Water Pollution Quiz Study Guide
What are the other sources of water pollution?
Sediments, heat, oil and gasoline.
What is the name given to wastes that households wash down sinks, showers, and toilets?
Sewage.
What are the steps for the primary treatment for sewage?
1. Wastewater is filtered to remove solid materials. 2. Held in tanks where heavy particles settle out.
What is an example of point source pollution?
A pipe gushing wastewater directly into a river or stream. The pipe is a specific pollution source that can be easily identified.
What is an example of nonpoint source pollution?
Farm, street, and construction site runoff. The exact pollution source is hard to trace and identify.
Why is freshwater renewable?
It continually moves between the atmosphere and Earth's surface in the water cycle.
Where does rain water wash agricultural wastes into, and what happens as a result of that?
Ponds, causing algae to grow. Algae blocks light and depletes the oxygen in the pond.
Problems of groundwater:
- It is not always found where people live. - Cities in dry areas may draw their drinking water from hundreds of miles away.
When do water shortages occur?
- When people use water faster than the water cycle can replace it. - During a drought, when an area gets less rain
What are the steps for the secondary treatment for sewage?
1. Bacteria break down the wastes 2. Water is treated with chlorine to kill disease- causing organisms.
What percent of Earth's water is freshwater?
3%
What are the four activities/places whose waste can pollute water?
Agriculture, Industry, Mining, and Human Households
What are examples of agricultural wastes?
Animal wastes, fertilizer, and pesticides.
What are the three types of agricultural wastes?
Animal wastes, pesticides, and fertilizers.
Where does Saudi Arabia get more than half of their fresh water?
By removing salt from ocean water, which is very expensive.
What is a natural process that cleans up oil and gasoline spills?
Certain bacteria living in the ocean feed on oil.
What are industry and mining wastes?
Chemical and metal wastes that can harm organisms that live in bodies of water.
What are the two types of industry/mining wastes?
Chemical and metal wastes.
What are pesticides?
Chemicals that kill crop-destroying organisms
What can be done to the groundwater affected by underground leaks?
Groundwater can be pumped to the surface, treated, and returned underground.
What is the cause of most water pollution?
Human Activities
What are the two types of household sewage?
Human and water wastes.
What can be done to clean up underground leaks?
If the pollution has not spread far, the soil around the tank can be removed.
Where can gasoline leaking from underground storage tanks be carried, and by what?
It can be carried far away by groundwater.
What is a problem of natural processes that clean up oil and gasoline spills?
It takes a lot of time, so people often help clean up large spills.
🔑 Concept #2
Most water pollution is the result of human activities. Wastes produced by agriculture, households, industry, mining, and other human activities can end up in water.
Where is salt water found on earth?
Oceans and seas.
What is are two examples of oil and gasoline pollution?
Oil spills and oil and gasoline leaking from underground storage tanks.
What is heat pollution?
The heated water from factories that can kill organisms living in the body of water.
🔑 Concept #3
The keys to keeping water clean are effective cleanup of oil and gasoline spills, proper sewage treatment, and reduction of pollutants.
Why does it take many years for an area to recover after an oil spill?
The oil floats on water and is difficult to collect.
What is household sewage?
The water and human wastes that are washed down sinks, showers and toilets.
What does household sewage needed to be treated for, and why?
To kill disease-causing organisms, or people can become ill if they drink or swim in the water.
Sewage treatment:
Treat wastewater before returning it to the environment.
🔑 Concept
Water is scarce because most of it - about 97 percent - is salt water
What is groundwater?
Water stored in soil and rock beneath Earth's surface.
What is sediment pollution, and how is it caused?
Water that causes erosion picks up sediments, which can cover up food sources, nests, and eggs of organisms in bodies of water.
How much of fresh water on Earth is ice?
about 3/4 or three quarters
Animals that _________ from __________ ______ or ____ organisms that live in the _______ can become ____.
drink, polluted water, eat, water, ill
What do people use groundwater for?
drinking
What are the two things salt water cannot be used for?
drinking or watering plants
What is most liquid fresh water? (hint: what do you call it?)
groundwater
In what form is most of the freshwater on Earth?
ice
Fill in the blank: Water pollutants can be ______ or ___________ source pollution, classified by how they _____ the water.
point, nonpoint, enter
Fill in the rest: Even though freshwater is renewable........
there is not always enough of in a given place at a given time.
What is heat pollution also called?
thermal pollution