us history chapter 11

A well-known painting that pays tribute to Midwesterners is

American Gothic by Grant Wood.

The group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington in 1932 was called the

Bonus Army.

Alfred E. Smith endured a smear campaign in the 1928 election because he was

Catholic.

Newly homeless people put up communities of shacks that they called

Hoovervilles.

The first feature-length animated film was

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.

____ invested in stocks, betting that the market would continue to climb so that they could make a quick profit.

Speculators

Farmers on the Great Plains began to lose their crops during the Depression because

a terrible drought dried the soil.

In May 1932, the Senate voted down a bill that would have

authorized early payment of World War I veterans' bonuses.

The stock market crash weakened the nation's banks because

banks had invested their deposits in the stock market.

To pay for public works, the government would have to raise taxes or

borrow money.

A long period of rising stock prices is known as a

bull market.

When the Senate voted down the bonus bill that promised $1,000 to each veteran, some veterans

camped out in vacant buildings in D.C.

The National Credit Corporation tried to rescue troubled banks by allowing them to

continue lending money to their communities.

During the Great Depression, when a bank collapsed,

depositors lost their savings.

Before the late 1920s, stock prices

generally reflected the stocks' true value.

Stock prices first began to decline in late 1929 because

investors began to sell their stock.

In the 1920s, the Federal Reserve contributed to weaknesses in the stock market by

keeping interest rates low.

The Emergency Relief and Construction Act provided

loans to the states for direct relief.

The original purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was to

make loans to businesses.

The Hawley-Smoot Tariff dampened commerce

on both sides of the Atlantic.

President Hoover opposed direct federal relief to the unemployed because he believed that

only state and city governments should dole out relief.

Most economists agree that a key cause of the Depression was

overproduction.

Thousands of World War I veterans came to Washington in 1932 to lobby Congress to

pass legislation giving veterans their promised bonus early.

President Hoover hoped that public works would

provide jobs lost in the private sector.

President Hoover wanted state and city governments rather than the federal government to provide ____, or money given directly to impoverished families.

relief

In search of work or a better life during the Depression, many unemployed people

rode the rails.

Programs, such as The Guiding Light, that carried over their story lines from day to day were nicknamed

soap opera

During the Depression, charities set up ____to give poor people a meal.

soup kitchens

A major contribution to Herbert Hoover's landslide victory in the 1928 election was

the prosperity of the 1920s.

Buying on margin was a method of buying stocks

with mostly borrowed money.