u.s History chp. 11

examine the causes and consequences of the Philippine insurrection

-Cause: Filipino nationalists angered because following the Spanish-American war, the US decided to retain possession of the Philippines-Consequences: US reacted with brutality and racism

Treaty of Paris

1783 peace treaty that ended the Revolutionary War and affirmed American independence

discuss how Emilio Aguinaldo opinion of the united states changed after the Spanish-American war

Aguinaldo and other Filipinos fought with the United States during the Spanish-American War, thinking that the United States wanted to ensure independence for the Philippines. When the United States later took control of his country, Aguinaldo was furious and organized an insurrection against what he saw as imperialism.

identify the key factors that caused Americans to want to take a greater role overseas

Americans supported the idea of overseas expansion in the late 1800's because they wanted to expand trade to Latin America, to spread democracy, to politically influence the other countries, and expand so America has more territory.

what events that contributed to a hostile relationship between Japan and the united states

Anti-Asian sentiment emerged on the West Coast of the United States as more Japanese immigrants arrived. When the San Francisco School Board banned Japanese, Chinese, and Korean children from attending public schools with white children, Japanese leaders became enraged. Roosevelt helped to defuse the tension somewhat with the Gentleman's Agreement

discuss the events that led to boxer rebellion

As Western world powers became increasingly involved in China, many Chinese people came to oppose these outside influences. They joined secret societies that condemned Western customs and celebrated Chinese heritage. One such society grew violent and staged the Boxer Rebellion.

identify the major battles of the Spanish American war

Battle of San Juan Hill will be a turning point in the Spanish American war and teddy Roosevelt becomes a war hero in this battle

analyze how economic concerns influenced the open door policy and u.s relations with japan

Believed in the open door would allow him to gain a noncommittal option in china, They had colonial possessions and spheres of influences in china already

explain why the united states needed to expand its trade into new markets

By the end of the 1800s, the United States was producing more goods than it could consume. This led to a decline in prices that harmed farmers and laborers. In order to prevent a loss of jobs and factory closures, the United States needed to sell its surplus goods overseas in new markets.

summarize the concept of manifest Destiney

Earlier in the nineteenth century, many Americans believed it was their "Manifest Destiny" to settle the western frontier, and expand to the Pacific Ocean. Later, some also applied the concept to spreading American customs and values around the world.

evaluate the acquisition of Hawaii by the united states

President Harrison signed treaty but was out of office before senate approval-President Cleveland investigated and Hawaiian people didn't want this. President said no to annex-American's wanted it- President McKinley annexed Hawaii

Dollar Diplomacy

President Taft's policy of expanding American investments abroad

Roosevelt Corollary

President Theodore Roosevelt's reassertion of the Monroe Doctrine to keep the Western Hemisphere free from intervention by European powers

analyze the effects of roosevelt big stick diplomacy and tafts dollar diplomacy

Roosevelt's Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine that declared the United States could intervene, or use military force to keep peace, in Latin American countries when necessary.Dollar Diplomacy focused on business. Taft believed the United States should invest in other countries to countries.Woodrow Wilson, the next president, followed Moral Diplomacy, which is also known as Missionary Diplomacy, the idea of refusing to recognize governments that were not democraticRoosevelt's "big stick" was militaryTaft's "big stick" was business

explain how some used social Darwinism to justify imperialism

Social Darwinism was based on the premise that certain nations and races were superior to others. This belief suggested that racial and cultural attributes accounted for the fact that some nations' economies and political systems were less developed than others, This belief in turn justified imperialism.

what was the impact of the Platt Amendment

The Platt Amendment made Cuba a protectorate of the United States. Even though the United States had promised that it wouldn't annex Cuba after the Spanish-American War, this amendment gave it the power to restrict the rights of Cubans and to control Cuba's foreign relations.

summarize the results of the treaty of Paris and the teller Amendment, and explain why these proved to be complicated for the united states

The Treaty of Paris concluded the Spanish American War. From the treaty America got Guam, Puerto Rico and they paid 20 million dollars for the Philippines. Cuba was freed from Spain.Teller Amendment declared that the US had no desire for control in Cuba & pledged the US would leave the island alone.Public opinion in U.S. divided over the issue of imperialism in Philippines. They had to give up the island and from then on other nations could get it.

Examine what happened to Puerto Rico and Cuba after the Spanish American War

The Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the Spanish-American War and officially approving the cession of Puerto Rico to the United States. Became an independent country rather than a U.S. territory.

explain how the united states gained influence in Latin America

The United States saw Latin America as a region in which it could expand economic trade. Americans developed diplomatic connections while speaking with Latin American delegates during the International Pan-American Conference. Later, the construction of the Pan-American Highway system facilitated trade between North and South America.

explain how the yellow press affected relations between the United States and Spain

The Yellow Press publications exaggerated Spanish offences and compared the Cuban rebellion to the American Revolution, which inspired American jingoism and anger toward Spain. American popular opinion of Spain dropped before the onset of the Spanish-American War.

How did Puerto Rico pose a problem for the united states after the Spanish American war

The treaties that ended the Spanish-American War were ambiguous about the political future of Puerto Rico. Unclear about what should happen to the country, the United States established a government that allowed Puerto Ricans to take part in politics, but still restricted many of their rights.

Big Stick Diplomacy

Theodore Roosevelt's policy of creating and using, when necessary, a strong military to achieve America's goals

explain the purpose of Roosevelt corollary

To justify US military intervention in Latin America if necessary to forestall interference by European nations.

describe the consequences of the war including the debate over imperialism

Treaty of Paris- Spain gave up control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Guam-Spain sold the pHilippine to the US for $20 million-debate over the Philippines and US imperialism

explain the causes of the Spanish-American war

U.S. support of Cuba's independence2. To protect U.S. business interests in Cuba3. Yellow Journalism4. Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine

describe the conditions that u.s troops faced during the Spanish-American war, and how they affected the war's outcome

U.S. troops were poorly trained and supplied with obsolete weapons, impractical clothing, and contaminated food. In addition, the spread of malaria and yellow fever resulted in many U.S. casualties. However, the United States was able to win the war despite these adversities.

discuss the role of the Spanish-American war in determining in the winner of the 1900 u.s presidential election

William McKinley named Theodore Roosevelt as his vice-presidential running mate in his presidential campaign against William Jennings Bryan. Roosevelt was widely regarded as a war hero of the Spanish-American War, and McKinley won the election partly on Roosevelt's popularity

compare Wilsons moral diplomacy with the foreign policy of his predecessors

Wilson opposed imperialism. He believed that democracy was essential to a nation's stability and prosperity. He wanted the United States to promote democracy to create a world free of revolution and war. He hoped the United States would lead by moral example, but his first international crisis thwarted that hope

Moral Diplomacy

Woodrow Wilson's statement that the U.S. would not use force to assert influence in the world, but would instead work to promote human rights

explain why many world powers developed extractive economies during the 1800s, and why this was less important for the united states

World powers extracted raw materials and natural resources from their foreign colonies. The United States, on the other hand, was rich in natural resources that could be used in manufacturing and was less concerned with finding them abroad.

Sphere of Influence

a region dominated and controlled by an outside power

Russo-Japanese War

a war between Japan and Russia in 1904 over the presence of Russian troops in Manchuria

jingoism

aggressive nationalism; support for warlike foreign policy

Open Door Policy

an American statement that the government did not want colonies in China, but favored free trade there

Great White Fleet

battleships sent by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1907 on a "good will cruise" around the world

extractive economy

economy in a colony where the colonizing country removed raw materials and shipped them back home to benefit its own economy

Rough Riders

group of men, consisting of rugged westerners and upper-class easterners who fought during the Spanish-American War

Panama Canal

human-made waterway linking the Atlantic to the Pacific across the Isthmus of Panama

Foraker Act

law establishing a civil government in Puerto Ric

Yellow Press

newspapers that used sensational headlines and exaggerated stories in order to promote readership

guerrilla warfare

nontraditional combat methods

explain how the united states took its first steps toward the position of world power

opened trade with Japan, possession of the Midway Islands, Increased trade with Hawaii and naval base at Pearl Harbor, bought Alaska from Russia, Pan-American highway

Gentlemen's Agreement

pact between the United States and Japan to end segregation of Asian children in San Francisco public schools; in return, Japan agreed to limit the emigration of its citizens to the United States

Sanford B. Dole

played an important role in the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy. After the overthrow, Dole was elected president of the Provisional Government. He petitioned the American government to annex the Hawaiian Islands. In 1898, Hawaii became a United States territory with Dole as its first governor.

Imperialism

political, military, and economic domination of strong nations over weaker territories

what are the pros and cons of the treaty of paris

pros -U.S acquires the Philippines -treaty benefits u.s more than spain -guam and puerto rico become apart of u.s territor -u.s expands influence aand becomes new player in world politics cons -Guerilla fighting against U.S troops in the philippines lasts 3 years -u.s loses ten more troops in the philippenines than in the spanish american war -public opinion in u.s divided over the issue of imperialisim in philippines -becasue of its rising global influence, U.S clashes with china and Japan

insurection

rebellion

John Hay

served as U.S. secretary of state from 1895 to 1905, guiding U.S. diplomacy as the country emerged as a world power. He was instrumental in crafting the Open Door policy toward China

Platt Amendment

set of conditions under which Cuba was granted independence in 1902, including restrictions on rights of Cubans and granting the U.S. the "right to intervene" to preserve order in Cuba

Queen Liliuokalani

succeeded her brother King Kalakaua in 1891 as the leader of the Hawaiian people. She was the first and only reigning Hawaiian queen and the last Hawaiian sovereign to govern the islands. Although tried to regain control of lands owned by white plantation owners, she was overthrown in 1893, and the U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898

Social Darwinism

the belief held by some in the late nineteenth century that certain nations and races were superior to others and therefore destined to rule over them

Boxer Rebellion

violence started by members of a secret society in China, which prompted the governments of Europe and America to send troops to squash the rebellion

Francisco "Pancho" Villa

was a Mexican revolutionary and guerrilla leader. In 1916 Villa's forces killed 18 Americans in New Mexico, which resulted in U.S. General John J. Pershing's unsuccessful expedition into Mexico with 10,000 troops to capture and punish Villa

Matthew Perry

was a U.S. naval officer who led an American naval fleet in 1853 to 1854 that forced Japan into trade and diplomatic relations with the West after more than two centuries of isolation. Perry's journey opened further American expansion across the Pacific Ocean

Fredrick Jackson Turner

was an American historian whose works greatly influenced future writings about American history. Turner promoted using social sciences in historical writings and stressed the use of concepts such as immigration, urbanization, economic development, and social and cultural history when trying to understand historical event

Alfred T. Mahan

was an American naval officer and historian who urged American leaders to build a stronger navy and to obtain naval bases in Cuba, Hawaii, and the Philippines. Mahan was also an early proponent of building a canal through Central America to allow U.S. naval vessels to move quickly between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans

George Dewey

was an American naval officer who commanded the U.S. fleet that defeated the Spanish at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War. In 1899, Congress promoted Dewey to the rank of admiral of the navy, the highest rank ever held by a U.S. naval officer

William Randolph Hearst

was an American newspaper publisher who created the nation's largest newspaper chain. Hearst, along with Joseph Pulitzer, helped popularize investigative reporting and sensationalist journalism

Jose Marti

was an exiled Cuban writer who became the symbol of Cuba's struggle for independence from Spain. Mart' helped establish the Cuban Revolutionary Party and was elected its leader in 1892. In 1895 MartÌ_ helped launched a war of independence against Spain. He died a month later in battle on the plains of Dos RÌ_os

William Howard Taft

was the 27th president of the United States from 1909 to 1913. In 1901, Taft became the first civilian governor of the Philippines. In that post, Taft worked to rebuild the economy and reestablish order. In 1921, President Harding appointed Taft the 10th chief justice of the United States, where he served for 9 years

Emilio Aguinaldo

was the leader of the Filipino forces that fought for independence against Spain in the 1890s. Disillusioned with the U.S. presence in the Philippines following the war, Aguinaldo helped organize an insurrection against U.S. rule. He was captured by U.S. forces in 1901, effectively ending the Filipino's fight for independence