urr GYN

uterine body/fundus that is tilted posteriorly with a sharp angle to the cervix is described by which of the following terms?

Retroflexed

A uterine body/fundus that is tilted posteriorly with a slight angle to the cervix is described by which of the following terms?

Retroverted

The average size of a normal ovary is

The normal ovary measures 3 x 2 x 1cm and has a volume of 6 - 13cc.

In the late proliferative phase, the endometrium can appear to have three layers Sonographically. Which of the following correctly describes these layers?

The outer layer will be hyperechoic, the middle layer hypoechoic and the inner layer will appear as an echogenic line

A uterine body/fundus that is tilted anteriorly with a sharp angle to the cervix is described by which of the following terms

anteflexed

Which of the following carries blood to the uterine arteries

anterior branch of the internal iliac artery

secretory phase, day

day 15-28 = thick hyperechoic

Early proliferative phase, day

day 5-9 = thin line

Depo provera is a type of birth control that would prevent the formation of a

dominant follicle and ovulation

The endometrium is at its thinnest in the

early proliferative phase

Which hormone causes the endometrium to thicken during the proliferative phase?

estrogen

Which of the following is responsible for stimulating the contraction of the fallopian tubes to propel the egg toward the uterine cavity?

estrogen

Oral contraceptives suppress the production of ___________ to prevent follicle maturation

follicle stimulating hormone

Which of the following refers to the endometrial layer that is sloughed off during menstruation?

functionalis layer

Which of the following best describes the Doppler waveforms obtained from the uterine artery of a nulligravida uterus?

high resistance, high velocity

Which of the following describes the PW Doppler tracing obtained from the tissues surrounding the dominant follicle?

high velocity , low resistance flow

. Luteinizing hormone is produced by the:

. pituitary gland

Which of the following early embryologic structures produce progesterone?

. trophoblastic cells

As a non-gravid patient ages, the resistive index for the uterine artery moves closer to:

1.0

late proliferative phase day

10-14 = thicker hypoechoic

Non-dominant follicles normally do not exceed:

11mm

The uterine artery is a branch of the

hypogastric artery

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GRH) is produced by the

hypothalamus

The secretory phase occurs during days ____________ in the menstrual cycle.

15-28

A 27 year old non-gravid patient presents with a history of G4P2112. How many term deliveries has she had?

2

Which of the following plays a part in the menstrual cycle?

hypothalamus

The corpus in a multiparous uterus is usually at least ________ the cervix

2 times the length of

Ovarian follicles grow at a rate of ___________ prior to ovulation

2-3mm per day

The dominant follicle normally reaches a maximum diameter of ________ just prior to ovulation

2.5cm

Average size nulliparous uterus

8 x 5 x 3cm

The endometrium in an asymptomatic 68yr old female not taking hormones should not normally exceed:

8mm

Which of the following structures is normally located lateral to the ovary?

iliopsoas muscle

What portion of the fallopian tube is described as trumpet shaped because it widens before it opens up into the pelvic peritoneal cavity?

infundibulum

The left ovarian vein empties into:

left renal vein

Which pelvic muscle forms the pelvic floor?

levator ani

While evaluating the vaginal cuff in a transverse plane, you notice a flat muscle extending laterally on both sides of the cuff. What muscle is this?

levator ani

Which two muscles form the pelvic diaphragm?

levator ani and coccygeus

If the cervix is midline and the uterine body is flexed to the left, this is called:

levoflexion

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Doppler waveforms obtained from the normal ovary?

low resistance, low velocity

After menses, the ovary enters the follicular phase until ovulation occurs. What is the next phase in the ovarian cycle?

luteal phase

The pituitary gland produces which of the following?

luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone

The onset of menstruation is called:

menarche

Which of the following terms refers to the pain associated with ovulation?

mittleschmertz

Which of the following terms refers to a patient that is pregnant with their third child?

multigravida

Which of the following terms refers to a patient that has delivered three children?

multiparous

Which uterine wall layer is composed of muscle and is involved in fetal delivery?

myometrium

Which pelvic muscles form the lateral pelvic walls?

obturator internus

Which uterine wall layer is composed of fibrous connective tissue?

perimetrium

Which of the following pelvic muscles is most likely to be mistaken for the ovaries?

piriformis

A uterine body/fundus that is tilted anteriorly with a slight angle to the cervix is described by which of the following terms?

Anteverted

Which of the following patient types has a uterus described as a cervix and corpus of equal length?

premenopausal nulliparous

Which of the following patient types has a uterus that is described as having a uterine body half the size of the cervix ?

prepubertal

Which of the following terms refers to a patient that is pregnant with their first child?

primigravida

Decreasing levels of ________________________ cause the onset of menses.

progesterone

________________ stimulates the endometrial proliferation in the secretory phase.

progesterone

Which arteries course through the myometrium?

radial arteries

Which pelvic space is located anterior to the bladder and called the retropubic space?

space of Retzius

Which arteries supply the functionalis layer of the endometrium

spiral

uterus and cervix displaced to the right

Dextroposition

Fibroid growth is stimulated by which of the following hormones

Estrogen

Which hormone stimulates the cervix to produce mucous just prior to ovulation?

Estrogen

The ovary is normally found in the _________________________.

Fossa of Waldeyer

What causes ovulation

surge of luteinizing hormone

Which of the following uterine ligaments are composed of peritoneum?

suspensory and broad ligaments

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 20 of their menstrual cycle?

thick and hyperechoic

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of the endometrium in the secretory phase?

thick and hyperechoic

. Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 12 of their menstrual cycle?

thick and hypoechoic centrally

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of the endometrium in the late proliferative phase?

thick and more hypoechoic centrally

A patient presents for a pelvic ultrasound due to cramping and pain. She is 3 weeks post-partum after a vaginal delivery. Which of the following correctly describes the normal appearance of the endometrium in this patient?

thin echogenic line

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 8 of their menstrual cycle?

thin echogenic line

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of the endometrium in the early proliferative phase?

thin echogenic line

Grand multiparity is defined as:

woman who has already delivered five or more infants who have achieved a gestational age of 24 weeks or more