vocab 1-15

deduction

If you get a tax deduction it means you get to reduce the amount of your income that is subject to tax. If something's on sale, you might get a percentage deduction from the original price. Deduction means taking away, or an amount taken away.

coordination

working together Coordination is the act of arranging, putting things in order, or making things run smoothly together. Fencing might seem like a breeze, but it actually takes the graceful coordination of your hands, eyes, feet and mind.

contract

written agreement When you and someone else have agreed on something and that agreement is both binding and enforceable by law, you have a contract. When you rent an apartment, you and your future landlord sign a rental contract.

text

written or type language

principle

basic rule or law

conduct

behavior

involved

being a part of something

convention

a big meeting A convention is a meeting, usually of a particular group. Political parties, teachers, plumbers, gardeners, toymakers and computer designers all hold conventions.

assistance

help

resident

person who lives in a home

regulation

rule, law

criteria

something used to test something A criterion is a standard for judging something. If you are holding a cupcake competition, your number one criterion might be the smoothness of frosting.

available

something you can have available means "not busy or not taken." "Is this seat available?" "Are you available, or are you married?"

required

something you need to do

framework

structure Framework refers to the initial structure of a building. If you ever wanted to walk through walls, you can get your chance when a new house has just the framework done, because the house will have walls with openings for windows and doors but no plaster or siding.

environment

surrounding; anything around you Think of the environment as everything that is around you. A quiet room with good lighting and no distractions is a good environment for doing homework, or at least that's what your parents and teachers think.

injury

when you get hurt

investment

when you spend money on something to make more money

source

where something comes from

issue

topic; subject; problem

percent

% every 100

focus

(to) concentrate

labor

(to) work

community

a group of people

policy

a group of rules

range

a group of things that may be similar or different

commission

a group with a special job

category

a group with similar items

legislation

a law passed by the government

individual

a single thing; one thing

influence

affect

legal

agree with the law

constant

always

theory

an idea that has some proof

specific

an individual details, have more details

alternative

another choice When you're facing a fork in the road, you have two possibilities, or alternatives. You could take the left fork and see where it leads, or you could choose the path that goes to the right.

response

answer; reply; to talk back

sector

area of a place

region

area; location

credit

borrowed money

construction

building or making something

analysis

careful study Use the noun analysis to describe the way you understand something by looking at it in different ways and studying its different parts.

core

center If you're looking for the most essential part or the very center of something, you're looking for its core. Like the inedible middle of an apple or your inner circle of core friends.

variable

changing, something that change

previous

coming or occurring before something else

corporate

company; group Corporate means having to do with a corporation. Playing golf can be a part of corporate culture. A corporate jet is one owned by the company and used for company business.

appropriate

correct

journal

diary; magazine

distinction

difference

consequences

results (usually bad)

instance

example

interpretation

explanation of meaning

evidence

export Evidence is anything that can be used to prove something — like the evidence presented in a trial, or the trail of bread crumbs that is evidence of the path Hansel took through the woods.

constraint

something that doesn't let you do something

initial

first

primary

first, most important

emphasis

focus While the emphasis, or main focus, for walking a dog might be on "answering the call of nature," the emphasis for the dog might be on chasing squirrels.

structure

form; organization of something

acquisition

getting something

financial

having to do with money If you are short on cash, you might say you have a financial problem. Talking about finances is a polite and formal way to refer to money.

economic

having to do with money & business If you describe something as economic, then it relates to the economy. And the economy? It's all about money, honey.

positive

good or sure

institute

group

complex

having many part and difficult to understand

function

how something works; social event In the old "Schoolhouse Rock" song, "Conjunction junction, what's your function?," the word function means, "What does a conjunction do?" The famous design dictum "form follows function" tells us that an object's design should reflect what it does.

significant

important

factor

important part A factor is a part or element that contributes to a result. If you only fly budget airlines and refuse to stay anywhere but youth hostels, then money is probably a big factor in your travel plans.

data

information Data is information, specifically, facts and numbers used to analyze something or make decisions. He also worries about the data, or lack thereof.

participation

involved

considerable

large

final

last

administration

leadership

excluded

left out Exclude means to leave out — like when the cool kids won't let you in on their game of four-square or the pizza guy leaves your neighborhood out from his delivery zone.

survey

list of questions; to review, to look over

definition

meaning of a word A good definition explains concisely what something means. But one thing it can never be, by definition, is home.

contribution

something that you give to something

period

moment in time

funds

money

income

money you earn

dominant

most powerful, strongest Dominant means to be in control. In a wolf pack, one male wolf fights the others, wins, and is considered the dominant, or alpha male. The other wolves in the pack do what he tells them.

major

most(very) important

immigration

moving from one country to another

document

n. to paper v. to write down on paper A document is a piece of paper that contains official information. Don't you wish you had a document saying that the bank owed you $5 million?

consumer

one who uses a product

comment

opinion, to give a opinion

component

part

section

part of an area

aspect

part of something

elements

parts

features

parts

compensation

payment back to someone

area

place or space The area is a part of a place, usually defined by a function. If you can't stop talking, don't sit in the quiet area of the library.

site

place, location

design

plan

formula

plan A formula is generally a fixed pattern that is used to achieve consistent results. It might be made up of words, numbers, or ideas that work together to define a procedure to be followed for the desired outcome.

strategy

plan, method

method

plan; procedure

impact

point of contact, strong effect

role

position, job

potential

possible, capable of being or become

security

protection, being safe

normal

regular, average

relevant

related

similar

same

chapter

section

process

series of events that have a result

circumstance

situation A circumstance is the condition in which something happens. Say you were at a business luncheon and you were accidentally fed psychedelic mushrooms in your ravioli, your boss might excuse the weird things you said, given the circumstance.

traditional

something done again and again for a long time

benefit

something good for you A benefit is something that helps you, whether in the form of health insurance provided by an employer, welfare given by the government to those in need, or the benefit of the doubt extended to you by a friend.

equation

something is equal on both sides

constitutional

something that agrees with U.S law Constitutional means having to do with the document that is the foundation of a government

resource

something that can be used to help you

context

something that comes before or after Context means the setting of a word or event. If your friend is furious at you for calling her your worst enemy, remind her that the context of those remarks was Opposite Day.

maintenance

taking care of something so it doesn't break

evaluation

test

assessment

test Assessment is a word you hear a lot around schools -- it means figuring out what someone knows or has learned. A test can be an assessment tool, or a term paper, or a project.

conclusion

the end

culture

the way of life for a group of people

procedure

the way something is done

item

things (not people)

assume

to believe without evidence Assume isn't only used to mean "accept as truth without checking"; it also means "take on the form of." It might be safer if you don't assume that the vampire standing in front of you isn't merely a person assuming that form.

purchase

to buy something, something you buy

select

to choose, to pick

approach

to come up to To approach is to get near something. An airplane is cleared for a final approach just as the wheels approach the landing strip.

illustrate

to draw

obtain

to get

derive

to get from somewhere If you want to talk about something that comes from something else, but you want to sound sophisticated and maybe financial or scientific, use derive That scent? It's derived from a solution of roses boiled with toothpicks.

distribute

to give out To distribute is to disperse widely, hand out or spread around. While you're still snoozing, the paper boy is busy distributing the newspaper all over the neighborhood.

estimate

to guess A rough calculation or appraisal is an estimate. When you hit another baseball through the kitchen window, your parents will get an estimate of the repair costs. And you should estimate being grounded for approximately 3 weeks.

occur

to happen

imply

to hint

affect

to influence

consent

to let someone do something

sought

to look for

research

to look for; to find

create

to make To create simply means to make or bring into existence. Bakers create cakes, ants create problems at picnics, and you probably created a few imaginary friends when you were little.

ensure

to make sure When you ensure that something will happen, you guarantee it. All that homework will ensure that you have no time for fun this afternoon!

transfer

to move from one place to another

identify

to name something You might identify a Ming dynasty vase, a suspect in a bank robbery, or an ivory-billed woodpecker. Whatever it is, when you recognize the identity of someone or something, you identify it. identity (a noun, meaning who or what something is)

establish

to set up To establish something means to begin it or bring it about. If you want everyone in your family to bring you chocolate every evening, you can establish a "Chocolates for Me" policy requiring it.

indicate

to show

demonstrate

to show When you demonstrate something, you show what it is or how it works. To demonstrate how your new juicer works, you should have lots of kale, carrots, and beets on hand — and some brave friends to try your concoction.

restrict

to stop something

achieve

to succeed, to reach a goal

perceive

to understand

correspond

to write, to communicate When you correspond with someone, you send messages back and forth. Hand-written letters, email, even text messages are ways to correspond.