smaller diameter than afferent arterioles.
To Away
The afferent glomerular arteriole - blood ____ glomeruli. The efferent glomerular arteriole - blood ____ glomeruli.
d. Defecation
The following are functions or structures of the urinary system EXCEPT: a. Kidneys b. Vitamin D3 Metabolism c. Urine Storage d. Defecation
c. descending limb
The proximal convoluted tube drains into what? a. ascending limb b. nephron loop c. descending limb d. none of the above
glomerulus and glomerular capsule
The renal corpuscle contains what 2 structures?
a. capsule
The thin fibrous sac that encloses the kidney is the renal ________________. a. capsule b. medulla c. calyx
Efferent; Juxtamedullary
The vasa recta continues from the _________ (afferent/efferent) arterioles of the _____________ nephrons.
1. Internal 2. External
What are the 2 sphincters of the urethra?
1. Glomeruli 2. Peritubular Capillaries 3. Vasa Recta
What are the 3 blood vessels that are associated with nephrons?
1. Ureters 2. Urethra 3. Kidneys 4. Bladder
What are the principal organs of the urinary system? (Hint: There are 4)
a. Vasa recta
What blood vessel that's associated with nephrons are part of the kidney's urine concentrating mechanism? a. Vasa recta b. Peritubular capillaries c. Nephron Loop d. Glomeruli
Vasa Recta
What blood vessel that's associated with nephrons are thin-walled looping vessels that descend into the medulla?
A - Efferent Arteriole B - Afferent Arteriole
What is A? What is B?
Medulla
What is B?
Urethra
What is G pointing to?
Renal Cortex
What is the arrow point to?
Renal Pelvis
What is the arrow pointing to?
Skeletal muscle
What is the external sphincter of the urethra made of?
filtration of the blood
What is the function of the glomerulus
Transport urine to the bladder
What is the function of the ureters?
Drains urine from the body
What is the function of the urethra?
Urine Storage
What is the function of the urinary bladder?
Nephron
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Smooth muscle
What is the internal sphincter of the urethra made of?
A series of tubules that function in re-absorption & secretion
What is the renal tubule made up of? What is their function?
e. c and d
What surrounds the tubules of the nephron? a. Glomeruli b. Glomerular capsule c. Vasa recta d. Peritubular capillaries e. c and d
A
Which letter represents the glomerulus?
Nephron microanatomy
*afferent arteriole *efferent arteriole *two capillary beds - Peritubular - Glomerulus --- Vasa recta (surrounds tubules of nephron)
Functions of the urinary
*excretory: filters waste from bloodstream, excretes water *endocrine: renin, erythropoetin *vitamin D3 metabolism *urine storage
Renal corpuscle (anatomy)
*the first part of the nephron *Site of formation of the filtrate (liquid of blood to be filtered)
Urethra
- Drains urine from body - Two sphincters -- Internal - smooth muscle -- External - skeletal muscle
Ureters
- Transport urine to bladder - Peristalsis
Urinary bladder
- Urine storage - Distensible - Can store ~1L
Microanatomy of the kidney (urinary system)
- renal cortex - renal medulla - renal pelvis - renal plexus - functional unit = nephron