VTNE PREP EXAM 3

Using the triadan system the proper way to describe a dog's first maxillary left permanent premolar is a. 205 b. 105 c. 306 d. 502

a. 205

which of the following radiographic terms describes the view when the primary x-ray beam enters the dorsal surface and exits the ventral surface of the patient a. DV b. VD c. CrCd d.CdCr

a. DV

Prognathism is a normal condition in brachycephalic breeds but is considered a genetic defect in other breeds. it is best characterized as a. a mandibule that is longer that the maxilla b. a maxilla that is longer that the mandible c. one side of the head being longer than the other d. an overly long soft palate

a. a mandibule that is longer that the maxilla

Which if the following statements about canine toy breeds is true? a. chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomylitits b. malocclusions are rare in toy breeds in comparison with giant breeds c. enamel hypoplasia is a common finding in toy breeds d. prognathism is considered a genetic defect in brachycehohalic breeds

a. chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomylitits

which of the following are ways to determine if the animal is properly positioned in the lateral view a. coxofemoral joints are superimposed b. intervertebral foramina are different sizes c. rib heads are prependicular d. transvers processes are perpendicular at the orgin form the vertebral bodies

a. coxofemoral joints are superimposed

Meters to measure the rate of exposure is also known as a. dosimeter b. fluoroscopy c. collimation d. shielding

a. dosimeter

For proper radiographic exposure, a radiograph should be taken during maximum a. expiration for the abdomen and inspiration for the thorax b. respiration for the thorax and inspirations for the abdomen c. expiration for the thorax and abdomen d. inspiration for the thorax and abdomen

a. expiration for the abdomen and inspiration for the thorax

What does the TGC or time again compensation allow on the ultrasound machine a. is allows the amount of time it takes sound to travel through a medium to be changed b. it provides a fester time frame for clearer images with motion c. it allows adjustment of the gain at various depths d. none of the above

a. is allows the amount of time it takes sound to travel through a medium to be changed

A biopsy report confirms that an oral mass is an acanthomatous ameloblastoma or an acanthomatous epulis. which of the following statements is true regarding this growth? a. it is a nonmalignant tumor b. it is a malignant tumor c. it is very likely to metastasize d. it is related to the presence of a malocclusion

a. it is a nonmalignant tumor

The median plane divides the body into which of the following a. left/right portions b. anterior/posterior portions c. cranial/caudal portions d. none of the above

a. left/right portions

the thin film covering a tooth that is composed of bacteria, saliva, and food particle is a. plaque b. attrition c. calculus d. abrasions

a. plaque

a malocclusion where in which the upper fourth premolar lies palatal to the first molars is known as: a. posterior crossbite b. base-narrow bite c. wry mouth d. rostral crossbite

a. posterior crossbite

An older dog with dental dz is presented to the clinic with a draining tract below his right eye. what is the most likely cause? a. right sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abcess b. left sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abcess c. right sided mandibular carnassial tooth root abcess d. left sided mandibular carnassial tooth root abcess

a. right sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abcess

apical means towards the ________ a. root tip b. crown c. cheeks d. toungue

a. root tip

To obtain a CRCD view of the tibia of a small animal that patient should be which of the following potions a. sternal recumbency b. dorsal recumbency c. right lateral recumbency d. left lateral recumbency

a. sternal recumbency

the crown of a tooth is defines as a. the portion above the gum line and covered by enamel b. the most terminal portion of the root c. that portion below the gum line d. the layer of bony tissue that attaches to the alveolar bone

a. the portion above the gum line and covered by enamel

When the pulp cavity of a tooth is exposed what is(are) the appropriate procedure(s) that should be performed? a. tooth extraction or root canal therapy b. no procedure is required c. crown amputation with intentional root retention d. prophylactic dentistry to reduce tartar and plaque buildup on the tooth

a. tooth extraction or root canal therapy

The Triadian system is a a. tooth id system designed to aid in dental charting b. complete system that includes an ultrasonic scaler and polisher c. method for performing radiographs of molars d. complete home care dental system for use by clinets

a. tooth id system designed to aid in dental charting

To protect the pulp tissue of teeth from thermal damage during ultrasonic scaling, one should: a. use constant irrigation b. change tips frequently c. use slow rational speed d. use appropriate amounts of paste

a. use constant irrigation

at what age do the permanent k-9 and premolar teeth in dogs generally erupt a. 3-5 months b. 4-6 months c. 5-7 months d. 6-8 months

b. 4-6 months

Using the triadan system the proper way to describe a cat's first mandibular right molar is a. 407 b. 409 c. 109 d. 909

b. 409

Which imagine modality is superior for demonstrating the brain and spinal cord? a. ultrasound b. MRI c. X-ray d. fluoroscopy

b. MRI

the following statments are all true except a. sulcus depth is measured using a probe b. a sulcus depth of less then or equal to 3 mm is normal in a cat c. a sulcus depth of greater than 3 indiacates peridontal dz d. the probe is inserted gently into the gingival sulcus parallel to the root of the tooth

b. a sulcus depth of less then or equal to 3 mm is normal in a cat

The term ventral recumbency refers to the patient lying on the____ a. back b. abdomen c. right side d. left side

b. abdomen

what term id the wearing away of enamel by tooth-against tooth contact during mastication a. plaque b. attrition c. calculus d. abrasions

b. attrition

A malocclusion in which the canines erupt in an overly upright position, or the mandible is narrowed, is known as: a. posterior crossbite b. base-narrow bite c. wry mouth d. rostral crossbite

b. base-narrow bite

The term that best describes a dog with an abnormally short mandible is: a. prognathism b. brachygnathism c. mesaticephalic d. dolicocephalic

b. brachygnathism

Which of the following ultrasound artifacts will likely be produced when the sound wave strikes a metal object or a pocket of air? a. edged shadowing b. comet tail c. mirror image d. acoustic enhancement

b. comet tail

Pocket depth is measured from the a. cementoenamel junction to the bottom of the pocket b. current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus c. cementoenamel junction to the current free gingival sulcus adding 1-2 mm d. cementoenamel junction to the apical esxtent of the defect

b. current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus

Which of the following is the correct definition for the ultrasound term hypoechoic a. bright gray b. dark grey c. white d. black

b. dark grey

Which of the following radiographic terms describes the radiographic views distal to the carpus obtained by passing the primary x-ray beam from the dorsal direction to the palmar surface of the forelimb? a. plantar b. dorsopalmar c. palmar d. caudocranial

b. dorsopalmar

in vet dentistry, chlorhexidine solutions are used because they: a. prevent cementoenamel b. have antibacterial properties c.. remove enamel stains and whiten teeth d. are used to treat gingival hyperplasia in brachycephalic breeds

b. have antibacterial properties

stomatitis is defined as a. bad breath that is evident when dental work must be completed b. inflammation of the mouth's soft tissue c. resorption of hard dental tissues by odontoclasts d. inflammation and infection of some or all of the tooth's supportive tissues

b. inflammation of the mouth's soft tissue

Which teeth on each side of the dog's mouth have 3 roots? a. maxillary: 3 and 4 premolars and 1 molar b. maxillary; fourth premolars and 1 and 2 molars c. mandibular 4 premolars and 1 and 2 molars d. mandibular and maxillary 4 premolar and 1 and 2 molars

b. maxillary; fourth premolars and 1 and 2 molars

the kVp setting on an x-ray machine controls the a. quanity of x-ray beams b. quality of x-ray beams c. focal spot size d. number of electrons emitted

b. quality of x-ray beams

The milliampere seconds (mAs) setting on an x-ray machince controls the a. quality of x-ray beams b. quantity of x-ray beams c. speen of electrons emitted d. wavelength of the beam

b. quantity of x-ray beams

What does the gain control knob adjust on the ultrasound knob adjust on the ultrasound machine? a. the power output b. the brightness of the image c. the PRF scale used in PW Doppler d. the depth of the image

b. the brightness of the image

What does it mean to collimate the x-ray beam a. to use the highest kV possible b. to limit the beam exposure just to the area of interest within the film c. to allow for full exposure of the entire film d. none of the above

b. to limit the beam exposure just to the area of interest within the film

which of the following imagining modalities produces images without the use of radiation a. x-ray b. ultrasound c. fluoroscopy d. CT

b. ultrasound

When using a dental x-ray unit, the end of the cone should be positioned at______inches from the patient's anatomy. a. 2 b.4 c.6 d.10

b.4

Which of the following correctly describes the adult feline dental formula? a. 2x(1 2/1: C 0/0: P 3/2: M3/3) b. 2x(1 3/3: C 1/1: P 4/4: M2/3) c. 2x(1 3/3: C 1/1: P 3/2: M1/1) d. 2x(1 1/1: C 1/1: P 3/3)

c. 2x(1 3/3: C 1/1: P 3/2: M1/1)

When taking radiographs of the K-9 tooth in a large breed dog, what size of dental film should be used to ensure that the whole tooth is included? a. 0 b. 2 c. 4 d 8" x 10" screen film

c. 4

if pneumonia is suspected in small animals which of the following radiographic views should be performed a. both lateral views b. DV c. both lateral and dv d. right lateral and dv

c. both lateral and dv

What mineralized tissue covers the root of the tooth a. calculus b. enamel c. cementum d. dentin

c. cementum

Dentin is covered by a. enamel and bone b. bone and pulp c. cementum and enamel d. pulp and cementum

c. cementum and enamel

The main purpose of the x-ray developer is to a. swell and soften emulsion b. reduce the unexposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver c. convert the espoused silver halide crystals into black metallic silver d. clear away the unexposed undeveloped silver halide crystals

c. convert the espoused silver halide crystals into black metallic silver

When obtaining a CrCd view of the humerus of a small animal in which potion should the patent be a. ventral recumbency b. left lateral recum. c. dorsal recum d. right lateral recum

c. dorsal recum

A dog exposed to distemper as a puppy may develop which of the following oral conditions a. adontia b. polydontia c enamel hypoplasia d. enamel staining

c. enamel hypoplasia

How often should x-ray equipment in a vets office be tested a. every 6 months b. every year c. every 2 years d. only once when the equipment is installed

c. every 2 years

Another term for neck lesions often seen on feline teeth is: a. peripheral odontogenic fibroma b. stomatitis c. feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions d. enamel fracture

c. feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions

The bisecting angle principle states that the plane of an x-ray beam should be 90 degrees to the: a. long axis of the tooth b. plane of the film c. imaginary line the bisects the angle formed the tooth's long axis and the film plane d. imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the animal's head and the film plane

c. imaginary line the bisects the angle formed the tooth's long axis and the film plane

when viewing a radiograph which organ lies in the cranial abdomen between the diaphragm and stomach in small animals a. adrenal glands b. pancreas c. liver d. spleen

c. liver

the upper fourth premolar communicates with what sinus a. mandubular b. occipital c. maxillary d. orbital

c. maxillary

a scaler is used to a. check the tooth's root surface for any irregularities b. measure the depth of gingival recession c. scale large amounts of calculus from the tooth surface d. scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the gingival sulcus

c. scale large amounts of calculus from the tooth surface

What is a major safety concern with MRI machines? a. the amount of radiation emitted b. the intensity of the magnet on the patient c. the potential projectile effect with metallic objects within the vicinity of the machine d. MRI machines are extremely safe and contain no safety concerns

c. the potential projectile effect with metallic objects within the vicinity of the machine

what happens to crystals within the ultrasound transducer when strong, short electrical pulses strike them a. they harden b. they melt c. they vibrate d. they break apart

c. they vibrate

which of the following is the proper way to disinfect an ultrasound probe a. autoclave b. gas sterilization c. wipe with a glutaraldedyde-based disinfectant d. immerse in an alcohol-based cleaner

c. wipe with a glutaraldedyde-based disinfectant

a malocclusion where one side of the mandible or maxilla is disproportionate to its other side is known as: a. posterior crossbite b. base-narrow bite c. wry mouth d. rostral crossbite

c. wry mouth

app. how many shades of gray are incorporated into the display of an image obtained through ultrasound a. 50 shades of gray b. 100 shade of gray c. 226 shades of gray d. 256 shades of gray

d. 256 shades of gray

Which of the following can occur if DNA is affected by radiation? a. cell death b. cell damage may be obvious, with portions of the DNA compromised c. cell may display no immediate effects but damage may have occurred internally that will affect the individual later, when mitosis occurs d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which of the following is considered to be a cardinal rule for radiation protection? a. distance b. time c. shielding d. all of the above

d. all of the above

all of the following people are allowed to view individual dosimetry reports except a. OSHA inspector b. owner of the practice c. only the employee exposed d. all team members

d. all team members

The pulp canal of a tooth contains a. nerves b. blood vessels c. connective tissue and blood vessels d. blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue

d. blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue

Which of the following image receptors is used in dental imaging? a. film b. phosphor plates c. neither d. both

d. both

the main purpose of the x-ray fixer is to a. swell and soften emulsion b. reduce the unexposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver c. convert the espoused silver halide crystals into black metallic silver d. clear away the unexposed undeveloped silver halide crystals

d. clear away the unexposed undeveloped silver halide crystals

The periodontium includes the periodontal ligament and all of the following except: a. gingiva b. cementum c. alveolar bone d. enamel

d. enamel

The most common dental procedure performed on a horse is: a. quidding b. curettage c. scaling d. floating

d. floating

Which of the following statements regarding enamel is true a. contains living tissue b. covers the tooth crown and root c. continues production by the ameloblast after eruption d. is relatively nonporous and impervious

d. is relatively nonporous and impervious

Which of the following ppe must the handler wear if the patient is considered radioactive a. lab coat b. lab coat and gloves c. lab coat, gloves, and disposable boots d. lab coat, gloves, disposable boots, and a dosimeter badge

d. lab coat, gloves, disposable boots, and a dosimeter badge

A malocclusion in whihc one or more of the upper incisor teeth are caudal to the lower incisors is known as a. posterior crossbite b. base-narrow bite c. wry mouth d. rostral crossbite

d. rostral crossbite

when performing a dental prophylaxis, minimal safety equipment includes a. gloves only b. gloves and mask only c. safety glasses only d. safety glasses, mask, and gloves

d. safety glasses, mask, and gloves

a curette is used to a. check the tooth's surface for any irregularities b. measure the depth of gingival recession c. scale large amounts of calculus from the tooth's surface d. scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the ginigival sulcus

d. scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the ginigival sulcus

Which of the following statements is true about ultrasonic scaling a. ultrasonic sclaing is the only method to clean a tooth surface fully b. ultrasonic scaling causes thermal damage to the tooth if the tip is kept on a tooth for less than 5 seconds c. ultrasonic scaler works by spraying the tooth with water to wash the tooth clean d. the purpose if the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instrument and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage

d. the purpose if the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instrument and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage

What is the max permissible does of radiation a person can receive in a year? a. 1000 millirems/yr b. 2000 millirems/yr c. 2500 millirems/yr d.5000 millirems/yr

d.5000 millirems/yr