We are Ethics

Drunken driving arrests are an acceptable subject of query on an application if driving is pertinent to the job. True or False

True

Internal violence and corrupt behaviors proved very damaging to the labor union movement during the early 20th century. True or false

True

Lawrence Kohlberg proposed that human beings go through six stages of moral development divided into three overall levels. True or False

True

Much of the inspiration for Adam Smith's writings on capitalism came from his reaction to the dominance of mercantilism. True or false

True

Research has demonstrated a positive causal relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance. True or False

True

The Big Five personality factor of empathy is particularly closely related to conscientiousness. True or False

True

The NYSE recommends that issues of confidentiality be a part of every code of conduct. True or False

True

Code of ethics

Trustworthiness Respect Responsibility Fairness Caring Citizenship

The new protective and regulatory agencies and acts passed in the 1960s and early 1970s sought to force businesses to make greater efforts to seek the well-being of d. governmental bodies c. business owners b. shareholders a. stakeholders

a. stakeholders

How does Michael Shermer characterize the current state of humanity in terms of ethics? b. in a slight state of decline over the last 50 years d. in a steep decline due to fraying communal values c. under serious threat from technology during the 21st century a. the most moral period in our collective history

a. the most moral period in our collective history

Social group relativism would argue that a manager would make an ethical decision based on ______. a. what other managers would do in a similar situation b. how their close friends, coworkers, and relatives would act in a similar situation c. what their cultural values tell them to do d. the outcome that would give them the best chance of promotion and success

a. what other managers would do in a similar situation

In which of the following ways does a code of conduct differ from a code of ethics? a. It is explicitly written b. It deals with specific situations c. It is broader in nature. d. It includes a values statement.

b. It deals with specific situations

Why did integrity tests become more popular after 1988? a. The Likert Scale was introduced. b. The Office of Technology Assessment validated the benefit of these tests. c. Computerized assessments became more viable. d. The use of the polygraph was highly restricted.

d. The use of the polygraph was highly restricted.

According to Jonathan Haidt, our "moral sense" includes emotions like contempt, anger, and disgust. True or False

True

There is somewhat less restriction about what an employer can ask a job candidate now than there was in the 1950s. True or False

False

What is the simplest, easiest-to-apply ethical theory? a. egoism b. social group relativism c. cultural relativism d. utilitarianism

a. egoism

A code of conduct could also be referred to as a values statement. True Or False

False

Business activities in the colonies prior to the American Revolution were quite weakly regulated. True or False

False

Ethical hypocrisy exists in many companies but is not something employees are generally aware of. True or False

False

Ethics screens are inherent invasions of privacy. True or False

False

If a company doesn't have a specific person in charge of managing ethics by the time it has 50 employees, it has failed in a key measure of ethical behavior. True or False

False

A company's vision statement may reference some of the aspirations inherent to its code of ethics. True or False

True

What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890? a. Force businesses to treat workers more ethically. d. Reduce the boom-and-bust cycle in the economy. B. Increase competition in the economy. C. Reduce foreign competition against American workers

B. Increase competition in the economy.

Code of conduct: expands on the moral principles embodied in the code of ethics

Conflict of interests Corporate opportunities Confidentiality Fair dealing Protection and proper use of assets Compliance with laws, rules, and regulations Encouraging the reporting of any illegal unethical behavior

Resumes are the best source for determining an applicant's prior work performance. True or False

False

Small businesses are somewhat less prone to ethical challenges than larger corporations. True or False

False

Ethics theories as expanding consciousness

Egoism Cultural relativism Social group relativism Utilitarianism deontology Virtue ethics

6 step ethical screening process

Ethics screen notice Legal ground rules Behavioral information Personality traits and related characteristics Interview questions Post-interview questions

Ethical behavior model

Individual characteristics (Gender, religion, education, work experience, etc.) Organization characteristics (Codes values reward systems, etc.) Societal characteristics (norms and values) Individuals moral consciousness (moral awareness/sensitivity, moral development stage, ethical beliefs, moral identity, ethical intentions) Situation's moral intensity (harm magnitud, social consensus, certainty) Ethical judgement (response to moral intensity ) Ethical intention (mental commitment to morally appropriate action ) Rational ethical decision making (ethical theories) Ethical behavior

Adam Smith believed that division of labor would make businesses more competitive, but that excessive division of labor could hurt both business and worker. True or false

True

5 Most Common Unethical Behaviors in the Workplace

Misusing company time Abusive behavior Employee theft Lying to employees Violating company internet policies

Core Values

Operate with integrity and respect provide , promote, and celebrate legendary service Use superior communications Embrace continuous improvement Actively engage in self-management

Caux principles

Respect stakeholders beyond shareholders Contribute to economic, social and environmental development Respect the letter and the spirit of the law Respect rules and conventions Support responsible globalization Respect the environment Avoid illicit activities

A company following Milton Friedman's economic philosophy would have very little concern for environmental degradation caused by its operations as long as that degradation didn't hurt profits. True or false

True

10. A code of conduct requires input from which of the following that is not required for a code of ethics? a. lawyers b. employees c. upper management d. the president/CEO

a. lawyers

How does the text define "well-managed organization"? Correct! a. a community of people on a common mission to be effective, efficient, and ethical c. an efficient hierarchy of managers and employees operating under conditions of discipline and trust b. a community of people seeking a common goal in the marketplace d. a community of employees and managers working together to provide a net benefit to society

a. a community of people on a common mission to be effective, efficient, and ethical

Oaths

a public promise that serves as a moral anchor - some professions require you to take an oath upon being licensed; challenging us to be the moral best in the performance of our duties

What advantage does a reference check have over a resume in terms of gathering a candidate's behavioral information? c. It offers a more comprehensive view of a candidate's extracurricular activities. a. It is more likely to reveal a candidate's weaknesses with respect to job performance. b. It is a better way to assess a candidate's past accomplishments. d. It will give a more accurate view of a candidate's goals.

a. It is more likely to reveal a candidate's weaknesses with respect to job performance.

Which of the following was observed by the 2013 Ethics Resource Center (ERC) survey of 6,420 for-profit employees about work-related issues during their previous year of employment? c. Most of the misdeeds reported were ongoing behaviors. b. Most respondents had observed an incident of ethical misconduct. d. Senior management was implicated in very few ethical misdeeds, perhaps out of fear of retribution. a. Managers were responsible for most of the reported ethical misdeeds.

a. Managers were responsible for most of the reported ethical misdeeds.

Which of the following statements about ethics and organizations at large is accurate? d. Most organizations are ethically challenged. c. All organizations are ethically challenged. a. Organizations must work hard to maintain an internal culture free of ethical challenges. b. Organizations face ethical challenges only if they fail to both engage in ethics training and in hiring ethical employees.

a. Organizations must work hard to maintain an internal culture free of ethical challenges.

9. Research has shown that what three value categories show up in most codes of ethics? a. deontological, utilitarian, and ethics of care b. obeying the law, ethics of care, and fair use c. kind/caring, socialist, and deontological d. social good, utilitarian, and fair treatment

a. deontological, utilitarian, and ethics of care

Which of the following statements about ethical intention is accurate? a. Ethical intention leads to ethical judgment. b. Just because a person forms an ethical intention does not mean he or she will act on it. c. It is easier to form an unethical intention than an ethical intention. d. Old habits help strengthen the will to follow through with an ethical intention.

b. Just because a person forms an ethical intention does not mean he or she will act on it.

What would a utilitarian consider to be the ultimate goal of an ethical decision? a. benefiting their in-group b. creating the most good in the world c. bringing about equality of income d. doing no harm to any party or individual

b. creating the most good in the world

Which of the following was a core demand of colonial leaders seeking independence from England as expressed in the Declaration of Independence? d. the right to expand westward a. an end to the practice of impressment b. government based on the consent of the governed c. lower taxation

b. government based on the consent of the governed

In a particular country, the wealthy have a lot of control over resources and strong influence in government. A large percentage of the population is poor and has relatively little control over the course of their lives, but both sides seem to accept this as the way of things. Based on the value continuum described by Geert Hofstede, this is probably a(n) ______ culture. a. collectivist b. high power distance c. low uncertainty avoidance d. indulgent

b. high power distance

According to the text, 63 percent of the average corporation's market value can be attributed to ______. c. share price a. quality of product d. market share b. reputation

b. reputation

In which of the following ways does back-end disparate discrimination differ from front-end disparate discrimination? a. Front-end disparate discrimination is intentional; back-end disparate discrimination is b. Front-end disparate discrimination is usually legal; back-end disparate discrimination is typically illegal. c. Front-end disparate discrimination does not happen to any specific candidates; back-end disparate discrimination acts on actual applicants. d. Front-end disparate discrimination is typically prosecuted more harshly than back-end disparate discrimination.

c. Front-end disparate discrimination does not happen to any specific candidates; back-end disparate discrimination acts on actual applicants.

8. What effect did the Sarbanes-Oxley Act have on codes of ethics and conduct in publicly traded companies? a. It forced companies to have or refine a code of conduct. b. It forced companies to have or refine a code of ethics. c. It forced transparency about whether or not companies had a code of ethics or conduct. d. It forced transparency into the nature of a company's ethics training system.

c. It forced transparency about whether or not companies had a code of ethics or conduct.

How does an employer prevent an ethics screen from becoming an invasion of privacy? b. Have the candidate sign a waiver. d. Ensure that the ethics screen deals only with activities related to work. a. Make clear that the ethics screen is a condition of acceptance. c. Have the candidate sign a nondisclosure agreement.

d. Ensure that the ethics screen deals only with activities related to work.

Which of the following statements about formal development of an ethics program is accurate? a. A company should have an ethics office even when it is very new and small. b. The company should have lawyers decide when to expand ethics programs to larger levels. c. The ethics code is embodied by entry-level employees in small organizations. d. It's a good idea to put a specific individual in charge of managing ethics in a 50-employee company.

d. It's a good idea to put a specific individual in charge of managing ethics in a 50-employee company.

What is the decision maker's first step in the critical thinking decision-making process? a. Consider the consequence of virtuous action to the self. b. Decide whether or not the issue has ethical dimensions. c. Ask what one's peers would do in the situation. d. List all options under consideration.

d. List all options under consideration.

Which of the following is likely to cause an act to have high moral intensity to a person? a. The outcome of the act is highly unpredictable. b. The act will not affect others to a very serious degree. c. The morality of the act is likely to illicit many varying opinions from those witnessing it. d. The act is going to cause someone harm within just a few minutes.

d. The act is going to cause someone harm within just a few minutes.

How are small businesses different from large businesses with respect to ethics violations? a. The difficulties of managing morally questionable employees are somewhat smaller with small businesses. d. They are likely to have fewer well-educated employees who are less committed to the organization. b. They are less susceptible to bullying issues with large clients. c. They are likely to have more respectful and less contentious relationships with clients and customers.

d. They are likely to have fewer well-educated employees who are less committed to the organization.

What morally admirable accomplishment does the text credit to the U.S. during its development between the 1700s and 1900? d. increasing life expectancy a. granting full equality of opportunity b. eliminating unfair competition c. creating ideal work conditions

d. increasing life expectancy

Among individual characteristics, which of the following is considered a variable within an individual's control? a. gender b. culture c. age d. locus of control

d. locus of control

What is the first step in managing ethical work behaviors? d. the hiring process c. employee orientation a. the official employee review b. the employee-manager relationship

d. the hiring process

In the chapter's initial Volkswagen emissions cheating scenario, at what point does the subject--the engineer who helped with the cheating--first truly question why he or she was complicit in the cheating? a. when the scheme appears to be successful b. when the environmental effects are considered c. when first approached to help with the cheating d. when the first serious consequences become apparent

d. when the first serious consequences become apparent

Ethical hypocrisy

the gap between an organization's formal ethics proclamations and its actual behavior, damages employee morale.