U.S. History Ch 7, Sec. 7.2

tariffs

fees on imported goods

George Washington

the Founding Father who presided over the Constitutional Convention

William Paterson

the delegate who presented the New Jersey Plan to the Convention

Edmund Randolph

the delegate who proposed the Virginia Plan to the Convention

Upper House (Senate)

the division of Congress in which each state receives two seats, and representatives are selected by state legislatures

Lower House (House of Representatives)

the division of Congress in which the number of representatives is based upon state population and members are elected by the voters of their respective states

Rhode Island

the last of the 13 states to ratify the Constitution

Philadelphia

the location of the Constitutional Convention

Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise

the measure that empowered Congress to regulate commerce with certain limitations

55

the number of delegates that attended the Constitutional Convention

the Federalist

85 essays giving sound arguments in favor of the Constitution, published by Alexander Hamilton with the help of James Madison and John Jay, which helped the Federalists win support for the Constitution in New York

George Washington Ben Franklin

the 2 most famous Americans to attend the Constitutional Convention

Pennsylvania New Jersey Georgia Connecticut Massachusetts

the 5 states that followed Delaware in ratifying the Constitution *in* *1787*

Maryland South Carolina New Hampshire Virginia New York

the 5 states that ratified the Constitution *in* *1788*

the Great Compromise or, the Connecticut Compromise

the agreement that reconciled the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan by having the national government consist of two houses: an upper house with equal representation for each state, and a lower house with representation based on state population; this arrangement satisfied both the larger and smaller states

the "Great Decision"

the bold decision of the Convention delegates to put aside the Articles and draft a brand new Constitution

Independence Hall

the building in Philadelphia where the Declaration of Independence was signed and where the Constitutional Convention was held

Three-fifths Compromise

the compromise between northern and southern states at the Constitutional Convention that three-fifths of the *slave* *population* would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives

Constitutional Convention

the convention held in *Philadelphia* in the summer of 1787 to revise the Articles; produced the Constitution of the United States

George Washington

the first President of the United States

Delaware

the first state to ratify the Constitution

North Carolina, 1789 Rhode Island, 1790

the last 2 states to ratify the Constitution

Virginia Plan

the plan for representation in Congress which called for a *bicameral* legislature with *representation* *based* *on* *state* *population*; also called for the creation of executive and judicial departments and gave a number of specific powers to the national government

New Jersey Plan

the plan for representation in Congress which called for a *unicameral* legislature with *equal* *representation* *for* *all* *states* and for the creation of executive and judicial branches; in essence, the governmental system would continue as it did under the Articles of Confederation, but the national government would have power to tax and regulate commerce

Connecticut

the state whose delegates negotiated the "Great Compromise" which settled the debate over representation in Congress

1787

the year in which the Constitutional Convention was held

Jonathan Dayton

the youngest delegate at the Constitutional Convention, at age 26

Anti-Federalists

those who *opposed* the Constitution

Federalists

those who *supported* the Constitution

Annapolis Convention

a convention held in September 1786 to consider problems of trade and navigation; attended by five states and important because it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional Convention

Alexander Hamilton

a delegate of New York who attended the Annapolis Convention and the Constitutional Convention

James Madison

a delegate of Virginia who attended the Annapolis Convention and the Constitutional Convention; known as the "*Father* *of* *the* *Constitution*" due to being the most important member of the Convention

Mount Vernon Convention

a meeting called by George Washington at his home in Virginia in 1785 to discuss a disagreement between Virginia and Maryland over commercial navigation on the Potomac River

"a bundle of compromises"

a nickname for the Constitution which acknowledges the fact that nearly every provision of it was a compromise among various viewpoints, made possible because the delegates to the Constitutional Convention resolved to put aside local interests to produce a document that would be acceptable to people from all sections of the country for all time