VT Python 1064 Rephactor
Which statement would produce the following output? "Oom Pah Pah Oom Pah Pah," that's how it goes.
print("\"Oom Pah Pah Oom Pah Pah,\" that's how it goes.");
Which range is produced by the function call range(5)?
0 1 2 3 4
What value is assigned to the variable num by the following statement if the current value of num is 4? (num = num*2)
8
Which of the following is a relational operator?
<=
The amount deposited into a BankAccount is held as instance data of the BankAccount class.
False
The askcolor method is defined in the webcolors module.
False
The body of a for loop cannot contain another for loop.
False
The open function accepts a string argument representing a path/file name and returns a string containing the file's data.
False
The pass statement is useless.
False
The stroke color of a filled turtle shape must be the same as the fill color.
False
The default anchor point for text on a Canvas is the northwest (upper left) corner of the text.
False
The goto command moves the turtle without drawing a line.
False
The if statement in the High-Low program had to be written so that it checks for the correct guess last.
False
The input function will produce an error if the value read is not numeric.
False
The value of the expression len(list) is one less than the number of elements in the list.
False
Python is probably the most popular programming language for data science.
True
The Python shell has an integrated help system.
True
A character encoding is the list of all characters used by a programming language.
false
The file chooser dialogs may look different on different types of computers.
True
The if clause in a comprehension is optional.
True
The math.pi constant represents pi to 15 decimal places.
True
The write method adds a newline character to the end of the output.
false
Which of the following follows the naming convention of a Python variable?
middle_initial
A function can either print output or return a value, but not both.
False
A polygon or polyline can have at most 10 vertices.
False
A polyline is created using a call to the create_polyline method.
False
A program that runs without generating a runtime error will produce correct results.
False
All mathematical functions in Python are part of the math module.
False
All values stored in a Python dictionary must be unique.
False
In Python, a class can only be derived from one parent class.
False
In the Counting Letters examples, the dictionary used to keep track of letter frequencies uses the count as the key.
False
In the High-Low program, it's impossible for the user to guess the target value in one guess.
False
What is ASCII?
A subset of Unicode containing primarily English characters and basic symbols
What is the result of the expression math.floor(12.843)?
12
What is the result of the expression 43 % 5?
3
str
A character string.
What does the following Turtle Graphics command do? turtle.circle(12, steps=6)
Draws a 6-sided polygon with radius 12.
What output is printed by the following code? str = 'Rephactor Python' index = 0 num = 0 while index < len(str): if str[index] == 'o': num += 1 index += 1 print('Num:', num)
Num: 2
Which image formats are reliably supported by Tkinter?
PNG and GIF
geometry manager
Specifies how GUI elements are laid out visually in a window
Which Tkinter text field widget allows for multiple lines of input?
Text
What do the characters in a Unicode escape sequence represent?
The hexadecimal code for a particular Unicode character
Given the following line of code, which list is produced by the expression states[-4:]? states = ['CA', 'WY', 'DE', 'MD', 'VA', 'FL', 'TX']
['MD', 'VA', 'FL', 'TX']
What output will the following code produce? list1 = [2, 9, 5, 7] list2 = [1, 4, 2, 3] print(list1 + list2)
[2,9,5,7,1,4,2,3]
defines something in terms of itself
a non-recursive part of a recursive definition
Algorithm
a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem
In the conversation program, which input value was converted to another type after being entered by the user?
age
Given the following line of code, which expression would produce the substring 'snapper'? young = 'whippersnapper'
all of the above (2/22 String Slicing)
What output does the following code produce? (print('apple', 'banana'))
apple banana
Which of the following arcs is the same as this one? canvas.create_arc(200, 220, 280, 270, start=40, extent=140)
canvas.create_arc(200, 220, 280, 270, start=-180, extent=-140)
print(my_list)
function call
What does the pass statement do?
nothing
Which of the following expressions would produce a value in the range 1 to 10?
random.randrange(1,11)
What range of values would the following expressions produce?
random.randrange(50) = 0-49 random.randrange(10, 30) = 10-29 random.randrange(-10, 12) = (-10)-11 random.randint(5, 20) = 5-20
Which category of data types represents an ordered collection of values?
sequence
A function can return a boolean result.
true
Which way would the turtle be facing after executing the command turtle.setheading(135)?
up and left (northwest)
If the turtle is currently facing up (north), which way would it be facing after executing the command turtle.right(45)?
up and right (northeast)
What output is produced by the following code? print(15 + 30)
45
How many times will the following code print the word 'wow'? for val in range(5, 10): print('wow')
5
Combo box
A widget that combines a text entry field with a dropdown list of selectable options
What is the Python shell?
A window in which Python statements and expressions are executed immediately
Which of the following string literals is NOT valid?
""\n""
What list of prime values is produced if the prime_sieve program is executed with an input value of 20?
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19
The pass statement has no effect on the program state.
True
The result of a relational operator can be assigned to a variable.
True
The set method can be used to set the value of a text field.
True
The shuffle method in the DeckOfCards class relies on a method from the Python Standard Library.
True
The value of a variable can change throughout a program.
True
Thonny displays code using syntax highlighting.
True
Thonny has a package manager that lets you install and update external Python packages.
True
Two functions can have the same name if they are in different modules.
True
Using square brackets to retrieve a value will result in a KeyError if the key is not in the dictionary.
True
Values passed to functions when the function is called are called arguments, and the the arguments' values are assigned to parameters to be used in the function.
True
When using a dictionary as a record, the name of the attribute is used as the key.
True
When using relational operators to compare character strings, 'Music' comes before 'music'.
True
You cannot change the contents of Python character string once it has been created.
True
Strings containing non-alphabetic characters cannot be compared using the relational operators.
False
The function askopenfilename returns a file object.
False
A class represents a group of similar objects.
True
A pass statement can be used as the body of an if statement, for loop, function definition, or class definition.
True
Setting the turtle's speed to 0 turns off the animation of the turtle movement completely.
True
Single-line comments are ignored by the Python interpreter, and so are only for human benefit.
True
The ASCII character set is a subset of the Unicode character set.
True
The High-Low program would still work if the initial value of guess were set to -1 instead of -999.
True
The event handler for a Button can be specified using a parameter to the Button constructor.
True
The initial balance of a BankAccount is $0 unless otherwise specified.
True
The math module contains a constant that represents the value pi to several digits.
True
The Greek mathematician Eratosthenes came up with the idea of using a sieve algorithm to find prime numbers.
true
The open function can be used to open an input file or create an output file.
true
The stop value passed as an argument to the range function is NOT included in the range produced.
true
The valid indexes of a tuple run from 0 to one less than the length of the tuple.
true
The values stored in a list can be changed.
true
Using a while loop to check each input value for correctness is a form of input validation.
true
Variables declared inside a function cannot be accessed from outside that function.
true
You can use the is operator to check if a variable contains a certain type of data.
true
What value will the variable stuff hold after the following code is executed? state = 'Mississippi' stuff = {ch.lower() for ch in state if ch != 'i'}
{'m', 's', 'p'}
abs(num)
function call
Equal contributions of the three components in an RGB color results in various shades of what?
gray
Computing the wrong answer is an example of what kind of error?
logic error
What output is produced by the following code? print('oak', 'elm', 'pine', end='!', sep='#')
oak#elm#pine!
Select each of the following expressions that evaluate to True. Assume that the following code is executed first: title = "Harry Potter"
"Alabama" < "Virginia", "word" in "The last word", "Dog" == "Dog", "Cat" <= "Cat"
Which of the following hex strings represents the color white?
'#FFFFFF'
If the variable str refers to the string 'ABC123XYZ', what does the expression str[3:7] produce?
'123X'
If a variable called business refers to the string 'Time Warner', what is the result of the expression business[6]?
'a'
If the variable machine refers to the string 'computer', what does the expression machine[0:len(machine):2] produce?
'cmue'
If a variable called word refers to the string 'committee', what is the result of the expression word.strip('m')?
'committee'
Which value of num will cause the print statement in the following code to be executed? if num < 15: if num + 7 >= 20: print('There you go!')
13
If a variable called pioneer refers to the string 'Grace Murray Hopper', what is the result of the expression len(pioneer)?
19
Which of the following is NOT a valid Python identifier?
1stPlace
What are the top four cards in the deck right after a DeckOfCards object is created?
2 of Clubs, 3 of Clubs, 4 of Clubs, 5 of Clubs
What value is printed by the following code? my_list = [53, 17, 39, 22, 81, 69] print(my_list[-3])
22
What value is printed by the following code? my_list = [53, 17, 39, 22, 81, 69] print(my_list[3])
22
What value is stored in num after the following code is executed? list = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10] num = 0 for val in list: if val != 6: num = num + val
24
Given the following line of code, what is the value of the expression nums.index(20)? nums = [30, 80, 40, 80, 20, 20, 70, 30, 80]
4
How many comparisons are necessary to find the value 86 in the following list using a binary search? 13 25 28 30 39 43 44 58 66 70 78 81 86 88 95
4
Which range is produced by the function call range(4, 10)?
4 5 6 7 8 9
What is the value of num after the following code is executed? num = 10 num *= 2 val = num + 3 num = num + val
43
If the current value of the variable count is 2, what value will be stored in count after the following line of code is executed? count += count * 3
8
Pseudocode
A language that is independent of any particular programming language.
What does the Hello World Translator program use to look up the language used given a phrase?
A list comprehension
list
A list of values.
bool
A true or false value.
int
A whole number.
Check Button
A widget that allows the user to turn an option on or off
List box
A widget that displays a list of selectable elements
Option menu
A widget that displays a pop-up list of selectable options
Label
A widget that displays text, an image, or both
Progress bar
A widget that displays the status of long-running operations
Radio button
A widget that, when used in a group, provide a set of mutually-exclusive options
The print function does which of the following?
Accepts arguments, Writes output to the console.
tuple
An immutable list of values.
dict
An unordered collection of key/value pairs
set
An unordered collection of unique values.
How many times does the loop body below execute? command = '' words = [] while command != 'quit': command = input('Enter a word: ') words.append(command) print(words)
At least once
Why is the input data for the standard_deviation program stored in a list?
Because the data needs to be processed more than once
Which of the following is an appropriate analogy?
Class: concept of a dog, Object: my dog fido
A Canvas text string cannot contain a newline (\n) character.
False
A Python function must have at least one parameter.
False
A Python program must be enclosed in curly braces { } to be executed.
False
A Python program must compiled into an executable form before it can be run.
False
A comprehension always produces a list.
False
A dictionary is bidirectional — values can be used to look up keys and vice versa.
False
A dictionary key must be a character string.
False
A for loop can be used to traverse a dictionary's keys, but not its values.
False
A linear search examines every element in the list.
False
A nested loop is required to draw a squared-corner spiral.
False
A polyline is a closed shape.
False
A turtle draws a filled circle using the fill_circle command.
False
All Python data types are immutable.
False
An assignment statement affects a program's flow of control.
False
An if statement cannot have both an elif and an else clause.
False
An if statement is used to process the user's thoughts on the meaning of life.
False
By default, rectangles and ovals drawn on a Canvas are filled with black.
False
Constants automatically convert between units of measure.
False
Each check button in a Python program must have its own event handler function.
False
Every if statement must be followed by either an else or an elif.
False
Functions of the math module do not have to be imported.
False
If A is false, then the B operand in the expression A or B is not evaluated.
False
If a variable called user_id refers to the string 'AEinstein12', what is the result of the expression user_id.isalpha()?
False
If an attempt is made to deal a card from an empty DeckOfCards, an error is generated.
False
If both operands to the remainder operator (%) are positive, a divisor of n will produce a result in the range 1 to n.
False
If left unspecified, the font applied to text displayed on a Canvas is 12-point Lucinda Grande.
False
In Python, the assignment statement is also an expression.
False
In dynamically typed languages, variables are declared to store a specific type of data.
False
In the High-Low program, the number of times the while loop will be executed can be calculated before the loop begins.
False
In the honeycomb program, the draw_hexagon function is called seven times.
False
In the random turtle walk program, the loop control variable is used to determine whether the turtle turns right or left.
False
In the starbursts program, the number of starbursts drawn is determined randomly.
False
Only one radio button displayed in a window can be selected at any time.
False
Python 3 is backwards compatible to Python 2.
False
Python constants cannot be created for floating-point values.
False
Python is dynamically typed, meaning each variable can only store one type of value.
False
Python represents a color using the CMYK color model.
False
Python variables that represent integers are NOT object reference variables.
False
Running a program that contains errors will cause the Thonny development environment to terminate.
False
Selecting a check button will automatically unselect any other check buttons in its group.
False
Text color is determined by the font applied when calling the create_text method.
False
The Card class represents a complete Python program.
False
The Die class is part of the Python Standard Library.
False
The Hello World Translator program will produce an error if the language requested is not in the dictionary.
False
The Olympic rings program uses a loop to draw the five rings.
False
The Pillow package is part of the Python Standard Library.
False
The Python programming language was so named after a snake was discovered in the creator's office.
False
The __str__ method of the BankAccount class calls the print function to produce the output.
False
The __str__ method of the Card class prints a text representation of the card.
False
The arithmetic operators have a lower precedence than the relational operators.
False
The assignment operator has higher precedence than the arithmetic operators.
False
The body of a for loop will contain one statement for each element of the iteration list.
False
The choice function in the random module lets you choose multiple elements from a list.
False
The data science process is linear.
False
The effect of the setheading depends on the current heading of the turtle.
False
The event handler function for a Button must be called handleButton.
False
The expression x ^ y raises the value x to the power y.
False
The from clause of an import statement lets you define an alias for a module or function.
False
The initial position of a turtle is in the upper left corner of the Turtle Graphics window.
False
The leftmost end point of a line segment must be specified as the start point of the line.
False
The less than operator (<) should not be used to compare floating point values.
False
The loop in the star program controls how long each line in the star is.
False
The maximum number of sides on a Die object is 20
False
The not operator requires two operands.
False
The optional argument called mask is used to specify a character that will be displayed in a Text widget instead of the actual characters.
False
The size of a Text widget is specified using a string that indicates the width and height in pixels.
False
The start value passed as an argument to the range function cannot be negative.
False
The statement count = count + 1 will cause an error because no number can be greater than itself.
False
The step value passed as an argument to the range function cannot be negative.
False
The value assigned to a variable must be numeric.
False
The values of an object's instance data represent the object's identity.
False
The values passed to the create_polygon method represent the lengths of the edges of the polygon.
False
The webcolors module is part of the Python Standard Library.
False
The withdraw method of the BankAccount class ensures that the amount withdrawn is less than the balance.
False
To change the algorithm for finding a minimum value into one that finds a maximum value, the range used in the for loop would change.
False
Using components from the Python Standard Library is a rare occurrence.
False
When a color chooser is first displayed, the initial color selected is black.
False
When printed, a set containing strings will list the elements in alphabetical order.
False
When using relational operators to compare character strings, 'ZEBRA' comes before 'ALLIGATOR'.
False
You must use a print statement to display the result of an expression in the Python shell.
False
while loops are more commonly used in Python than for loops because they are safer.
False
What is the output of the following statement? print('He said \\Expelliarmus\\');
He said \Expelliarmus\
Thonny is best described as which of the following?
Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
What age would the user have to enter in order to see the part of the conversation regarding the likelihood of rain?
It doesn't matter
What output does the following code produce? print('Total: ' + 100 + 20)
No output. Would produce an error
What is lexicographic ordering?
Ordering characters based on a character set
Python embodies elements of which programming paradigm?
Procedural programming, Object-orientated programming, Functional programming (all of the above)
Which of the following is not a primary contributor to data science?
Procurement
What is text that requests user input called?
Prompt
Which of the following is not a good description of the goal of data science?
Protect data against invalid access
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Provides "point and click" interaction with a program
The input function does which of the following? Check all that apply
Retrieves input from the user. Writes a prompt to the console. Returns a string.
If a variable called greeting refers to the string 'hello', what does the expression greeting.upper() accomplish?
Returns a new string containing the characters "HELLO"
Attempting to divide by 0 is an example of which type of error?
Runtime error
Tcl/Tk
Scripting language that supports GUI development
List of most famous sorting algorithms
Selection sort Insertion sort Bubble sort Quick sort Merge sort Heap sort
output
The data produced by an algorithm.
What does the term case sensitive mean?
The difference between uppercase and lowercase matters.
If stuff is a list of integers (with at least one element), what value is in the variable x after the code executes? x = stuff[0] for y in stuff: if x < y: x = y
The largest number in the list.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the return statement?
The last statement in a function must be a return statement
Granularity
The level at which an instruction is expressed.
In the flower design program, which diamond is drawn first?
The one that pints southeast
What is a program's flow of control?
The order in which the statements are executed
Sorting
The process of putting a list of elements in a particular order
What is the syntax of a language?
The rules that determine how words and symbols can be combined
Which of the following statements is true?
The statement in the body of an 'if; must be indented
What is the result of the following Turtle Graphics command? turtle.left(40)
The turtle turns to the left 40 degrees.
What does the following statement print? print('Invalid' if count <= 0 else count)
The value of count or 'Invalid' if count is negative
If the value of weight is 7, what does the following statement print? print('The weight is ' + ('even' if weight % 2 == 0 else 'odd'))
The weight is odd
Which of the following are true statements about triple-quoted strings (such as '''sample''')? Check all that apply.
They can span multiple lines. They are commonly used for docstring comments.
3 The pen color and size determines the color and width of the lines drawn.
True
A Button can display text and an image at the same time.
True
A character string can be used as the condition of an if statement.
True
A check button does not have to have an event handler.
True
A color chooser is a specialized dialog box that lets the user select a color.
True
A cooperating group of radio buttons is determined by the variable each button updates.
True
A dash pattern of (8, 3) specifies a series of 8-pixel line segments separated by a 3-pixel gap.
True
A dictionary is designed for efficient value retrieval.
True
A file chooser is a specialized dialog box for selecting files in a directory structure.
True
A for loop can be used to compute the sum of all values in a list.
True
A generator expression has the same basic syntax as a list comprehension.
True
A subclass is a more specific version of its superclass.
True
After a function finishes executing, control returns to the place the function was called.
True
An entire module can be imported using one import statement.
True
An import statement finds a module and binds it to a name you can use in a program.
True
An iterative solution to a problem is one that uses loops instead of recursion. The decision to use iteration or recursion for a given problem is one that a programmer should consider carefully. Computing a factorial, for instance, has a pretty straightforward iterative solution:
True
Built-in functions of the Python Standard Library can be used without being imported.
True
Checking to see if an element is in a set is an efficient operation in Python.
True
Cropping an Image object does not change the original image file.
True
Dealing a card removes the Card object from the DeckOfCards object.
True
Defining a class is an alternative to using a dictionary as a record.
True
Each Person object has its own last name.
True
Each object has its own instance data.
True
Full documentation about the Python Standard Library can be found online.
True
If A and B are both false, then the expression A and B is false.
True
If A is false, then the B operand in the expression A and B is not evaluated.
True
If A is true and B is false, then the expression A or B is true.
True
If a filled shape drawn by a turtle is not fully enclosed, Python fills the shape as if the starting point is connected to the end point.
True
If an invalid number of sides is provided when a Die object is created, a die with 6 sides is created.
True
If either or both operands to the division operator (//) are floating-point values, then the result will be a floating-point value.
True
If the user input indicates that the likelihood of rain is 'certain', it will be treated as a negative response.
True
If you use a from clause on an import statement, you don't have to use the module name to refer to a function from that module.
True
In Python, the relational operators can be used to put character strings in alphabetical order.
True
In a programming language, a syntactically valid statement has only one meaning.
True
In programming, recursion is a technique in which a function calls itself in order to solve a problem
True
In the Counting Letters examples, only letters found in the analyzed text have entries in the dictionary.
True
In the palindromes program, the inner loop evaluates one string to see if it is a palindrome.
True
Lists can have lists as elements.
True
Multi-line comments in Python are actually just triple-quoted strings.
True
Python is a general-purpose programming language, appropriate for solving problems in many areas of computing.
True
Python variables are created using an assignment statement
True
Quadratic sorts slower than log sorts
True
Radio buttons work in a group to provide a set of mutually-exclusive options.
True
The Internet of Things is made up of a growing number of devices that collect and transfer data over the Internet without human involvement.
True
The Pillow package can be used to perform more sophisticated image manipulation than the Tkinter package.
True
The Python shell is great for exploring Python language features.
True
The Python turtle graphics module is based on the programming language Logo developed in the 1960s.
True
The analysis of the complete I Have a Dream speech shows that four of the top five frequently used letters are vowels.
True
The askcolor method returns a tuple that specifies the color in two ways.
True
The codes used in Morse Code are influenced by the frequency of letter use in English communication.
True
The content of the dictionary used in the Hello World Translator program is read from an input file.
True
The dictionary used in the Hello World Translator program uses the language name as the key.
True
The differences in case are ignored when processing the user's favorite band.
True
The file chooser functions accept optional parameters that let you specify, for instance, the initial directory or file selected.
True
The function askopenfiles returns a list of file objects.
True
The greatest common divisor (GCD) of two positive integers is the largest integer that divides both numbers evenly (without producing a remainder)
True
The human eye has three types of color receptors that correspond to wavelengths of red, green, and blue.
True
The initializer method of the Person class is called __init__.
True
The input function always returns the read data as a character string.
True
The input, int, and float functions are all built-in functions.
True
The items method returns a list of key/value tuples for all entries in a dictionary.
True
The loop in the curved spiral program controls both how many lines are drawn and how long each one is.
True
The output of a Python program run in Thonny appears in the shell window.
True
The parameters to the create_rectangle method represent the upper left corner and lower right corner of the rectangle.
True
The position of a circle depends on the current heading of the turtle.
True
The position of text on a Canvas is specified by the first two arguments to the create_text method.
True
The relational operators all return boolean results.
True
The result of a comprehension could always be created using more verbose code.
True
The subsample method is used to scale an image smaller, but not larger.
True
The text of a Button can be displayed in various fonts.
True
The turtle circle command can be used to draw a regular polygon.
True
The value assigned to a variable could be a floating point number.
True
When drawing a polygon, the order in which the vertices are listed may matter.
True
Whether text is displayed in bold or italic type is specified in the font descriptor.
True
You can store a value in a variable in the Python shell.
True
Which of the following is NOT a good reason to use a tuple rather than a list?
Tuples can hold more elements than lists
Which of the following is a good rule of thumb regarding break and continue statements?
Use them sparingly and only if they make the logic more readable
Overriding occurs in which of the following situations?
When a subclass redefines a method it inherits from a superclass
What does the list states contain after the following code is executed? states = ['NJ', 'TN', 'WI', 'UT'] states.extend(['PA', 'KY', 'NY']) states.remove('UT') states.sort(reverse=True)
['WI', 'TN', 'PA', 'NY', 'NJ', 'KY']
How do you read an integer from a text file?
by reading it as a string and converting it to an integer
Which of the following ovals is also a circle?
canvas.create_oval(100, 200, 155, 255)
Which of the following ovals is thinner than it is tall?
canvas.create_oval(140, 100, 160, 150)
Which of the following creates the largest circle?
canvas.create_oval(50, 50, 150, 150)
Which of the following rectangles extends furthest down?
canvas.create_rectangle(50, 85, 120, 160)
For Python, the term data type can be used interchangeably with what other term?
class
Which of the following is NOT a constant from the Python Standard Library?
conversions.KILOMETERS_PER_MILE
Which of the following is NOT a way to make a separate copy of a list called nums?
copy_nums = nums
recursive definition
defines something in terms of itself
Which line of code is equivalent to the following? depth += 50 * offset
depth = depth + (50*offset)
Which of the following would cause a runtime error?
divide by 0
Which direction would the following arc "point"? That is, where is the center point of the oval relative to the arc? canvas.create_arc(200, 200, 270, 230, start=45, extent=90)
down
Which way would the turtle be facing after executing the following code? turtle.setheading(270) turtle.right(20) turtle.left(65)
down and right (southeast)
Which of the following operations cannot be performed on tuples?
element removal
Big O notation
eliminates the irrelevant details of a particular algorithm and focuses on how fast it solves the problem in terms of n
A Python block comment begins with a double slash (//).
false
A Python comment cannot appear on a line that contains an executable statement.
false
A Python list cannot contain a list as an element.
false
A binary search only works if the number of elements to search is odd.
false
A binary search works best on an unsorted list of values.
false
All elements in a Python list must have the same data type.
false
Functions of the math module are used to compute the mean of the data values in the standard_deviation program.
false
If a == b is true, then a is b will also be true.
false
The break statement is essentially the same as a GOTO statement in older programming languages.
false
The continue statement must be executed after a break statement is executed.
false
The maximum number of dimensions a Python list can have is 3.
false
The primary difference between lists and tuples is that lists are immutable and tuples are not.
false
The prime_sieve program uses a list of integers and sets the value to 0 when a number is determined not to be prime.
false
The read method of a file object reads the contents of a file one line at a time.
false
The results computed by the standard_deviation program are written out to text data file.
false
The smallest index of any dimension of a two-dimensional list is 1.
false
The standard_deviation program would not work if there were twice as many values in the data file.
false
The string 'i prefer pi' would be considered a palindrome by the original version of the palindromes program.
false
The write method automatically adds line numbers to the output.
false
There is no way to stop an infinite loop.
false
To be sure it has found all possible prime numbers up to a certain number N, the prime_sieve program repeats the sieve algorithm for all values up to N.
false
Which of the following is the best way to print each element of a list?
for element in a_list: print(element)
Of the options given, what values of the variables height, size, and width would cause the following code to set the variable weight to 100? if height < size: weight = 50 if width < 20: print('short') else: if width > 100: weight = 100 println('tall')
height = 15, size = 10, width = 110
Which of the following methods can be called on a tuple?
index
Which of the following is NOT something that strings and lists have in common?
insert method
Deriving one class from another establishes what kind of relationship between the two classes?
is-a
Which direction would the following arc "point"? That is, where is the center point of the oval relative to the arc? canvas.create_arc(170, 100, 220, 160, start=-20, extent=40)
left
Which of the following represents the highest valid index of a list named my_list?
len(my_list) - 1
What technique is used to put Unicode characters and strings in order?
lexicographic ordering
What is the default flow of control through a function?
linear
What type of object is used to store the cards in the DeckOfCards class?
list
When performing a binary search, how many comparisons are required to find a value in a list of N values, in the worst case?
log2N + 1
Which of the following would cause a syntax error?
misspelling a keyword
What output is printed by the following code if it is executed when appetizer is 3 and entree is 12? if appetizer > 1: if entree < 7: print('ketchup') else: print('mustard') else: if appetizer < 0: print('mayonnaise') else: print('relish')
mustard
When the following code is executed, what value will be stored in the variable named greeting? def make_greeting(name): print("Hello", name) greeting = make_greeting("Mr. Anderson")
none
Which assignment statement is functionally equivalent to the following if statement? if num1 > total: num1 = total else num1 = 0
num1 = total if num1 > total else 0
The Python type conversion functions are actually what kind of functions?
object constructors
Which statement would produce the following output? Eeny Meeny Miny Moe
print('Eeny\n\tMeeny\nMiny\n\tMoe')
Which of the statements below will produce the following output? Check all that apply. What do you mean by "pretty" handsome?
print('What do you mean by "pretty" handsome?') print("What do you mean by \"pretty\" handsome?")
Which of the following statements is true?
the break statement terminates the loop completely
A example of a ragged list is a two-dimensional list where each row has a different number of columns.
true
A for loop is a good way to access each character in a string.
true
A function parameter ceases to exist when the function returns to the caller.
true
A two-dimensional list is really a one-dimensional list of one-dimensional lists.
true
A two-dimensional list is suitable for storing tabular data.
true
A with statement will automatically close an open file when processing is complete.
true
An if statement affects a program's flow of control.
true
Finding a minimum value requires that every element in the list be examined.
true
If a is b is true, then a == b will also be true.
true
In some cases, a sentinel value can be used to signal the end of input.
true
In the honeycomb program, the draw_honeycomb function calls the draw_hexagon function.
true
In the palindromes program, a potential palindrome is evaluated by comparing characters at both ends and working inwards.
true
In the palindromes program, the inner loop will not continue comparing characters once the it's determined that the string is not a palindrome.
true
Python comments begin with a hash mark (#) and extend to the end of the line.
true
Python uses the Unicode character set to represent characters.
true
Swapping two elements in a list requires three assignment statements.
true
The Python for loop is what other languages refer to as a for-each loop.
true
The Unicode character set currently represents over 100,000 characters.
true
The best way to read a file line by line is to use a for loop to iterate over the file object itself.
true
The body of a while loop may never execute.
true
The break and continue statements both alter the flow of control in a loop.
true
The in and is operators both produce boolean results.
true
The in operator can be used to check the contents of a character string or a list.
true
The maximum indexes of a two-dimensional list with 6 rows and 10 columns are 5 and 9, respectively.
true
Given this assignment: word = 'circumlocution' What are the results of the following expressions? Include quote marks in your answers.
word[ 3 ] = 'c' word[ 1:8 ] = 'ircumlo' word[ :3 ] = 'cir' word[ 5: ] = 'mlocution' word[ -4 ] = 't' word[ -4: ] = tion'
Given the following line of code, which expression would produce the substring 'ledge'? words = 'Knowledge is power.'
words[4:9]
Insertion sort
works by repeatedly inserting a new value into a portion of the overall list that is already sorted. One element at a time, the sorted sublist grows until the entire list is sorted.
Selection sort
works by repeatedly selecting an element from the unsorted list and putting it into its final, sorted position. The element selected is typically the smallest (least) element.
What operator is used to perform string concatenation in Python?
+
If a variable called address refers to the string '123 Main Street', what is the result of the expression address.find('3')?
2
Which of the following conclusions is NOT true when using relational operators to compare character strings?
'fantastic' comes before '
If the variable noise refers to the string 'hullaballoo', what does the expression noise[:8] produce?
'hullabal'
If the variable word refers to the string 'programming', what does the expression word[2:] produce?
'ogramming'
Which of the following conclusions is NOT true when using relational operators to compare character strings?
'reset' comes before 'reserve'
If a variable called son refers to the string 'Justin', what is the result of the expression son[-3]?
't'
If the variable blah_blah refers to the string 'gobbledygook', what does the expression blah_blah[-5:] produce?
'ygook'
If the variable num contains a positive integer, what are the only two possible results of the expression num % 2?
0 and 1
The expression random.randrange(30) will produce a value in what range?
0 to 29
If the current value of the variable num1 is 2 and the current value of the variable num2 is 3, what value will be stored in num2 after the following line of code is executed? num2 /= num1 * num2
0.5
After the third iteration of the loop, what value is stored in num? num = 0 values = [2, 4, 6, 8] for value in values: num = num + value
12
Assume the function double returns its argument multiplied by 2. What value will the variable x hold after the following line is executed? x = double(4) + double(2)
12
Which range is produced by the function call range(12, 5, -2)?
12 10 8 6
What is the output of the following code? account = BankAccount(1234) account.withdraw(1.0) print(account)
1234: $-1.00
What is the output of the following code? account1 = BankAccount(1234, 100.0) account2 = BankAccount(5678, 50.0) transfer = 25.00 account1.withdraw(transfer) account2.deposit(transfer) print(account1) print(account2)
1234: $75.00 5678: $75.00
What is the result of the expression max(6, 17)?
17
What is the result of the expression math.pow(3, 3)?
27
Given the following line of code, what is the value of the expression nums.count(80)? nums = [30, 80, 40, 80, 20, 20, 70, 30, 80]
3
Given the following line of code, what is the value of the expression nums.index(80, 2)? nums = [30, 80, 40, 80, 20, 20, 70, 30, 80]
3
How many comparisons are necessary to find the value 43 in the following list using a binary search? 13 25 28 30 39 43 44 58 66 70 78 81 86 88 95
3
If the value of num is 7 and the value of max is 10, what is the value of num after the following statement is executed? num = max if max < num else max - num
3
What is the result of the expression 7 // 2?
3
The expression random.randrange(5, 10) will produce a value in what range?
5 to 9
A binary search eliminates approximately ___________% of the viable candidates with each value examined.
50
How many elements can be stored in a two-dimensional list with 5 rows and 10 columns?
50
If the current value of the variable num is 4, what value will be stored in num after the following line of code is executed? num += 2
6
If the current value of the variable size is 2, what value will be stored in size after the following line of code is executed? size *= 3
6
The expression random.randint(6, 12) will produce a value in what range?
6 to 12
What is a docstring?
A character string used as a comment in a program
What is the Python Standard Library?
A collection of programing components that can be used in any python program
Entry
A field in which the user can type text input
Event Handler
A function that performs an action when the user interacts with a widget
What is a predicate function?
A function that returns a boolean result.
Flowchart
A graphical representation of the logic of an algorithm.
Natural Language
A language that humans use to communicate, such as French or English.
What causes an infinite loop?
A loop condition that is never false
What is the output of the following code? die = Die(20) die.roll() die.roll() print(die.value)
A random number btw 1 and 20
What issue must be addressed when printing a long character string?
A regular string literal cannot span across multiple lines
Notebook
A set of tabbed frames with one visible at a time
Scale
A slider used to select a numeric value within a range
Canvas
An area in which graphics are drawn
Which of the following is NOT a reason to use a constant?
Constants minimize the need for input validation
widgets
Controls that let the user interact with a program in various ways
Which of the following does the input function NOT do when it is called?
Convert the user input into the integer
What is the output of the following code? die = Die(6) print('Die value:', die)
Die Value: 1
The origin point (0, 0) of the turtle coordinate system is in the upper left corner of the graphic screen.
False
The random values used in the starbursts program were all determined by calls to the randint function from the Python Standard Library.
False
The sample function in the random module takes a sample with replacement.
False
The variable a radio button updates determines its visual layout.
False
Debugging is the process of:
Finding the root cause of an error and fixing it
Who developed the Python programming language?
Guido Van Rossum 1989
Assume the function sayHi returns the string 'Hi'. What value will the variable x hold after the following line is executed? x = sayHi() + sayHi() + sayHi()
HiHiHi
What is the role of the seed value of a random number generator?
It's a number that is the basis of the calculated pseudorandom numbers
What output is produced by the following code? print('Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', sep='-')
Jan-Feb-Mar
What is the type of the result of the following expression? "1,2,3,4".split(",")
List
What is the range of the valid indexes for a list that holds 50 values?
Lowest index: 0 Highest index: 49
Which of the following identifiers follows the naming convention for a Python constant?
MAX_PENALITIES
What output would be produced when the following code is executed? state = 'Mississippi' print(state.replace('is', 'was'))
Mwasswassippi
Why don't we use natural languages (like English) to program a computer?
Natural languages are semantically ambiguous
Tkinter
Package that supports GUI development in Python
To display an image on a Canvas, it must be represented using which kind of object?
PhotoImage
What does "cleaning" data mean?
Preparing data for analysis by improving its structure and organization
What output does the following code produce? print('Ready', end=' ') print('Set', end='') print('Go')
Ready SetGo
What is syntax coloring?
Showing certain elements of program code in different colors
What is the type of the variable grocery in this code? groceries = ["Apples", "Cookies", "Steaks"] for grocery in groceries: print(grocery)
String
What are the names of the two text field widgets in Tkinter?
Text and Entry
Which of the following contribute to the state of a Car object?
The car's color
Input
The data needed by an algorithm to accomplish its task.
Which of the following statements is true when using a dictionary for counting?
The key is the item counted, the value is the count
Which of the following would be most appropriate to choose with a set of check buttons?
The languages a person speaks
Which of the following statements is true?
The print statement is a call to function
What will happen if the variable total has the value 5 when the following code is executed? if total > 8: print('collywobbles')
The word "collywobbles" is not printed and processing continues
An object created from a class is called an instance of that class.
True
An object's __str__ method is called automatically when an object is printed.
True
Which of the following is NOT a principle embraced by the Python programming language?
Verbose is better than succinct
Which of the following is NOT an arc type for a Tkinter Canvas?
WEDGE
If a variable called jedi refers to the string 'Yoda', what is the result of the expression jedi * 3?
YodaYodaYoda
What does list contain after the following code is executed? list = [77, 41, 92, 30, 38, 12, 63] list.sort() list.insert(2, 88) list.pop(5)
[12,30,88,41,77,92]
What value will the variable my_list hold after the following line of code is executed? my_list = [num for num in range(1, 20) if num % 3 == 0]
[3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18]
Given the following line of code, which list is produced by the expression values[3:8]? values = [79, 40, 18, 32, 95, 66, 58, 81, 20, 62]
[32,95,66,58,81]
Given the following line of code, which list is produced by the expression values[:8]? values = [79, 40, 18, 32, 95, 66, 58, 81, 20, 62]
[79,40,18,32,95,66,58,81}
What does list contain after the following code is executed? list = [82, 27, 66, 18, 40, 93, 85, 29] list.append(50) list.insert(3, 99) list.pop()
[82,27,66,99,18,40,93,85,29]
Given the following line of code, which list is produced by the expression values[4:]? values = [79, 40, 18, 32, 95, 66, 58, 81, 20, 62]
[95,66,58,81,20,62]
Which of the following expressions could be used to determine if a is not less than b?
a >= b
Which of the following creates a horizontal line?
canvas.create_line(25, 70, 125, 70)
Suppose the integer variable hours contains a value that represents a number of hours. Which of the following expressions will compute how many 24-hour periods are represented by that value, without worrying about any leftover hours.
hours//24 (Integer division throws the amount leftover away)
Which of the following is NOT a repetition statement in Python?
if statement
"python".strip()
method call
my_list.append()
method call
name.lower()
method call
Which expression can be used to determine if num holds an odd number?
num % 2 == 1
Which statement would produce the following output? XYZ205
print('XYZ' + str(20) + str(5))
Which direction would the following arc "point"? That is, where is the center point of the oval relative to the arc? canvas.create_arc(150, 250, 250, 400, start=160, extent=40)
right
Given the following line of code, which expression would produce the list ['DE', 'MD', 'VA']? states = ['CA', 'WY', 'DE', 'MD', 'VA', 'FL', 'TX']
states[2:5]
Which Python function can be used to call a method of a superclass?
super
Which two terms mean the same thing?
superclass and parent class
Which of the following identifiers follows the convention for naming Python variables?
total_value
A comment in a Python program is ignored by the interpreter.
true
A while loop affects a program's flow of control.
true
What set is stored in set3 by the following code? set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} set3 = set1 | set2
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
What set is stored in set3 by the following code? set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} set3 = set1 - set2
{1, 2}
What set is stored in set3 by the following code? set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} set3 = set1 & set2
{3, 4, 5,}