U.S. History: War of 1812 QUIZ
Why was this a peculiar war?
- Misleading name. (After war had been declared June of 1812, the war lasted 32 months until 1815, so it really was not a small war.) - Greatest win of the war, the Battle of New Orleans, had been won after peace had already been signed upon through the Treaty of Ghent, due to slow communication.
Why should this war be remembered?
-Abolished the Indians' potential to resist American expansion east of the Mississippi River -Provided America the opportunity to rewrite its boundaries with Spain, along with confirming control over the Gulf of Mexico and lower Mississippi River -Responsible for Federalist Party downfall
What factors led to the defeat of the British at New Orleans?
-Andrew Jackson -Militia fighters, Indians, slaves, frontiersmen, and pirates (frontal attack) -American Marines, who succeeded in stopping the British in gaining ground near Louisiana and Florida.
List: American failures during the war:
-Attempted invasion of Canada embarrassed nation (thanks Jefferson) -British captured national capital, Burning of Washington
List the reasons for declaration of war:
-British impressment of soldiers -Restore national honor -Believed British supported American Indians on the western frontier instead of America
Burning of Washington: what is it?
-British revenge for Americans burning buildings in Canada -Darkest day in American history before Civil War
What happens the day after the burning of Washington?
-British set fire to the Library of Congress and the Navy Yard -Hurricane strikes Washington (bye bye British) -Tornado also appears and British casualties increase
List: American successes during the war:
-Captured 4 british ships -Defeated British flotilla on Lake Erie -Retake Detroit -Killed Tecumseh -Killed Creek Indians, seize spanish fort -Create national anthem due to Baltimore victory -Force British troops to retreat to Canada -Greatest victory: New Orleans
Battle of Tippecanoe does what?
-Inflamed the west -Agitated War Hawks -Showed British complicity in Indian uprising
Federalists Post-War:
-Looked weak for opposing a successful war -When treaty of ghent is discovered, federalist party dies
What does Jackson do to the city as the British advance?
-Put the city in lockdown (established a border) -Put up an early blockade to intercept the British fleets, but it didn't stop them; it slowed them down.
What were the terms of the Treaty of Ghent?
-Restored prewar boundaries (status quo)
Impact/ importance of the War of 1812:
-Sparked nationalism -Promoted expansion (indian territory became states) -NATIONAL ANTHEM
What were the results of the war?
-Win for America -Led to patriotism spreading across the country. -United States allowed to completely be an independent country under a Republican Constitution.
Battle of Tippecanoe: what year did it occur?
1811
In what year did it become our National Anthem?
1931
Jefferson's Influence: Jefferson was Madison's what?
Advisor
Battle of Lake Erie is victorious for who?
America
Battle of Tippecanoe: who leads America and who leads Indian Confederation?
America; Gov. Harrison Indians; Tecumseh
Battle of Baltimore date + info?
American Victory Fort McHenry Inspired anthem
Battle of New Orleans (Jan 8-26, 1815)
American Victory Led by Jackson (invaded FL, defeat natives + Spaniards) Looked like America forced Britain to surrender at the time (before clarity of date of Treaty)
What happens to affect the British land invasion?
American rifleman singles out General Ross, shoots and kills him. Colonel Brooke is successor.
What was the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809?
Americans could trade everywhere but England and France
Who stands in the way of the British?
Andrew Jackson
What is Britain's next objective after the defeat at Baltimore?
Assault in New Orleans
On what date do the British burn Washington D.C.?
August 24, 1814
Where do the British go next after Washington?
Baltimore
What land battle was our worst loss?
Battle of Detroit
What was the first battle of War of 1812?
Battle of Tippecanoe
Why was Britain's next objective after Baltimore to plan an assault in New Orleans?
Britain wanted to link up with Canada and control the United States from the North, South, and West.
What territory did the U.S. want from Britain?
Canada
1811: The War Hawks: Which of the men from the Great Triumvirate want war?
Clay and Calhoun
What did Britain to do make U.S. hostile to them?
Continual violation of America's shipping rights Impressment of soldiers
Battle of Lake Erie is turning point of War of 1812 because?
Enables America to take back Detroit, helps defeat Tecumseh
What happens to England due to Macon Bill #2?
England goes ballistic. Naval hostilities intensify.
Who opposed the war and will suffer from our victory in the War of 1812?
Federalists delegates who pushed for secession of New England; they were labeled as traitors and suffered ridicule from society
Hartford Convention (Dec 15, 1814): Describe:
Federalists met up at Hartford to discuss peace with Britain but instead demand constitutional amendments to strengthen New England
What fort protects Baltimore?
Fort McHenry
Who wrote Star-Spangled Banner?
Francis Scott Key
How did Francis Scott Key get into the position of writing the "Star-Spangled Banner"?
He saw the joy and hope of American soldiers on September 14 when Brooke orders a retreat back to the British ships at dawn.
Who lead the War Hawks?
Henry Clay
Jefferson's Influence: What does he want to do?
Invade Canada (this fails badly)
President during this time?
James Madison
Madison asks congress to declare war on what date?
June 1, 1812
When is War of 1812 formally declared?
June 18, 1812
Who prevents the British from leading an all-out assault on U.S. in 1813?
Napoleon
What part of the nation is opposed to war?
New England and Federalists
Nickname of USS Constitution (ship)?
Old ironsides
Battle of Lake Erie is led by who?
Oliver Perry
What did the U.S. encourage for lack of a navy?
Privateering
Battle of Lake Erie; date
September 10, 1813
When do the British begin their land march?
September 11, 1814
What does this map suggest about the growth and spread of the U.S. population during the 1810s?
This suggests that the U.S. population is rapidly growing which is causing the need for more lands. Acquired territories soon become states when the population reaches a certain number
The Great Triumvirate
Three men who used their passion, intellect, debating skills, and pure representation of their region who dominated politics: -West: Henry Clay (Kentucky) -South: John C. Calhoun (South Carolina) -North: Daniel Webster (Massachusetts)
What ship gave us first naval victory?
USS Constitution
Why doesn't the Treaty of Ghent end the war in December 1814?
Was ratified too late (on December 30, 1814.) Along with this, the American army had just won the Battle of New Orleans soon after in January of 1815, so it took the U.S. Senate until February of 1815 to unanimously ratify the Treaty of Ghent.
Which of the men from the GT does not want war?
Webster
Which of the men from the GT hate each other, which will help in the end?
Webster and Calhoun
Battle of Plattsburgh date + info?
Win for America Forced British troops into Canada
What was the Macon Bill #2?
Withdrew trade restrictions with France and England on condition they would halt impression (Napoleon lies, they don't halt, Madison is fooled)
not only a battle among nations but also...
battle of a nation in conflict with itself
what connects the states
shipping/commerce