US History Chapter 18
What percentage of American households owned stocks by 1929?
Approximately 10%
The stock market took its steepest dive on October 29, 1929, the day now known as
Black Tuesday
In 1932, the press began calling the World War I veterans who were marching to Washington, D.C., to demand early payment of promised bonuses the
Bonus Army
Wiped out by the Depression and by drought, many penniless families left the Dust Bowl and headed to
California
"Okies" were usually farmers who sold their land and used the profits to travel to California and begin new lives.
False
Films such as Mr. Smith Goes to Washington celebrated national heroes and the excitement of the big city.
False
Movies produced during the Depression usually focused attention on the plight of the homeless and the unemployed.
False
President Hoover supported the provision of federal government relief, or money given directly to impoverished families.
False
Some farmers began destroying their crops to protest against foreclosures on their land.
False
Walt Disney produced the first feature-length animated film, Animal Crackers, in 1937.
False
What weekly photojournalism magazine was introduced in 1936 by TIME magazine publisher Henry Luce to instant success?
Life
What portion of the U.S. workforce was unemployed by 1933?
Roughly 25%
The first feature-length animated film was
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
What happened when President Hoover asked the Federal Reserve Board to put more currency into circulation?
The Board refused to increase the money supply.
The Dust Bowl was located in
The Great Plains
As the bull market of the late 1920s continued to soar, many investors began buying stocks on margin, making only a small cash down payment and borrowing the rest.
True
During the Depression, self-deputized citizens in the Southwest rounded up Mexicans—often without regard to their citizenship status—and forcibly returned them to Mexico.
True
During the Depression, the jobless stood in breadlines for free food, lined up outside soup kitchens set up by private groups, or went hungry.
True
In the 1920s, buying on margin was a method of buying stocks with mostly borrowed money.
True
When people could not pay their rent or mortgage but would not leave the dwelling, they were evicted by court officers.
True
As stock prices declined in 1929, the Hawley-Smoot Tariff led to
a decline in U.S. exports
One reason that the stock market crash led to the Great Depression was that in 1929, the top 5 percent of all American households earned 30 percent of the nation's income, an example of
an uneven distribution of income
In May 1932, the Senate voted down a bill that would have
authorized early payment of World War I veterans' bonuses
During the Great Depression, many farmers were forced to turn their farms over to
banks that held their mortgages.
In the early 1930s, to pay for public works projects that would create enough jobs, the government would have to raise taxes or
borrow money
A long period of rising stock prices is known as a
bull market
The National Credit Corporation tried to rescue troubled banks by allowing them to
continue lending money in their communities
During the Great Depression, when a bank collapsed,
depositors lost their savings.
During the Great Depression, many farmers who were already under pressure from debt and falling prices were devastated by
drought and the Dust Bowl
Before the late 1920s, stock prices
generally reflected the stocks' true value.
Although the Reconstruction Finance Corporation loaned about $238 million to banks, railroads, and building-and-loan associations by early 1932, it failed to
increase its lending sufficiently.
The bull market of the 1920s lasted only as long as
investors continued putting new money into the market.
In the 1920s, the Federal Reserve contributed to weaknesses in the stock market by
keeping interest rates low.
The Emergency Relief and Construction Act provided
loans to the states for direct relief
The original purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was to
make loans to businesses
Stockbrokers who made loans that allowed investors to buy stocks could issue a ____________________ to protect their loans.
margin call
During the 1930s, how many Americans went to the movies each week?
more than 60 million
Manufacturing output per person-hour rose 32 percent in the 1920s, but the average worker's wage increased only 8 percent, which meant that
most Americans did not earn enough to buy the goods they helped produce.
In addition to the stock market crash in 1929, a key cause of the Great Depression was
overproduction
Thomas Hart Benton, Grant Wood, and other painters of the 1930s were referred to as the
regionalist school.
President Hoover wanted state and city governments rather than the federal government to provide money directly to impoverished families, known as
relief.
In addition to the stock market crash of 1929, the economy was shaken by a slowdown in
retail sales
In search of work or a better life, many unemployed people
rode the rails.
During the 1930s, dairy farmers in Georgia blocked highways and
stopped milk trucks, dumping the milk into ditches.
In his novel The Sound and the Fury, William Faulkner exposed the hidden attitudes of characters in a fictional Mississippi county using a technique called
stream of consciousness
"Hunger marches" in Washington, D.C., and other cities were organized by
the American Communist Party.
Which of the following measures to address the Depression was enacted by Congress and signed by President Hoover only reluctantly?
the Emergency Relief and Construction Act
To portray life around them, artists and writers of the 1930s often used ____________________ as subjects in their work.
the homeless and unemployed
While many immigrants chose to leave the United States as a result of the Great Depression, others
were forced out by the government and by citizen groups.
As a result of the stock market crash, some banks suffered more losses than they could absorb and
were forced to close.
Buying on margin was a method of buying stocks
with mostly borrowed money
