US History 2 Final pt 1

In waging war against Japan, the United States relied mainly on a strategy of?

"island hopping" from the South Pacific to within striking distance of Japan

In 1947, President Truman told Congress that the United States could not realize its postwar objectives unless we were willing to help free peoples to maintain their free institutions and their national integrity against aggressive movements that seek to impose upon them totalitarian regimes. This policy was first implemented in?

Greece and Turkey.

The mood of the "Beat Generation" is best reflected in which of the following?

Jack Kerouac's On the Road.

The essential element of the policy of containment was?

a commitment to holding communism within the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.

All of the following were reasons why a consumer culture appeared in the 1950s EXCEPT?

a considerable drop in the prices of consumer goods.

At the beginning of the Cold War, U. S. policy toward the Soviet Union tended to follow the ideas of George F. Kennan, that is?

a policy of containment of Soviet expansionist tendencies.

The decade of the 1950s in the United States was characterized by which of the following?

a steady rise in the number of women employees in the overall work force.

President Eisenhower's domestic strategy of modern Republicanism advocated?

acceptance of existing New Deal programs

President Eisenhower was associated with each of the following EXCEPT?

bringing about the downfall of Senator Joseph McCarthy by publicly denouncing his irresponsible accusations

The removal of General Douglas MacArthur from command of the United States-United Nations forces during the Korean War exemplifies the constitutional principle of?

civilian control of the military.

In World War II the Allied strategy, agreed upon by the U. S. and Great Britain, was to?

concentrate on defeating Germany first before turning on Japan.

The largest public works project during Eisenhower's presidency was?

construction of the interstate highway system.

During the struggle in China between nationalists and communists after World War II, the United States?

continued to support Chiang Kai-shek with money and weapons even when it became clear his cause was lost.

Harry Truman aided the cause of civil rights by?

desegregating the armed forces.

From the mid-1920s to the mid-1950s, the duties of the Hays Office involved which of the following?

enforcement of moral standards in motion pictures.

At the end of both World War I and World War II, the United States?

entered a period of extreme anti-communism that led to the persecution of many suspected radicals

The Civil Rights Act of 1957?

established a permanent commission on civil rights with broad investigatory powers.

Critics of McCarthyism in the 1950s stressed the idea that?

fears of subversion can lead to the erosion of constitutional liberties.

During the Second World War, African Americans?

fought in a segregated military.

President Truman used the atom bomb against Japan for all of the following reasons EXCEPT?

he believed the bomb was an appropriate response to Pearl Harbor.

Which of the following was the MAJOR reason President Truman used to justify his decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in August 1945?

he felt it would shorten the war and eliminate the need for an invasion of Japan.

What action did President Eisenhower take to bring about school integration in Little Rock, Arkansas?

he placed the Arkansas National Guard under federal command to carry out the desegregation plan.

Franklin D. Roosevelt departed from Woodrow Wilson's wartime practices when he?

included members of both political parties in the delegation to the San Francisco Conference.

World War II brought about all of the following changes EXCEPT?

increasing the gap between the wealthiest and the poorest Americans.

The main economic problem faced by President Truman in his first term was?

inflation.

Under President Truman, the Department of Justice?

intervened in Supreme Court cases on behalf of organizations seeking to end segregation.

Which of the following is true of the Eisenhower administration's termination policy?

it led to the withdrawal of federal benefits from many Indian tribes.

All of the following are true regarding television during the 1950s EXCEPT?

its drama was noted for its "earthiness" and extreme violence.

The "G. I. Bill of Rights" refers to?

legislation passed by Congress pertaining to education, unemployment compensation, loans for home building, and provisions for medical care of veterans.

To ensure that Russia would join the war against Japan, President Roosevelt in 1945?

made certain secret agreements concerning Russian territorial demands.

President Eisenhower described his domestic program as "dynamic conservatism." An important part of this program was?

opposition to public power projects.

The Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway were significant in?

stemming the tide of Japanese advances in the Pacific

The Eisenhower administration's policy in the Middle East included all of the following EXCEPT?

support for the British and French invasion of the Suez.

The Yalta Conference produced agreements on all of the following topics EXCEPT?

the Allied invasion of Normandy.

The United Nations was able to provide military assistance to South Korea in 1950 because?

the USSR boycotted the session of the Security Council at which the decision was made.

The case of Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) concerned?

the constitutionality of racial segregation in public schools.

The Dumbarton Oaks Conference involved primarily?

the formation of the United Nations

In his farewell address in January 1961, President Eisenhower warned the American people against?

the influence of the military-industrial complex.

Homeownership in Levittown in the 1950s was stimulated by all of the following EXCEPT?

the migration of African-Americans from the ghettos to the suburbs.

The significance of the civil rights laws of 1957 and 1960 was that they?

were the first civil rights laws passed since Reconstruction.

The Truman administration's decision to oppose the invasion of South Korea by North Korea in June, 1950 was made?

without congressional approval.

All of these statements about the 1948 presidential campaign are true EXCEPT?

Truman was a heavy favorite to defeat his Republican rival, Governor Thomas Dewey of New York.

All of the following factors promoted the growth of suburbs EXCEPT?

laws forbidding residential segregation by races.

By the end of Eisenhower's second term, the first Republican administration since the New Deal had?

left the size and functions of the federal government intact.

The Marshall Plan could be be understood as part of an American desire to?

make communism less appealing to Europeans creating economic prosperity.

The Soviet Union's launching of Sputnik in 1957 immediately led to?

massive federal aid to American higher education.

Most of Truman's Fair Deal program?

met defeat at the hands of a coalition of Republicans and Southern Democrats.

President Eisenhower opposed Truman's plan for?

national health insurance.

President Truman contributed to the anti-Communist fear after the Second World War by?

ordering investigations into the loyalty of federal employees.

Which does NOT describe the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II?

outside California, there was strong public opposition to the internment policy.

The Taft-Harley Act of 1947 provided for all of the following EXCEPT?

permitting union contributions to political campaigns.

John Foster Dulles is most closely associated with the?

policy of massive retaliation.

Between 1954 and 1961, the Eisenhower administration's policy toward South Vietnam can be characterized as one that?

propped up a corrupt and unpopular, anti-Communist dictatorship in order to contain the spread of communism in Southeast Asia.

During World War II, women did all of the following EXCEPT?

reaffirm traditional patterns for women's lives

Attitudes in the United States toward Jews fleeing persecution in Europe during World War II were reflected in the?

refusal to relax immigration restrictions for Jews

Issued by President Roosevelt in 1941, Executive Order No. 8802?

required defense industries to make jobs available without discrimination based on race, creed, color, or national origin

The House Un-American Activities Committee was?

responsible for a series of highly publicized hearings designed to expose communist influence in American life.

Which of the following is TRUE of White Citizens' Councils?

supported by white business and professional people, they used their economic power against black civil rights activists.

Which of the following made the Soviet Union suspicious of the motives of the United States and Great Britain during World War II?

the delay in opening the second front in Europe.

In 1960 which of the following contributed most directly to Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev's cancellation of a scheduled summit meeting with President Dwight D. Eisenhower?

the downing of an American U-2 spy plane over the Soviet Union.

The legal basis for Truman's order for American air and naval forces to support South Korea was?

the federal Constitution.

A major cause of the movement to the suburbs in the decades following World War II was?

the growth of the middle class during the post-World War II period.

Which of the following is an idea of Woodrow Wilson's that came to be an accepted part of United States foreign policy after 1945?

the security of the United States is best preserved through collective security.

One of the most important domestic results of the war effort was?

the swift ending of the Great Depression.

The 1950s saw all of the following demographic shifts EXCEPT?

total United States population grew less than in any previous decade of the 20c.

The United States during World War II adopted all of the following strategies EXCEPT?

use of atomic bombs on Germany and Japan.

While there was a large gap between what Harry Truman said about civil rights and what he was able to do, his greatest accomplishment was in?

using the prestige and visibility of his office to educate the public and set a moral agenda for future civil rights progress.

The increase in the number of Mexican Americans employed in the United States during the early 1940s resulted from?

wartime labor shortages.

The 1956 boycott of the Montgomery bus system?

was instigated by the arrest of Rosa parks.

The development of the atomic bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima

was the responsibility of the Manhattan Project team of scientists and engineers at Los Alamos, NM

Truman's response to the Berlin Blockade was to?

airlift all necessary supplies into Berlin for almost a year.

Which of the following was agreed to at the Yalta Conference (1945)?

an agreement to divide Germany into four military zones.

What happened to the New Deal during World War II?

an anti-New Deal coalition moved to end many New Deal programs, and the president adapted to the new political environment.

At the Casablanca Conference in January 1943, the Allies agreed to?

an invasion of Italy in the spring, invasion of France in 1944, and the concept of "unconditional surrender."

Silent Spring?

argued that the use of DDT was dangerous to the entire food chain.