Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
In the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what do you do after ranking the absolute differences? a) Sum the positive ranks and sum the negative ranks separately b) Calculate the mean rank difference c) Compute the test statistic based on the mean ranks d) Determine the critical value for the test
a
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is more robust than the paired t-test when dealing with: a) Outliers b) Missing data c) Unequal variances d) Categorical variables
a
What is a common application of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test in medical research? a) Comparing patient outcomes before and after a treatment intervention b) Comparing the effectiveness of two different treatment interventions in separate groups of patients c) Assessing the relationship between two continuous variables d) Comparing the proportions of patients experiencing a specific outcome in two separate groups
a
When using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which of the following types of data is NOT appropriate for analysis? a) Continuous data with a normal distribution b) Continuous data with a non-normal distribution c) Ordinal data d) Nominal data
d
What is a key difference between the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test? a) The Signed Rank Test is used for related samples, while the Rank Sum Test is used for independent samples b) The Signed Rank Test is used for independent samples, while the Rank Sum Test is used for related samples c) The Signed Rank Test is based on the sum of ranks, while the Rank Sum Test is based on the mean rank d) The Signed Rank Test is a parametric test, while the Rank Sum Test is a non-parametric test
a
What is the primary disadvantage of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test compared to the paired t-test? a) It has less statistical power b) It requires more assumptions about the data c) It is less robust to outliers d) It is more difficult to calculate
a
When computing the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what is the first step after calculating the differences between the pairs of observations? a) Rank the absolute differences b) Calculate the mean rank c) Determine the critical value d) Compute the test statistic
a
When conducting a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what should be done if the data are heavily skewed or contain extreme outliers? a) Transform the data to meet the assumptions of the test b) Use a different non-parametric test c) Use a parametric test instead d) Remove the outliers and continue with the test
a
When is it appropriate to use a one-tailed Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test? a) When you have a directional hypothesis about the difference between the related samples b) When you have a non-directional hypothesis about the difference between the related samples c) When you are comparing more than two related samples d) When you are comparing two independent samples
a
When using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, if the p-value is less than the chosen significance level (alpha), you should: a) Reject the null hypothesis b) Retain the null hypothesis c) Calculate the effect size d) Perform a post-hoc analysis
a
When using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what is the role of the test statistic in hypothesis testing? a) To determine if the null hypothesis should be rejected or retained b) To estimate the population parameter c) To calculate the effect size of the differences between pairs d) To assess the reliability of the test results
a
If the assumptions for the paired t-test are met, which test is generally preferred due to higher statistical power? a) The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test b) The paired t-test c) The Mann-Whitney U Test d) The independent t-test
b
In the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what do you do with the pairs that have a difference of zero? a) Include them in the ranking process b) Exclude them from the ranking process c) Assign them the lowest rank d) Assign them the highest rank
b
In the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which test statistic is typically used for larger sample sizes? a) The W statistic b) The Z statistic c) The T statistic d) The F statistic
b
In the context of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what does the term "non-parametric" mean? a) The test does not require any assumptions about the data distribution b) The test requires fewer assumptions about the data distribution than parametric tests c) The test is not based on any population parameters d) The test is based on ranks rather than raw data values
b
In the context of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what does the term "related samples" refer to? a) Samples that are derived from the same population b) Samples that are matched or paired in some way c) Samples that are independent of each other d) Samples that share the same variance
b
In the context of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which of the following best describes the term "paired samples"? a) Samples that are drawn from the same population b) Samples that have a one-to-one correspondence between observations c) Samples that are independent of each other d) Samples that share the same variance
b
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is a non-parametric test used to compare: a) Two independent samples b) Two related or paired samples c) Three or more independent samples d) Three or more related or paired samples
b
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is an alternative to which parametric test? a) Independent t-test b) Paired t-test c) One-way ANOVA d) Repeated measures ANOVA
b
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is more appropriate than the paired t-test when: a) The data are normally distributed and interval b) The data are ordinal or have a non-normal distribution c) The sample size is extremely large d) The data show a linear relationship
b
The main advantage of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test over the paired t-test is that it: a) Has greater statistical power b) Requires fewer assumptions about the data c) Can be used with categorical data d) Provides more detailed information about the differences between samples
b
The null hypothesis for the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test states that: a) The population means are equal b) The population medians are equal c) There is no significant difference between the populations d) The sum of the positive and negative ranks is equal
b
What is the primary purpose of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test? a) To determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two related samples b) To determine if there is a significant difference between the medians of two related samples c) To determine if there is a significant correlation between two related samples d) To determine if there is a significant difference between the variances of two related samples
b
When comparing two related samples using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the alternative hypothesis states that: a) There is no difference between the medians of the two samples b) There is a difference between the medians of the two samples c) There is a difference between the means of the two samples d) There is no difference between the means of the two samples
b
When using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the null hypothesis is rejected if: a) The test statistic (T) is greater than the critical value b) The test statistic (T) is less than the critical value c) The p-value is greater than the significance level (alpha) d) The p-value is less than the significance level (alpha)
b
When using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what does a significant result indicate? a) There is a significant difference between the two independent samples b) There is a significant difference between the two related samples c) The two related samples are not significantly different d) There is a significant interaction effect between the two samples
b
In the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which of the following is true about the calculation of the test statistic (T)? a) It is the sum of the signed ranks b) It is the difference between the sum of the positive ranks and the sum of the negative ranks c) It is the smaller of the sum of the positive ranks and the sum of the negative ranks d) It is the larger of the sum of the positive ranks and the sum of the negative ranks
c
In the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which test statistic is typically used for smaller sample sizes? a) The W statistic b) The Z statistic c) The T statistic d) The F statistic
c
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test can be used for hypothesis testing with which of the following types of data? a) Continuous data b) Ordinal data c) Both continuous and ordinal data d) Neither continuous nor ordinal data
c
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is sensitive to which of the following? a) The magnitude of the differences between pairs b) The sign of the differences between pairs c) Both the magnitude and the sign of the differences between pairs d) Neither the magnitude nor the sign of the differences between pairs
c
The assumptions of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test include all of the following EXCEPT: a) The data are measured on an ordinal or higher scale b) The data are paired or matched c) The differences between pairs are normally distributed d) The differences between pairs are symmetric
c
The test statistic for the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is usually denoted as: a) W b) Z c) T d) F
c
When comparing two related samples, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is used to test the hypothesis that: a) The mean difference is greater than zero b) The mean difference is less than zero c) The median difference is equal to zero d) The median difference is not equal to zero
c
When should you use the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test instead of the paired t-test? a) When the data are normally distributed b) When the sample size is large c) When the data are not normally distributed or are ordinal d) When the data show homoscedasticity
c
When the assumptions of the paired t-test are not met, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is considered: a) A more powerful test b) A less powerful test c) Equally powerful as the paired t-test d) Inappropriate for use
c
Which of the following assumptions is required for the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test? a) The data are normally distributed b) The data are independent c) The data are measured on an ordinal or higher scale d) The data show homoscedasticity
c
Which of the following is a reason to choose the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test over a paired t-test? a) The sample size is very large b) The data are normally distributed c) The data have outliers or are not symmetric d) The data are measured on a nominal scale
c
In a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, what is the purpose of ranking the absolute differences between pairs? a) To assess the overall effect size of the differences b) To remove the influence of outliers c) To normalize the distribution of the differences d) To establish a basis for comparing the magnitude of the differences
d
In the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the critical value is derived from which distribution? a) The normal distribution b) The t-distribution c) The chi-square distribution d) The Wilcoxon distribution
d
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test assumes that the data are: a) Normally distributed b) Skewed c) Bimodal d) Continuous or ordinal
d
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is an example of a non-parametric test because: a) It does not require the assumption of normality b) It is based on ranks rather than raw data values c) It is less powerful than parametric tests d) Both a and b
d
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is appropriate for which type of data? a) Nominal b) Ordinal c) Interval d) Both ordinal and interval
d
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is based on: a) Mean ranks b) Median ranks c) Range of ranks d) Sum of ranks
d
What is the null hypothesis of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test when testing for a difference between two related samples? a) The mean ranks of the differences are equal to zero b) The median ranks of the differences are equal to zero c) The sum of the positive ranks is equal to the sum of the negative ranks d) The distribution of the differences is symmetric around zero
d
When conducting a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the p-value is used to: a) Determine the test statistic b) Rank the absolute differences c) Compare the test statistic to the critical value d) Assess the probability of observing the test statistic under the null hypothesis
d
When reporting the results of a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which of the following should be included? a) The test statistic (T) b) The critical value c) The p-value d) All of the above
d
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test compared to the paired t-test? a) It is more robust to the presence of outliers b) It can be used with ordinal data c) It requires fewer assumptions about the data d) It has greater statistical power when the assumptions of the paired t-test are met
d
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate use of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test? a) Comparing pre-test and post-test scores of participants in an educational program b) Comparing the ratings of two different movies by the same group of reviewers c) Comparing the heights of fathers and their sons d) Comparing the average income of two unrelated groups of people
d
Which of the following statements is true about the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test? a) It is a parametric test b) It is used to compare the means of two related samples c) It is not affected by the presence of outliers d) It is used to compare the medians of two related samples
d
Which of the following statements is true about the assumptions of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test? a) The assumption of normality is required b) The assumption of independence is required c) The assumption of equal variances is required d) The assumption of normality is not required
d
