Western Civilization 2 Finals
Apple's iPad was introduced in
2010
Evidence that the Russians struggled to mobilize for total war can be found in the fact that they conscripted millions of men but could only arm
25 percent of them.
The American artist Jackson Pollock was most noted for
Abstract Expressionist paintings.
The founding members of NATO included all of the following except
Albania.
Although France granted full independence to Morocco and Tunisia in 1956, it attempted to retain its dominion in
Algeria.
A less brutal approach to justice and punishment in the eighteenth century is associated with
Beccaria.
One country that was not an original member of the European Coal and Steel Community was
Britain.
The growing forces of liberalism and nationalism in central Europe were exemplified by the
Burschenschaften, the student societies of Germany.
British Prime Minister David Cameron is a member of the
Conservative Party.
At the Munich Conference in 1938, Hitler demanded the right to annex the German-speaking area of
Czechoslovakia.
The leader who remarked, "In questions of honor and vital interests, you don't consult others" was
Empire William II of Germany.
In reaction to significant elements of rationalism and deism, in what two countries did some ordinary Protestant churchgoers chose new religious movements?
England and Germany.
Because of the success of Russia's new free-market society, introduced after the collapse of the Soviet Union, by the early twenty-first century, less than five percent of the Russian people were still living in poverty.
False
Female political activist Olympe de Gouges was the author of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
False
The Monroe Doctrine, promulgated by the United States, asked for European intervention in Latin America to prevent the revolutionary impulse from spreading northward.
False
The reunification of Germany after the fall of the Berlin Wall led to the immediate emergence of considerable prosperity in the former Eastern Germany.
False
The author whose work emphasizes suffering and faith as the means for the human soul to be purified was
Fyodor Dostoevsky.
The chief reason for the United States' entry into World War I was
German violations of the principles of neutrality and freedom of the seas.
An important figure in the development of an early computer and the inventor of the computer language COBOL was
Grace Hopper.
A successful slave rebellion against French rule occurred in
Haiti.
European music in the later eighteenth century is best associated with
Haydn and Mozart, who shifted the musical center from Italy and Germany to the Austrian Empire.
The author of Facing Mount Kenya, which argued that British rule responsible for the destruction of the traditional culture of the peoples of black Africa, was
Jomo Kenyatta.
The American president who made the decision to bomb North Vietnam and who significantly increased the number of American troops in the Second Vietnam War was
Lyndon Johnson.
According to Leonardo da Vinci, what subject was the key to understanding the nature of things?
Mathematics.
Britain's emergence as the first industrial power was aided by all of the following except
Parliament's heavy and controlling involvement in private enterprise.
Hitler's first act of aggression took place in 1936 when the Germans occupied
Rhineland.
By 1850, all of the following countries were close to Britain in industrial output except
Russia
In general, by the late nineteenth century, the worst treatment of the Jews occurred in
Russia
The rivalry between Russia and Austria-Hungary for domination of the new states in southeastern Europe played out largely through a conflict involving
Serbia.
British statesmen who followed a policy of appeasement believed Germany served as a powerful bulwark against
Soviet communism.
After the construction of the Berlin Wall, East Germany developed the strongest economy among the Soviet Union's Eastern European satellites.
True
Although his domestic accomplishments were significant, Napoleon III's foreign policy was much less successful, as exemplified in his failed attempt to install Archduke Maximilian of Austria as emperor of Mexico.
True
Although many European rulers desired to emulate the size and grandiosity of Versailles, they usually adopted the Baroque-Rococo architectural style rather than the French classical style of Louis XIV's palace.
True
As general secretary of the Communist Party, Mikhail Gorbachev abolished Article 6 of the Soviet Constitution, which had guaranteed the "leading role" to the Communist Party.
True
Charles Dickens, whose novels focused upon the English lower and middle classes, was the greatest of the Victorian novelists in realistically portraying urban industrial society.
True
Eastern Europe was the first area of disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union after the end of World War II.
True
In 2004, Yugoslavia officially ceased to exist when it was renamed Serbia and Montenegro.
True
In 1871, William I was proclaimed kaiser, or emperor, of the Second Reich in
Versailles.
In 1965, President Charles de Gaulle of France called the United States "the greatest danger in the world today to peace" because of U.S. policy in
Vietnam.
Dmitry Medvedev was succeeded as president of Russia in 2012 by
Vladimir Putin.
The Liberal political leader who introduced two home rule bills parliamentary leader was
William Gladstone.
According to Karl Marx, the final result of the struggle between bourgeoisie and proletariat would be
a classless society.
By the 1980s Soviet problems included all of the following except
a collapse of the space exploration program.
A dramatic social development affecting the status and expectations of women in Western Europe since the 1960s has been
a persistent decline in birth rates across Europe with Spain becoming the lowest in the world.
New European attitudes toward children are made visible in all of the following except
a reinforcement of the custom of primogeniture.
According to The Social Contract, the "general will" was
a social consensus to which the individual must bow.
In late nineteenth-century Europe, increased competition for foreign markets and the growing importance of domestic demand for economic development led to
a strong reaction against free trade and imposition of steep protective tariffs by most nations.
The dominant form of government in Eastern Europe in the 1920s and 1930s was
authoritarianism
In addition to examining everyday life, the literary Realists of the mid-nineteenth century were also interested in
avoiding sentimental language by using careful observation and description.
As soldiers on both sides realized that no one could gain an advantage in trench warfare
daily life for the soldier became increasingly squalid and miserable in rat-infested trenches.
A favorite type of private charity supported by the rich in eighteenth-century Europe was
foundling homes for poor and abandoned children.
The Bill of Rights ratified by the new United States guaranteed
freedom of religion.
The entry of the United States into World War I in April 1917
gave the nearly-defeated Allied Powers a psychological boost.
In the fifty years before the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789, the French economy was
growing due to an expansion of foreign trade and industrial production.
Joseph Stalin's emergence as leader of the Communist party was aided by
his position as general secretary of the Bolshevik party.
All of the following are true of Pope Paul II except
holding liberal views on birth control and women in the priesthood.
During the Second Industrial Revolution, working-class organizations emphasized the gender role of women as
housewives.
It can be argued that this key decision early in the war by Adolf Hitler made the defeat of Germany inevitable:
immediately declaring war on the United States after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
The greatest difference between Naturalism and Realism in literature was
in general, naturalism was more pessimistic than realism.
During the second half of the eighteenth century, the import of raw cotton into Britain
increased dramatically.
Galileo's idea that a body in motion continues in motion unless deflected by an external force is called the principle of
inertia.
All of the following are correct about trade and commerce in the eighteenth century except
international trade had become greater than trade within Europe.
Which of the following were major themes/subjects of Romantic artists?
landscapes and depictions of nature.
In Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (1899), Houston Stewart Chamberlain predicted that Germany was destined to
lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe.
All of the following were accomplished by the National/Constituent Assembly except the
legal defense of seigneurial rights throughout the country.
European warfare in the eighteenth century was characterized by
limited objectives and elaborate maneuvers.
The Cold War policy adopted in the mid-1950s by the Eisenhower administration was
massive retaliation.
Among nineteenth-century European political movements, the one most responsible for triggering World War I was
nationalism
According to relativity theory
neither time nor space is absolute but relative to the observer.
Eighteenth-century writers, especially in England, used this new form of literary expression to attack the hypocrisies of the era and provide sentimental entertainment to growing numbers of readers:
novels.
The largest segment of European society in the nineteenth century was composed of
peasant landholders, unskilled day laborers, and domestic servants.
Johannes Kepler was the first astronomer to show that
planetary orbits are elliptical.
British rule brought all of the following to India in the late nineteenth century except
political democracy
Friedrich List showed how Germany could catch up with British industry by
protecting infant industries with high tariffs.
A frequent method employed to make the many very young boys and girls working in new British industries obey the owner's factory discipline was
repeated beatings.
Political caricatures during the 1830s and 1840s in France often depicted Louis-Philippe with a pear-shaped head in part because the French word for pear had the slang meaning of
simpleton or fool.
Nazi ideas about appropriate work for women encouraged them to pursue occupations in
social work.
In eighteenth-century Europe, churches, both Catholic and Protestant,
still played a major role in social and spiritual areas.
Challenges facing the European Union in the early twenty-first century include
that many Europeans remain committed to a national identify and do not see themselves as "Europeans."
On July 4, 1776, the delegates of the Second Continental Congress approved
the Declaration of Independence.
All of the following is true of the home front in the United States except
the Great Depression continued, although the worst effects of it were alleviated.
An early female philosophe who published a translation of Newton's Principia and who was the mistress of Voltaire was
the Marquise du Chatelet.
The early center of American industrialization was
the Northeast.
In the late 1970s, punk rock music was exemplified by
the Sex Pistols.
Hitler settled on acquiring German Lebensraum in the east in Russian territory in part because of his racist belief that
the Slavs were an "inferior" people now governed by impotent Jews among the Bolsheviks and worthy of enslavement.
The most watched event on television is
the World Cup.
All of the following is characteristic of the United States in the 1950s except
the collapse of labor unions.
All are correct about the war in Iraq that began in 2003 except
the complete withdrawal of American troops was completed in 2009.
Regular police forces and prison reform were geared toward
the creation of more disciplined and law-abiding societies.
An issue that brought socialists together in the nineteenth century was
the desire to improve working and living conditions for most workers.
The book's excerpt from Mark Twain's Life on the Mississippi describes
the impact of steamboats on a town located on the Mississippi.
Of the following, under the Second Empire, Napoleon III was most interested in
the industrial development of France.
In July and August 1789, the king's attempt to halt the Revolution was thwarted by
the intervention of armed commoners, especially in urban uprisings.
In seeking unification, many Italian nationalists in the 1850s looked for leadership from
the kingdom of Piedmont.
All of the following were characteristics of Romanticism except
the rejection of the supernatural and unfamiliar.
Descartes believed that the world could be understood by
the same principles inherent in mathematical thinking.
In pursuing the war against the Axis powers, the Grand Alliance demanded of its opponents
unconditional surrender.
Just prior to the Revolution in France, the number of the poor in France
went up significantly.
During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, female midwives
were replaced by men who used devices and techniques derived from the study of anatomy.
The collectivization of agriculture under Stalin was characterized by
widespread famine.