US HISTORY 202 Ch. 25
One of the reasons there was dissent from the New Deal was that
*people felt that change wasn't happening quickly enough *some wealthy executives felt that Roosevelt was an enemy of private property. *some people felt that Roosevelt was a dictator in the making.
Which groups made the biggest gains in union membership in the 1930s?
African Americans and women
One of the most important results of the New Deal was that
Americans knew that in hard times, the government would come to their aid.
Why did union membership grow so precipitously over the course of the 1930s?
Government support for unions allowed organization of unskilled workers to flourish.
Each of the following created mass political movements based on economic dissatisfaction except
Harry Hopkins
Why did Franklin Roosevelt begin his presidency by trying to stabilize the
He believed confidence in the credit system was the key to a healthy economy.
Known as the "Kingfish," which Louisiana senator gained substantial support for his "Share Our Wealth" program?
Huey Long
What does the fate of budgets of the WPA's arts programs tell you about the political orientation of political leaders?
It was profoundly anticommunist.
The initial purpose of Hoover's Reconstruction Finance Corporation was to
Lend money to banks
Which of the following programs did the Supreme Court declare wholly or partly unconstitutional, in 1935 and 1936 respectively?
NRA and AAA
During the Great Depression, radio programs and movies tended to:
celebrate traditional values and middle-class society
The federal government launched a series of repatriations of Mexicans back to Mexico because
it was cheaper to ship them home than provide them with relief.
Movie studios lured viewers into movie houses during the Great Depression by
showing movies that preserved traditional values and middle-class morality.
Roosevelt turned his attention to saving the banks first because
the Brains Trust believed that it was the first step to economic solvency.
One way that workers challenged the "business as usual" stance in industry in the 1930s was to
organize "sit-down strikes" in the factories and refuse to work.
Radio bound the country together because
people could listen to the same programs, no matter where they lived.
The defining characteristic of the New Deal was
pragmatic experimentation.
New Deal planning for agriculture and industry depended primarily on
private interests.
Hoover's 1930 tax cut was intended to increase consumer purchasing power, but instead it
produced an unbalanced federal budget.
The ultimate outcome of Roosevelt's court-packing plan was that
the plan fell through but the resistance of the Court to the New Deal declined.
Hoover's Attempts to Combat the Great Depression Which of the following were among President Hoover's actions attempting to stimulate the economy and help citizens during the Great Depression?
*Cutting taxes to increase purchasing power of consumers *Rallying business leaders to pledge to maintain employment, wages, and prices *Loaning $300 million to the states as relief for the unemployed
The New Deal and the People Identify which of the following were among the consequences of the New Deal for women, African Americans, and Indians.
*Increasing Indian landholding *Incorporating women into the Democratic Party machinery *Shifting African American voting from majority Republican to majority Democratic
The Second Hundred Days Which of the following were part of the legislative accomplishments of the "Second Hundred Days"?
*National Labor Relations Act *Social Security Act *Revenue Act *Emergency Relief Appropriations Act
Impacts of the Great Depression Which of the following were impacts of the Great Depression on families of the period?
*Rate of desertion of a family by men increased *Emmigration from the U.S. exceeded immigration into the U.S. *The number of marriages increased
Key Terms
*Repatriation: Act of returning people to their nation of origin *Public Works: Government-financed construction projects, such as highways and bridges, for use by the public *Mutualistas: Traditional Latin American societies that provided members with social support, life insurance, and sickness *Smoot-Hawley Tariff: A bill designed to protect the United States from cheap foreign goods *Bonus Army: A group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington, D.C., seeking service benefits *Reconstruction Finance Corporation: A federal New Deal agency that could lend money to banks *Tennessee Valley Authority: A massive public works project created in 1933; designed to increase employment and transform a river basin for power generation and other purposes
The Supreme Court and the New Deal Which of the following were Supreme Court actions during the New Deal era?
*Upholding the Wagner Act *Canceling the Agricultural Adjustment Administration *Striking down a New York minimum-wage law
Migrants uprooted by the Dust Bowl generally sought economic opportunities in which state?
California
Although Roosevelt won reelection in 1936, it was by one of the slimmest margins in presidential history.
FALSE
Because farmworkers and domestic servants were among the neediest people in the nation, the Social Security system established in 1935 granted them the most benefits.
FALSE
Like Elijah Muhammad, the black religious leader Father Divine exhorted his followers to separate themselves from white people and form their own all-black nation.
FALSE
Eleanor Roosevelt established a new role for first ladies—being publicly active in their own right in pursuit of political and social reform.
TRUE
For a time during the Great Depression, emigration from the United States exceeded immigration to the United States.
TRUE
In 1932, the U.S. Army dispersed 2,000 peacefully protesting, unemployed veterans from the nation's capital with tanks, cavalry, and soldiers with bayonets at the ready.
TRUE
One of the groups that benefited most from New Deal legislation was organized labor, which increased in size and influence during the 1930s.
TRUE
The Dust Bowl resulted largely from several decades of intensive agriculture that rendered the landscape susceptible to erosion.
TRUE
Which of the following New Deal programs not only provided work relief but also helped provide electrification to one of the poorest regions of the United States?
TVA
__________ was a disastrous government response to the Depression during Hoover's presidency.
The protectionist Smoot-Hawley tariff
The National Recovery Administration demonstrated which of the following?
a greater commitment to regulating business
Roosevelt's administration, under the prodding of Eleanor Roosevelt and Harold Ickes,
began to support racial integration and banned discrimination in certain programs.
The New Deal legacy included all of the following except
bringing an end to the Great Depression.
The Second New Deal exhibited all the following characteristics except
cooperation with, rather than regulation, of business.
What triggered the Roosevelt recession of 1937?
cuts in federal spending
One economic tactic, advocated by economist John Maynard Keynes, that might have led the United States more quickly out of the Depression was
for the government to increase spending and continue running deficits.
One of Roosevelt's biggest pushes during the Second Hundred Days was to
get more Americans working through the Works Progress Administration.
Roosevelt's reelection in 1936 was due in large part to the fact that
he stood up for those at the bottom of the economic ladder.
Roosevelt was so concerned about the Supreme Court because
he was afraid that it would shoot down his most recent New Deal legislation.
The Social Security Act aimed to
help those who could not help themselves, as well as retirees and those who lost their jobs.
Roosevelt dealt with big business by
instituting planning that would boost industrial activity and consumer spending.
Each of the following occurred during the Great Depression except:
women entered the workforce in great numbers in order to provide extra income for their families.