world civ test 2

After the nations of Latin America gained their independence in the nineteenth century, their economies became dominated by the a. Americans b. Spanish c. British d. Portuguese

c. British

The Polish astronomer who concluded that the sum is the center of our solar system was a. Galileo b. Kepler c. Copernicus d. Newton

c. Copernicus

In 1821 who proclaimed the independence of Mexico and became the first Mexican emperor ? a. Simon Bolivar b. Miguel Hidalgo c. Jose de San Martin d. Augustin de Iturbide

d. Augustin de Iturbide

The Italian astronomer and physicist, author of "The Starry Messenger," who improved the telescope and was condemned by the Catholic Church was a. Copernicus b. Descartes c. Kepler d. Galileo

d. Galileo

All of the following were direct results of the Spanish-American War EXCEPT a. Cuba became an American protectorate b. The United States annexed Puerto Rico c. American investment in Latin America increased d. Haiti gained independence

d. Haiti gained independence

The discoverer of the germ theory of disease was a. Michael Faraday b. Marie Curie c. Albert Einstein d. Louis Pasteur

d. Louis Pasteur

The formal event which led to the break between the American colonies and England was the a. creation of the Articles of Confederation b. confrontation over the Stamp Act c. Boston Tea Party d. Signing of the Declaration of Independence

d. Signing of the Declaration of Independence

The Reform Bill of 1832 increased the number of male voters in Britain. true or false

true

The Ausgleich, or Compromise of 1867, created the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary. true or false

True

The new Italian Kingdom established in 1861 a. was, to a significant degree, the result of the diplomatic and political work of Cavour and the military actions of Garibaldi b. was created as a result of mass uprisings in 1860 and 1861 when Russian and French troops were driven out c. owed its success to Alexander II d. was created as a result of the Italian-Prussian War

a. was, to a significant degree, the result of the diplomatic and political work of Cavour and the military actions of Garibaldi

The person viewed as one of the founders of modern economics and known for the doctrine of "laissez-faire" was a. Adam Smith b. Descartes c. Robert Walpole d. John Locke

a. Adam Smith

The creator of "relativity theory" was a. Albert Einstein b. Enrico Fermi c. Charles Darwin d. Max Planck

a. Albert Einstein

The first European nation to grant women the right to vote was a. Norway b. Great Britain c. France d. Germany

a. Norway

Which of the following did NOT play a crucial role in making Britain the site of the first Industrial Revolution? a. Over ninety-five percent of the population was literate b. Its increased population served as a labor source for the nation's new factories. c. Britain had, and was able to improve upon an already adequate system. d. Britain had adequate supplies of coal and iron.

a. Over ninety-five percent of the population was literate

The Jacobin leader of the French Revolution who declared France a Republic was a. Robespierre b. Danton c. Napoleon d. Marat

a. Robespierre

The liberators of Venezuela and Argentine, respectively, were a. Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin b. Augustin de Itrubide and Miguel Hidalgo c. Santa Ana and Toussaint L'Ouverture d. Benito Juarez and Pancho Villa

a. Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin

The United States seized control of the Hawaiian Islands in 1898 by a. deposing Queen Liliuokalani and annexing the territory b. defeating Spain the the Spanish-American War and taking the islands as a "spoil of war" c. invading and militarily conquering the islands d. signing a treaty with Great Britain which gave the Unites States the islands in exchange for the western part of Canada.

a. deposing Queen Liliuokalani and annexing the territory

A central characteristic of Romantic art and literature was a a. desire to create art and literature that showed the artist's and writer's inner feelings b. desire to avoid the inner emotions of the artist or writer c. desire to reflect classical timelessness d. an objective portrayal of the "real" world

a. desire to create art and literature that showed the artist's and writer's inner feelings

Which country was NOT a part of the Congress of Vienna? a. Germany b. Austria c. Prussia d. Russia

a. Germany

by 1900, the world's richest nation and greatest industrial power was a. Great Britain b. the United States c. Germany d. France

a. Great Britain

The beginning of Napoleon's downfall came in 1812 with his invasion of a. Russia b. Spain c. England d. Austria

a. Russia

Karl Marx believed that all of human history was the story of a. the class struggle b. the survival of the fittest c. nationalism d. the end justifying the means

a. the class struggle

The RomanCatholic Church condemned the theories of Copernicus and Galileo because they a. threatened the Holy Scriptures and the dogma (teaching) of the Church b. Conflicted with the teaching of Newton and Kepler which the church supported c. wee contrary to the ideas of the Council of Trent d. ended the spirituality of the earth

a. threatened the Holy Scriptures and the dogma (teaching) of the Church

Britain decided to end its war against the Americans after a combined American and French force defeated General Cornwallis at a. Yorktown b. Saratoga c. Valley Forge d. Lexington and Concord

a. yorktown

A result of the Seven Years' War was that a. The Dutch permanently withdrew from the New World b. Great Britain became the world's greatest colonial power c. France ceded the Louisiana Territory to the United States d. France gained India

b. Great Britain became the world's greatest colonial power

Which of the following was NOT a result of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870? a. German unification was achieved b. Louis Napoleon made himself Emperor of the Third Republic in France c. The French suffered a military and political humiliation d. The loss of territory created a desire for vengeance on the part of the French

b. Louis Napoleon made himself Emperor of the Third Republic in France

The first steam-powered locomotive was pioneered by a. James Watt b. Richard Trevithick c. George Stephenson d. Edmund Cartwright

b. Richard Trevithick

The late nineteenth century advocate of Zionism which called for a separate Jewish state was a. Albert Einstein b. Theodore Herzl c. Max Planck d. Adolf Hitler

b. Theodore Herzl

Charles Darwin presented a theory of evolution that a. claimed humans were aggregations of atomic attraction and radiomagnetic induction b. stated that all living things are involved in a struggle to survive c. excluded human beings from the process of natural selection d. strengthened the concept of the universe possessing purpose and design

b. stated that all living things are involved in a struggle to survive

The intellectuals of the Enlightenment advocated the a. abandonment of reason for the purpose of developing human knowledge b. use of the scientific method to foster progress toward a "better" society c. creation of a new religion of sciences d. application of religious precepts to all knowledge

b. use of the scientific method to foster progress toward a "better" society

The slogan of the French Revolution was . "Peace, Bread, Land" b. "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" c. "Give me liberty, or give me death" d. "Dare to know"

b. "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"

this brilliant inventor sent the first radio waves across the Atlantic in 1901 a. Thomas Edison b. Alexander Graham Bell c. Guglielmo Marconi d. James Watt

c. Guglielmo Marconi

The Austrian ruler whose reform program abolished serfdom, eliminated internal trade barriers, and instituted a new penal code was a. Catherine the Great b. Maria Theresa c. Joseph II d. Frederick the Great

c. Joseph II

_______________________ discovered that an element called radium gave off rays of radiation that apparently came from within the atom itself. a. Sir Isaac Newton b. Max Plancj c. Marie Curie d. Albert Einstein

c. Marie Curie

The philosopher who wrote "Spirit of Laws," who praised the checks and balances of the British government and believed in an executive, legislative, and judicial branch of government was a. Voltaire b. Rousseau c. Montesquieu d. Diderot

c. Montesquieu

The Crimean War a. strengthened Russia's military prestige b. strengthened the Concert of Europe c. ended when England and France aided Turkey in defeating Russia d. resulted in a situation that was detrimental to Italian and German unification

c. ended when England and France aided Turkey in defeating Russia

The Estates-General was convened in France in 1789 in order to deal with the a. invasion by the Austrian forces b. discontent in the French colonies c. near bankruptcy of the French Treasury d. Louis XVI's demand for more power

c. near bankruptcy of the French Treasury

The first male-dominated occupation to be entered by women was a. architecture b. nursing c. teaching d. manufacturing

c. teaching

An aspect of nineteenth-century development in Canada was a. the United States gained the province of Quebec b. the Canadians led a successful bloody rebellion against the British c. the Dominion of Canada was established in 1867 d. the French regained control of the province of Quebec

c. the Dominion of Canada was established in 1867

The event that officially started the French Revolution was a. the signing of the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen" b. the Tennis Court Oath c. the Storming of the Bastille d. the formation of the Committee of Public Safety

c. the Storming of the Bastille

Historians generally agree that the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain began sometime after a. 1650 b. 1700 c. 1750 d. 1800

c. 1750

Between 1870 and 1914, _________________ replaced Great Britain as the industrial leader of Europe. a. Italy b. Austria c. Germany d. France

c. Germany

As a direct result of the French Revolution, this nation became the first Latin American state to win its independence from European colonialism a. Hispaniola b. Puerto Rico c. Haiti d. French Virgin Islands

c. Haiti

The steam engine was developed by a. Edmund Cartwright b. James Hargreaves c. James Watt d. Henry Cort

c. James Watt

From 1805 to 1807, Napoleon's Grand Army defeated armies in all of the following countries EXCEPT a. Austria b. Prussia c. Russia d. Italy

c. Russia

Freud a. based his ideas on a firm belief in the immutable rationality of human personality b. advanced the ideas of the id, the wunderkind, and the quanta to explain human behavior c. was the leading European proponent of Social Darwinism d. challenged the nineteenth century belief in progress with his stress on irrational and unconscious forces operating within a man's life

d. challenged the nineteenth century belief in progress with his stress on irrational and unconscious forces operating within a man's life

Napoleon's successful domestic policies included all EXCEPT a. making peace with the Catholic Church (Concordat of 1801) b. The Code Napoleon (legal system of laws) c. the University of France (public education) d. the Continental System (economic trade)

d. the Continental System (economic trade)

The eighteenth-century ruler who called himself "the first servant of the state" was a. Joseph II of Austria b. Louis XVI of France c. Peter the Great of Russia d. Frederick II of Prussia

d. Frederick II of Prussia

The causes of the American Civil War include all of the following EXCEPT a. Sectionalism b. States' Rights c. Slavery d. Seclusion

d. Seclusion

The Congress of Vienna in 1815 a. was attended by representatives from France, Britain, Italy, and the United States b. was dominated by Camillo di Cavour c. operated in accord with the principle of liberalism d. agreed to meet periodically to take steps to maintain Europe's peace and stability

d. agreed to meet periodically to take steps to maintain Europe's peace and stability

By aiming at establishing legitimacy and a traditional balance of power in European political affairs, Metternich and his associates at the Congress of Vienna were advocates of the ideology known as a. liberalism b. nationalism c. socialism d. conservatism

d. conservatism

Napoleon gained control of the executive authority of the French government by a. being elected as first director of the Directory b. capitalizing on his military victories to become a popularly elected president c. his appointment to the post by a newly restored monarch, Louis XVII d. seizing power in a coup d'etat

d. seizing power in a coup d'etat

The most multinational state in Europe in the nineteenth century, and thus the one most threatened by the new ideology of nationalism was a. France b. Great Britain c. Germany d. Austria

d. Austria

The radical suffragette in England who demanded voting rights for women was a. Clara Barton b. Elizabeth Pool Sanford c. Florence Nightengale d. Emmeline Pankhurst

d. Emmeline Pankhurst

The worst conditions for the Industrial Revolution were found in a. coal mines b. sugar factories c. steel production d. cotton mills

d. cotton mills

Some aspects of the "mass society" in the West in the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries included all of the following EXCEPT a. urbanization b. compulsory elementary education c. professional sporting events d. increase in the number of babies born to the average woman

d. increase in the number of babies born to the average woman

The basis of Latin American wealth, social prestige, and power throughout the nineteenth century was a. gold b. sugar cane c. tobacco d. land

d. land

Children were discouraged from working in cotton mills because their smaller size did not allow the to move among the machines and they were too difficult to train to do complex factory work. true or false

false

The Congress of Vienna in 1815 instituted the principle of legitimacy and the principle of intervention. true or false

true

The Unification of Germany was led by Otto von Bismarck with a policy of "blood and iron" and Realpolitik (the politics of reality). true or false

true