Vsim questions Rashid Ahmed

Hypokalemia is confirmed by what serum blood result? A. Potassium 5.5 mEq/L B. Sodium 133 mEq/L C. Sodium 146 mEq/L D. Potassium 3.0 mEq/L

D. Potassium 3.0 mEq/L

Considering Mr. Ahmed's diagnosis of dehydration and the possibility of neurological impairment, which nursing intervention is directed toward minimizing his risk for possible injury? A. Implementing falls precaution B. Administrating ondansetron with a full glass of water C. Educating the patient on the use of a calibrated urinal D. Assessing for orthostatic hypertension daily

A

What is the initial step in assessing a patient for orthostatic hypotension? A. After having the patient lie in a supine position for 3-10 minutes, take and record blood pressure and pulse. B. Encourage the patient to drink eight ounces of fluid, then take and record blood pressure and pulse. C. After having the patient sit upright with legs dangling for one to three minutes, take and record blood pressure and pulse. D. Assist patient into a standing position lasting two to three minutes, then take and record blood pressure and pulse.

A

Calculate the IV infusion rate using the following provider's order: 1000 mL of NS over 8 hours. Infusion set has a drop rate of 10 drops/mL. A. 21 drops/min B. 10 drops/min C. 41 drops/min D. 30 drops/min

A. 21 drops/min 1000 mL / 480mins x 10 drops = 20.8 → 21 drops/min 8 hrs = 480 mins

Which diagnostic test serves as the basis for determining acid-base imbalances? A. ABGs B. Specific gravity of urine C. Serum potassium D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A. ABGs

Which statement by Mr. Ahmed best reflects his ability to assume some responsibility in tracking his urinary output? A. I will always use the calibrated urinal to measure my urine. B. I will notify staff when I need to use the calibrated urinal. C. I listened as you discussed the instructions about the calibrated urinal. D. I understand that it's important to measure my urine with the calibrated urinal.

A. I will always use the calibrated urinal to measure my urine. only one that states he is WILLING to use it

What information will the nurse provide to a patient to best assure minimizing the risk of side effects associated with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim therapy? A. Increase fluid intake in order to remain well hydrated. B. Notify health care provider immediately if experiencing palpitations. C. Increase dietary consumption of dairy products. D. Arrange for a yearly flu vaccination.

A. Increase fluid intake in order to remain well hydrated. drink plenty of fluid to help prevent crystalluria & kidney stone formation while taking sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.

Reduced skin turgor is characteristically altered among which population? A. Older adults B. Premenstrual females C. Infants D. Smokers

A. Older adults

What information should be included when documenting a change in the infusion rate of an IV solution? (Select all that apply.) A. Original flow rate B. Change made to flow rate C. Nurse's initials D. Date and time change was made E. Patient's response to IV therapy

B, C, D, E

Which of Mr. Ahmed's lab results best supports his diagnosis of dehydration? A. Hemoglobin: 16.7 g/dL B. Sodium: 130 mEq/L C. White blood cells: 21x 10^9 D. Creatinine: 1.1 ng/dL

B. Sodium: 130 mEq/L Sodium range = 135-145 indicates hyponatremia, which is observed when the body experiences a ↓ in body water, such as dehydration

Which physical finding poses the greatest safety risk for a patient diagnosed with hyponatremia? A. Anxiety B. Dry mucous membranes C. Orthostatic hypotension D. Cold, clammy skin

C. Orthostatic hypotension All the options are possible. Orthostatic hypertension causes syncope when rising from a supine to sitting or standing position. This dizziness places the pt at ↑ risk for falls

Which statement concerning fluid balance demonstrates a need for additional instruction concerning fluid intake and output? A. Fluid output is comprised of feces, sweat, and exhaled air. B. It is recommended that a healthy adult consume 1 1/2 quarts of water daily. C. The balance between fluid intake and output must be achieved each day to maintain homeostasis. D. A desirable amount of fluid intake and output in adults ranges from 1500 to 3500 mL daily.

C. The balance between fluid intake and output must be achieved each day to maintain homeostasis.

In addition to regular monitoring of serum potassium level, which intervention will the nurse implement to address the safety needs of a patient prescribed intravenous potassium chloride? A. Delivering the medication by slow IV push B. Securing ECG regularly C. Shading windows to minimize sun exposure D. Monitoring for hyperactivity

B. Securing ECG regularly IV potassium replacement regular the pt be monitored w/regular ECGs & potassium levels.

In preparation for calculating the infusion rate for a newly ordered IV solution, the nurse must first secure what information? A. The status of the patient's IV site B. Patient's history of allergies C. The infusion set's drop factor D. When the IV is to be started

C. The infusion set's drop factor they are all important but not focused on the calculation of the infusion rate.

Hyponatremia is associated with a decrease of which electrolyte? A. Potassium B. Chloride C. Phosphorus D. Sodium

D. Sodium

Which statement by the nurse indicates a need for further education on the role of water as a body fluid? A. Water is transported to cells when it is attached to electrolytes. B. Tissue lubrication is facilitated by water. C. Water helps maintain normal body temperature. D. Waste products are removed from the cells by water.

A. Water is transported to cells when it is attached to electrolytes.

Which statement concerning the measurement of intake and output is true? A. When possible, intake and output should be measured rather than estimated. B. Only foods that are consumed as liquids are included in intake calculations. C. Liquid medications are not considered when calculating intake. D. Health care agencies have adopted standard volumes for common beverage containers.

A. When possible, intake and output should be measured rather than estimated.

What pathology is responsible for metabolic acidosis? A. An excess of HCO3 and/or a decrease in H+ ions B. An increase of CO2 C. A decrease of carbonic acid D. A decrease in bicarbonate or an increase in hydrogen ions

D. A decrease in bicarbonate or an increase in hydrogen ions

What determines the acidity of a substance like body fluids? A. The fluid's pH measurement B. The body's ability to trigger chemical reactions C. The amount of available HCO3 D. The number of existing H+ ions

D. The number of existing H+ ions