Vol 5 CH 1
A 22-year-old woman presents with severe abdominal pain and signs of shock. When asked whether she is pregnant, she states, "There's no way I'm pregnant, I have an IUD." Which of the following is the most likely cause of her signs and symptoms? A. Ectopic pregnancy B. Endometriosis C. Pelvis inflammatory disease D. Miscarriage
A. Ectopic pregnancy
Which of the following occurs during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle? A. Endometrial thickening B. An increase in uterine vascularity C. A drop in estroge in levels D. Ovulation
A. Endometrial thickening
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate way to control vaginal bleeding in the prehospital setting? A. Using a tampon B. Placing sterile gauze over the opening of the vagina. C. Placing an absorbent pad under the patient D. Using a sanitary napkin
A. Using a tampon
A 20-year-old sexually active woman presents with severe right-side abdominal pain that radiates to her back. She states that the pain came on sharply during intercourse about 15 minutes earlier, and she reports a small amount of vaginal bleeding. She states that her menstrual cycles have been irregular for the past 3 months. The most likely clinical diagnosis would be: A. ruptured ovarian cyst. B. ruptured ectopic pregnancy. C. spontaneous abortion. D. pelvic inflammatory disease.
A. ruptured ovarian cyst.
A 22-year-old woman presents in moderate distress, complaining of diffuse lower abdominal pain. She states that the pain has become progressively worse for the past two weeks and she is now unable to walk without an increase in pain. Your physical exam reveals severe pain with palpation of the lower abdomen and the following vital signs: heart rate 102, blood pressure 118/74 mmHg, and respirations 20. Which of the following statements made by the patient would MOST indicate the presence of pelvic inflammatory disease? A. "My boyfriend was just diagnosed with chlamydia." B. "My last menstrual cycle was normal." C. "I have chronic urinary tract infections." D. "I just had an IUD inserted."
A. "My boyfriend was just diagnosed with chlamydia."
You are called to the scene of a sexual assault. The patient is a 17-year-old female who is crying inconsolably and withdraws when you attempt to touch her. Which of the following is the most appropriate response? A. Tell the patient that you cannot help her if she won't allow you to touch her. B. Explain to the patient that you will not touch her if she does not want you too. C. Explain to the patient that she must allow you to examine her for injuries. D. Ask the patient to describe how she was assaulted so you know where she is injured.
B. Explain to the patient that you will not touch her if she does not want you too.
Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy include all of the following EXCEPT: A. previous ectopic pregnancies. B. IV drug usage. C. use of an intrauterine device for birth control. D. pelvic inflammatory disease.
B. IV drug usage.
A 26-year-old woman is complaining of severe abdominal pain and heavy vaginal bleeding. She has used five sanitary napkins in the past hour. Her last menstrual period was six weeks ago, and she describes a history of irregular periods, but never to this extent. Management of this patient should include: A. IM epinephrine. B. IV fluids. C. IV dextrose. D. oral antiemetic.
B. IV fluids.
A 34-year-old woman presents with complaints of vaginal bleeding and pain during intercourse. Her last menstrual period was two weeks ago and was reportedly heavier than normal. She reports that she had saturated two menstrual pads in the past two hours. You should: A. ask her if she has a family history of uterine cancer. B. assess vital signs and transport. C. advise her to insert a tampon to control the bleeding. D. apply oxygen and start a large-bore IV.
B. assess vital signs and transport.
A 22-year-old woman presents with left-sided lower abdominal pain. She reports that her last menstrual cycle ended approximately 10 days ago. Her blood pressure is normal and she rates the pain as 6 on a scale of 10. You should: A. look for vaginal bleeding. B. palpate the abdomen. C. administer oxygen. D. withhold pain medication.
B. palpate the abdomen.
A 27-year-old woman reports significant vaginal bleeding. She states that she is 11 weeks pregnant and awoke this morning to heavy bleeding including the passage of clots. She is crying and very upset, stating, "I can't lose this baby-I can't live with that." When caring for this patient, you should: A. perform a vaginal exam to determine if she is still bleeding. B. transport the patient in a position of comfort and provide emotional support. C. ask her if she has ever had a miscarriage. D. inform the patient's husband that she may be having a miscarriage.
B. transport the patient in a position of comfort and provide emotional support.
A 30-year-old woman has right-sided abdominal pain and is hypotensive. You suspect she may have a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. You recognize: A. potentially dangerous obstructive shock that requires rapid transport. B. life-threatening hemorrhagic shock and the need for fluid resuscitation. C. a common medical condition that affects many women each year. D. a very rare disease process that requires immediate surgery to save the pregnancy.
B. life-threatening hemorrhagic shock and the need for fluid resuscitation.
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate adaptation to make in the assessment and care of a sexual assault victim? A. Keep the back of the ambulance well lit and warm. B. Do not touch the patient unless it is necessary to obtain vital signs or examine injuries. C. Ask simple, closed-ended questions about the nature of the assault. D. Allow a friend to accompany the victim in the back of the ambulance.
C. Ask simple, closed-ended questions about the nature of the assault.
Your patient is a 36-year-old woman who is alert and complaining of abdominal pain. She states that she is having her period and that this pain is "much different than the cramps I usually get." She describes the pain as achy throughout her pelvis and lower abdomen. She says that this has occurred the past three menstrual cycles and that she has experienced dyspareunia and spotting over the same period. She is G2P2 and has no other significant gynecologic history. Physical examination reveals pain with palpation over her entire abdomen; her skin is warm and dry. Vital signs are: heart rate 84, blood pressure 124/76 mmHg, respiration 12, SpO2 = 99%. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for this patient? A. Uterine fibroids B. Primary dysmenorrhea C. Endometriosis D. Polycystic ovary disease
C. Endometriosis
Mittelschmerz refers to which of the following? A. False labor pains B. Painful urination C. Midcycle abdominal pain D. Purulent vaginal discharge
C. Midcycle abdominal pain
Your patient is a 44-year-old woman who is alert and in mild distress. She states that she had an acute onset of sharp, right lower quadrant abdominal pain last evening while having intercourse and that the pain has not subsided. Physical examination reveals tenderness with palpation to the lower right abdominal quadrant. Vital signs are: heart rate 98, respirations 16, blood pressure 116/78 mmHg. She reports she had a tubal ligation ten years ago and that she has several small fibroid tumors. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for this patient? A. Mittelschmerz B. Pelvic inflammatory disease C. Ruptured ovarian cyst D. Ectopic pregnancy
C. Ruptured ovarian cyst
Your patient tells you that she is being treated for cystitis. You recognize that she is being treated for: A. pelvic inflammatory disease. B. an ectopic pregnancy. C. a urinary tract infection. D. ovarian cysts.
C. a urinary tract infection.
A 35-year-old woman has been raped. She states repeatedly that she wants to change her clothes before going to the hospital, and becomes hysterical when you advise her that she should remain dressed to preserve evidence. You should: A. allow her to change only her shirt, not her pants or undergarments. B. refuse to let her change her clothing, as it will destroy evidence. C. allow her to change and carefully bag each item of clothing. D. promise to let her change as soon as you get to the hospital.
C. allow her to change and carefully bag each item of clothing.
Your patient is an 18-year-old woman who is alert and in moderate distress, complaining of abdominal pain and light-headedness. She describes a four-week history of worsening unilateral lower quadrant abdominal pain with onset of malaise, nausea, and vomiting this week. Today, she is experiencing faintness and near-syncope with exertion. She denies pain or difficulty with urination. Her last menstrual period was two weeks ago. She is sexually active and uses oral contraceptives. Physical examination reveals marked tenderness and guarding with palpation of her abdomen. Her skin is cool and diaphoretic. Her vital signs are: heart rate 121, blood pressure 90/58 mmHg, respirations 18. The patient's presentation is most consistent with: A. pyelonephritis. B. ectopic pregnancy. C. pelvic inflammatory disease. D. spontaneous abortion.
C. ectopic pregnancy.
Menorrhagia is: A. painful menstruation. B. irregular cycles of menstruation. C. excessive menstrual flow. D. absence of menstruation.
C. excessive menstrual flow.
All of the following are associated with spontaneous abortion EXCEPT: A. nontraumatic vaginal bleeding. B. cramping abdominal pain. C. hypotension and fever. D. the passage of clots and tissue.
C. hypotension and fever.
A 35-year-old woman presents with abdominal pain that she describes as "cramping and dull." She reports having multiple sexual partners in the past six months, and states that she has an IUD. Vital signs are: blood pressure 118/76 mmHg, heart rate 88, and respirations 18. Appropriate care of this patient includes: A. cardiac monitoring and transport. B. elevating the legs during transport. C. position of comfort and routine ALS care. D. examining the genitalia for hemorrhage.
C. position of comfort and routine ALS care.
Your patient is a transgender man complaining of severe lower abdominal pain. He states that he is in the process of transitioning from female to male, and that he takes hormone supplements. When evaluating this patient, which of the following questions is MOST appropriate? A. "Are you usually sexually active with men, or with women?" B. "Are you planning to have gender reassignment surgery?" C. "When was your last menstrual cycle?" D. "How often do you use illegal drugs?"
C. "When was your last menstrual cycle?"
A 19-year-old woman presents with severe lower abdominal pain, an oral temperature of 102.4°F, and skin that is pale and sweaty. She reports that she had an elective abortion 72 hours earlier and has had bloody vaginal discharge ever since. Appropriate treatment for this patient would include which of the following? A. Position of comfort, pain medication, and delayed transport B. Detailed secondary exam and 12-lead ECG C. Knee-chest position and rapid transport D. IV fluids, oxygen, and transport
D. IV fluids, oxygen, and transport
Which of the following is TRUE of mittelschmerz? A. It is typically located unilaterally in one of the upper abdominal quadrants. B. It is a sign of ectopic pregnancy. C. It is usually accompanied by heavy vaginal bleeding. D. It is associated with ovulation.
D. It is associated with ovulation.
Your patient is a 42-year-old woman who is alert and upset, complaining of vaginal bleeding. She states that the bleeding began ten hours ago and is heavier than her normal menstrual flow. Her last menstrual period was three months ago, G3P3, and there is no other significant gynecologic history. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her signs and symptoms? A. Pelvic inflammatory disease B. Ectopic pregnancy C. Menopause-related dysfunctional uterine bleeding D. Spontaneous abortion
D. Spontaneous abortion
The innermost lining of the uterus is called the: A. perimetrium. B. myometrium. C. vasometrium. D. endometrium.
D. endometrium.
A 30-year-old woman presents with a fever of 103.5°F, pale skin, and an altered mental status. She cries out and withdraws when you palpate her abdomen. Her husband reports that she had a cervical biopsy three days earlier, and has be "feeling sick" ever since. Vital signs are: blood pressure 88/60 mmHg, heart rate 110, and respirations 22. You suspect: A. hypovolemia secondary to miscarriage. B. infection of fibroid tumors. C. shock due to pelvic inflammatory disease. D. sepsis secondary to endometritis.
D. sepsis secondary to endometritis.
A 16-year-old female patient presents with complaints of abdominal pain and dizziness. She is pale and clammy, and reluctant to answer your questions regarding her sexual activity. Vital signs are: blood pressure 92/62 mmHg, heart rate 102, and respirations 20. You should: A. transport in a position of comfort. B. ask the mother if the patient might be pregnant. C. make it clear that she must be honest about her sexual history. D. start a large-bore IV and transport emergently.
D. start a large-bore IV and transport emergently.
A 33-year-old woman presents with a low-grade fever and abdominal pain. She reports that she noticed blood in her urine this morning. Which of the following questions would be MOST helpful when trying to identify the underlying cause of this patient's symptoms? A. "Do you take birth control?" B. "Have you vomited today?" C. "Have you noticed any foul-smelling discharge?" D. "Do you have any pain or burning with urination?"
D. "Do you have any pain or burning with urination?"
Your patient is a 35-year-old woman who is complaining of severe abdominal pain in both lower quadrants. She states that she had a tubal ligation two years ago. Which of the following questions is appropriate to ask during your care of this patient? A. "Have you ever had a sexually transmitted disease?" B. "Do you have more than one sexual partner?" C. "Have you ever had pelvic inflammatory disease?" D. "When was your last menstrual period?"
D. "When was your last menstrual period?"
The paramedic accurately describes the difference between endometritis and endometriosis when she states: A. "Endometritis patients can be transported code 2, while those with endometriosis should always go code 3." B. "Endometritis is an infection of the uterine lining, while endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus." C. "Endometriosis occurs in women under age 40, while endometriosis is more common in women who are older." D. "Endometriosis is an infection of the uterine lining, while endometritis occurs when endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus."
C. "Endometritis is an infection of the uterine lining, while endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus."