World Civilizations Q1

Between __________________, the population of the Ottoman Empire decreased by about 23,000,000 people. This represents a decline of _____________________.

(1) 1831 (2) 75 percent

The Tigris River is found at ______________ The Euphrates River is found at ______________ The mountains at letter D are called the ______________ Mountains

(1) A (2) B (3) Taurus

New Kingdom

(1) Advanced weaponry (2) Advanced territorial expansion

The Eastern Roman Empire is located at ______________. Constantinople is located at ______________. Rome is located at ______________.

(1) B (2) D (3) C

The Hindu religion has its roots in a religion called __________________. Unlike the other major religions, Hinduism __________________. Hindu beliefs are based in religious texts called the __________________.

(1) Brahmanism (2) developed over a long period of time (3) Upanishads

The Middle Kingdom

(1) Canal constructed to Red Sea (2) Prosperity and trade increased (3) Kingdom fell to Hyksos invaders

Direct democracy is a system in which _____________ participate in government decisions directly. All Athenian citizens participated in government by voting in the _____________.

(1) Citizens (2) General Assembly

The Torah

(1) Explains the story of Judaism (2) Includes God's directions for worship (3) Includes directions for life (4) Known as the Five Books of Moses

The Mongols were unified under their talented general, _____________________. The empire began on the steppes of _____________________. Mongol warriors were noted for their courage and for their _____________________ with their enemies. On their many military campaigns, the Mongol armies were known for being _____________________.

(1) Genghis Khan (2) Mongolia (3) ruthlessness (4) organized and well-led

The Old Kingdom

(1) Great Pyramids were constructed (2) Advanced irrigation systems

Roman culture was heavily influenced by _________________ civilization. The Roman religion adopted _________________, and religion was heavily focused on _________________. The Roman religion did not include _________________.

(1) Greek (2) Greek gods (3) performing rituals to please the gods (4) a moral code of behavior

During the ______________ Empire, trade greatly expanded between India and other parts of the world. Indian merchants often served as middlemen between traders from the West and those from ______________. ______________ was an important trade good, and it often passed through Indian hands before moving to other regions. This growth in trade resulted in ______________ wealth and the development of India's first ______________ system.

(1) Gupta (2) China (3) Silk cloth from China (4) Increased (5) Banking

Phoenician Empire

(1) Had independent city-states (2) Created the first alphabet (3) Called a "Trading Empire" (4) Known for skilled artisans (5) Centered around the Mediterranean

Assyrian Empire

(1) Known for military achievements (2) Ruled by emperor (3) Forced subjects to pay tribute (4) Located in Mesopotamia

___________________ shows the location of the Ancient Egyptian civilization. The river found in Letter A is the ___________________.

(1) Letter A (2) Nile River

The Han Dynasty was established by _______________, but its greatest emperor was ______________. To get a job in the Han government, a person had to study the ideas of ______________. The Han also helped to protect Chinese culture by protecting the method of creating ______________.

(1) Liu Bang (2) Wudi (3) Confucius (4) silk

Mansa Musa was the ruler of ______________. He was a devout Muslim, and he took a journey - called a hajj - to the city of ____________________. All Muslims are required to make the hajj ____________________. The hajj is one of the ____________ Pillars of Islam.

(1) Mali (2) Mecca (3) Once in their lifetime (4) Five

The Talmud

(1) Means "study" or "learning" (2) Includes interpretations of laws (3) Includes a set of laws

Spartan society was focused on creating a strong ____________________. Both Spartan boys and girls received____________________. ____________________, the goddess of the hunt, was one of the most important Spartan gods.

(1) Military (2) Education (3) Artemis

Egyptian civilization was centered along the _________________. Agriculture flourished, because the river ___________________ each June, leaving behind _____________, which had the nutrients needed for plants to grow bigger and stronger. Egypt's main crops were papyrus, used to make ________________, and barley, used to make ______________

(1) Nile River (2) flooded (3) rich alluvial soil (4) paper (5) beer

During the ____________ Era, humans left the continent of ___________ and spread across the globe. They were ______________, which means they moved from place to place in search of food. They survived by tracking game and collecting plants and berries, a practice called _____________.

(1) Paleolithic, (2) Africa, (3) Nomads, (4) Hunting and gathering

Put the following events in order of which they occured

(1) Pericles became the ruler of Athens (2) Pericles increased the strength of the empire (3) Sparta attacked, starting the Persian war (4) The decline of Greece's golden age began.

The Christian faith began in the _________________ Empire. It was founded by Jesus, who some believed to be the long-awaited _________________. Jesus's life is told in the first four books of the New Testament, which are called the _________________. According to Christian tradition, he was executed, then rose again from the dead, an event called the _________________. This event is celebrated on the Christian holiday of _________________

(1) Roman (2) Messiah (3) Gospels (4) Resurrection (5) Easter

William of Rubruck's account describes a number of goods that the Mongols acquired from distant parts of the Mongol Empire. Most of these were used in Mongol clothing. Rubruck describes the Mongols as having many different garments decorated with imported _________________ from China, such as the bocca headdress worn by women. The Mongols also got cotton fabrics from _________________. For winter clothing, the Mongols brought in furs from _________________.

(1) Silk (2) Persia (3) Russia

Under ____________________, the Ottomans saw great advancement in the arts, architecture, and law. He also expanded the empire into ____________________. The Ottoman Empire created a complex and efficient ____________________ system. Ottoman sultans also promoted religious ____________________. One effect of Ottoman expansion was that almost all goods traded between merchants from ____________________ passed through Ottoman hands.

(1) Suleyman (2) Eastern Europe (3) government (4) tolerance (5) Europe and Asia

The __________________ created the first civilization in Mesopotamia. They were the first in the region to use ______________________. They also practiced a polytheistic religion, which means they worshipped _______________________.

(1) Sumerians (2) the wheel (3) many gods

China entered an artistic golden age under the __________________ dynasty. During that time, artists were influenced by __________________ cultures. During the Song dynasty, the invention of __________________ increased the speed at which documents could be printed. Japanese art and culture of the 8th century were heavily influenced by the works of __________________ artists.

(1) Tang (2) Arab and Persian (3) Moveable type (4) Tang

Ancient Romans believed their city had been founded by ________________. The story of the city's origins was based on ________________. Rome's geographic advantages included its location on the ________________.

(1) The twins Romulus and Remus (2) A foundation myth (3) Tiber River

The ___________________ ruled the first empire after the death of Muhammad. They made their capital in the city of ___________________ and expanded Muslim power into Spain. In 750, they were replaced by the ___________________, who ruled from ___________________. This marked the beginning of Islam's ___________________.

(1) Umayyads (2) Damascus (3) Abbasids (4) Baghdad (5) Golden Age

In the Hindu religion, the Supreme God can take three forms.__________________ is the protector and preserver of the world.__________________ the creator, and __________________ the destroyer and purifier of the world. Hindus also believe that all actions produce a reaction; this is the notion of __________________. Hindus also believe in the concept of __________________, in which a soul can be reborn in some other being.

(1) Vishnu (2) Brahma (3) Shiva (4) karma (5) reincarnation

Chinese civilization evolved around the Huang He, which means __________ river. Chinese writing uses pictographs, a form of writing also found in ancient ____________. The most important belief in Chinese society was respect for _________________.

(1) Yellow River (2) Egypt (3) One's elders

This structure is called a(n) __________________. It was used primarily for _____________ purposes.

(1) Ziggurat (2) Religious

As humans began to farm, they were then able to produce ______________________. This allowed them to free members of their community to do other jobs, which is called __________________. In addition, people began to live in ___________________ settlements. Eventually, around 4000 BCE, this would lead to the development of _______________________

(1) a food surplus (2) specialization of labor (3) permanent (4) the first civilizations

Herodotus was a Greek historian, and completed his work, The Histories, in 440 BCE. Who is the author of this document? ___________________ When was it written? ___________________ We know that Herodotus ___________________ the events he wrote about, because he lived ___________________ they occurred.

(1) a historian (2) 440 BCE (3) did not witness (4) long after

Changes in climate and advancements in technology led to the development of _________________________ The Neolithic Revolution began about ______________________________ One advancement that caused the Neolithic Revolution was the appearance of pastoralism, or the raising of _________________________________

(1) agriculture (2) 10,000 years ago (3) the raising of livestock

To understand how democracy developed in ancient Greece, you must examine the polis, which was the Greek word for a __________________. The Greeks shared a language and culture, but each polis had a different government. In 509 BCE, Athens created a new set of rules that gave power to the people. The Greeks called this government a __________________. Members of the Council of 500 were chosen __________________.

(1) city-state (2) democracy (3) randomly

The Mongol Empire collapsed for a number of reasons. The Mongols were nomads whose customs were suited ______________________ a large empire. The Mongols in distant khanates were minorities, and many Mongol rulers in these places ______________________. Some places, such as ______________________, cooperated with their Mongol rulers, but others rebelled, and the empire eventually fell apart.

(1) conquering but not ruling (2) adopted local customs (3) Russia

This tablet shows an example of ________________. It was first used by the ______________.

(1) cuneiform (2) Sumerians

Between 1520 and 1683, the population of the Ottoman Empire ____________________ by about ______________________ people.

(1) increased (2) 18,000,000

Hunter-gatherers who lived in coastal areas were likely to move _____________ than those who lived in the interior of the continent. Hunter-gatherers generally lived in groups of about _____________ people. Hunter-gatherers typically owned _____________ possessions.

(1) less often (2) 20 (3) few

Use the drop-down menus to indicate which tasks William of Rubruck says were typically performed by Mongol men and which ones were handled by Mongol women. Making bows and arrows: _______________ Making clothing: _______________ Driving and unloading carts: _______________ Taking care of horses: _______________

(1) men (2) women (3) women (4) men

Knowing the author of a document helps to understand his or her _________________. Knowing when a document was written can give clues about its _________________. Knowing who the document was written for helps to determine its _________________.

(1) point of view (2) context (3) purpose

The Roman ____________________ was a form of government in which power was held by elected officials on behalf of the people. The governments of Rome and the United States both have a ____________________ legislature in which power is balanced between two houses. ____________________ were elected to lead Rome and command the army. This is a similar position in the United States as the ____________________.

(1) republic (2) bicameral (3) Consuls (4) president

King Menes ___________________ upper and lower Egypt, founded the capital city of Memphis, and established the first Egyptian ______________. Egyptian pharaohs, like Menes, were also believed to be gods; this form of government, in which political leaders are also religious figures, is called a _________________

(1) united (2) dynasty (3) theocracy

The invention of the ____________________ originated during the Islamic Golden Age. Muslim ideas in math, science, and technology were shared with other regions through ____________________. Muslim scholars were responsible for the creation of new problem-solving methods using ____________________.

(1) windmill (2) trade (3) algebra

According to the passage, what will happen if a ruler ignores the Mandate of Heaven? Check all that apply. He will bring dishonor to his ancestors. He will cause all to be happy and rejoice. He will ruin the empire. He will be virtuous.

(A) He will bring dishonor to his ancestors. (C) He will ruin the empire.

Why was the development of an alphabet an important advancement for the Phoenician civilization? Check all that apply.

(A) It allowed people across the empire to communicate in writing. (C) It was the first known alphabet-based writing system. (D) It was used as a foundation for the Greek writing system.

Which aspects of Egyptian culture were key in helping them attain these achievements? Select all that apply. Mathematics. Religion. Agriculture. Architecture. Recreation.

(A) Mathematics. (B) Religion. (D) Architecture.

Read this passage and highlight text that gives evidence as to why Persian couriers are able to complete their jobs so quickly. According to evidence in the passage, why are Persian couriers able to travel so quickly? Check all that apply.

(A) Men and horses are stationed along the road. (C) Couriers do not allow bad weather to slow them down.

According to the passage, which of these choices were achievements of the Egyptians? Select all that apply. They created a calendar based on the sun. They adopted Greek gods. They were the first to build pyramids. They were the first culture to build temples. They discovered many stars.

(A) They created a calendar based on the sun. (D) They were the first culture to build temples.

his excerpt comes from the Egyptian Book of the Dead, which gives instructions regarding how to reach the Egyptian afterlife. Upon arriving at the Hall of Justice, where one enters the afterlife, the dead soul had to swear to this statement: What key principles of Egyptian culture are contained in this statement? Select all that apply. Gaining of material wealth. Working very hard. Emphasizing the importance of family. Living a religious life. Respecting those above you.

(B) Working very hard (D) Living a religious life (E) Respecting those above you

What were the leading causes of the Peloponnesian War? Check all that apply. a. Delian League members had no say in government. b. Sparta was upset by Athens's growing power. c. Athens was forced to pay tribute to Delian League members. d. Persia attacked Athens and the Delian League.

(a) Delian League members had no say in government. (b) Sparta was upset by Athens's growing power.

What characteristics of democracy does Pericles present in this quote? Check all that apply. People are elected to public office based on merit, not privilege. The administration is in the hands of the many, not the few. The law guarantees fairness to everyone in personal disagreements. The government provides people with freedom of speech.

(a) People are elected to public office based on merit, not privilege. (c) The law guarantees fairness to everyone in personal disagreements.

Which statements are supported by the passage? Check all that apply. - Rome was dependent upon the provinces for food. - The provinces had the power to cause problems for Rome. - The provinces were dependent upon Rome for grain. - The gladiator games had no political purpose.

(a) Rome was dependent upon the provinces for food. (b) The provinces had the power to cause problems for Rome.

Which of these factors contributed to the development of Roman civilization? Select all that apply. -Rome's geography protected the city from invaders. -Rome's central location made it a center for trade throughout the Mediterranean. -Rome's lack of natural resources encouraged expansion. -Rome's distance from Greece protected its culture from Greek influence.

(a) Rome's geography protected the city from invaders. (b) Rome's central location made it a center for trade throughout the Mediterranean.

What Roman developments are used in society today? Check all that apply. - architecture - sewage systems - catapults - Roman aqueducts - Roman numerals - concrete

(a) architecture (b) sewage systems (e) Roman numerals (f) concrete

Which of these ideas were influences of Judeo-Christian principles on government? Check all that apply. - the ideas of equality and liberty - the idea of separation of powers - the idea of basic laws that govern human behavior - the idea of checks and balances - the idea of direct democracy

(a) the ideas of equality and liberty (c) the idea of basic laws that govern human behavior

Which of these factors led to the decline and eventual collapse of the Western Roman Empire? Select all that apply. - Constantine was a weak ruler. - Inflation was causing economic problems. - People were less interested in serving in government or in the military. - Too many Roman citizens wanted to join the army. - Outside invaders threatened the border areas.

(b) Inflation was causing economic problems. (c) People were less interested in serving in government or in the military. (d) Outside invaders threatened the border areas.

How has Roman culture influenced Western civilization? Check all that apply. - Most Americans worship Roman gods. - Modern artists and architects have incorporated Roman techniques. - American ideas about government were shaped by Roman beliefs. - The Roman language had English roots.

(b) Modern artists and architects have incorporated Roman techniques. (c) American ideas about government were shaped by Roman beliefs.

Which of these civilizations' territories were conquered by Alexander? Check all that apply. Han China the Persian Empire the Maurya Empire ancient Egypt ancient Greece

(b) the Persian Empire (d) ancient Egypt (e) ancient Greece

According to Pericles, what differentiates Athens from its neighbors? Check all that apply. Athenians are more ready for war. Athenians have braver ancestors. Athens has a government where power is shared by many. Athens serves as an example to other cities.

(c) Athens has a government where power is shared by many. (d) Athens serves as an example to other cities.

According to scientists, when did humans began to migrate out of Africa?

100,000

When do most scientists believe that humans first arrived in North America?

15,000

There is evidence that Sumerian traders traveled to the Indus River in India to trade with civilizations there. What is the approximate distance that these traders traveled?

2,000 miles

How did the development of efficient agricultural practices, including understanding the Nile River's flooding patterns, change Egyptian work life? a. Efficient agricultural practices enabled everyone to become a farmer. b. Efficient agricultural practices made the workforce available for other endeavors. c. Efficient agricultural practices eliminated dependence on slavery. d. Efficient agricultural practices contributed to technological developments in other fields.

b. Efficient agricultural practices made the workforce available for other endeavors.

Pharaoh

All-powerful ruler of ancient Egypt

Lot

An object used to make a random selection

What was one of Genghis Khan's achievements? a. Genghis Khan captured the city of Baghdad. b. Genghis Khan united the tribes of Mongolia. c. Genghis Khan founded the Yuan Dynasty. d. Genghis Khan conquered China.

b. Genghis Khan united the tribes of Mongolia.

Where did democracy begin? a. the Fertile Crescent b. Greek city-states c. the United States d. the Assyrian Empire

b. Greek city-states

The Phoenician alphabet was later adapted for use by the a. Romans. b. Greeks. c. Sumerians. d. Egyptians.

b. Greeks.

Which was an achievement of Suleiman I? a. He turned the Hagia Sofia into a mosque. b. He led the Ottoman Empire into Eastern Europe. c. He led the Ottoman Empire into India. d. He turned the Hagia Sofia into the Taj Mahal.

b. He led the Ottoman Empire into Eastern Europe.

Which explains why sultan Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire was called "Suleiman the Magnificent?" a. He created Istanbul during the early part of the Empire's history. b. He oversaw advances during a peak in the Empire's history. c. He built the Taj Mahal during a peak in the Empire's history. d. He conquered India during the early part of the Empire's history.

b. He oversaw advances during a peak in the Empire's history.

Which did emperor Aurangzeb do as ruler of the Mughal Empire? a. He promoted religious tolerance. b. He raised taxes on non-Muslims. c. He promoted multiculturalism. d. He rebuilt the Taj Mahal.

b. He raised taxes on non-Muslims.

Which of the following is true of Askia the Great? a. He wanted to do away with Islamic rule. b. He was a proponent of learning and culture. c. He wanted to do away with slavery. d. He was peaceful and disliked conflict.

b. He was a proponent of learning and culture.

How did Mongolian rule in Russia differ from Mongolian rule in China? a. In China, the Mongols allowed princes to rule for them. In Russia, the Mongols took over the government. b. In China, the Mongols took over the government. In Russia, the Mongols allowed princes to rule for them. c. In China, the Mongols declared Christianity as the state religion. In Russia, the Mongols declared Buddhism as the state religion. d. In China, the Mongols declared Buddhism as the state religion. In Russia, the Mongols declared Christianity as the state religion.

b. In China, the Mongols took over the government. In Russia, the Mongols allowed princes to rule for them.

Which ancient principles can be found in American government today? In a paragraph, provide at least three examples of government structures and principles that are based on ancient ideas.

Ancient principles still found in American government today can be seen in those of the representative democracy as first used by ancient Rome, as well as ideas of natural rights and separation of powers or checks and balances from John Locke and Montesquieu.

Mesopotamia

Area surrounding the Tigris and Euphrates River Valleys

Which of these events occurred during the Ghana Empire? a. Timbuktu was developed into a center of learning. b. Islam was introduced into the West African region. c. Moroccan invaders conquered the empire. d. A large amount of technology was developed.

b. Islam was introduced into the West African region.

Why was the Swahili Coast a center of trade? a. It was close to the Bantu homeland. b. It connected African cultures with traders from other regions. c. It connected African cultures with hunter-gatherer societies. d. It was located on the Red Sea.

b. It connected African cultures with traders from other regions.

Which statement about modern Israel is most accurate? a. It is made up only of Jewish people. b. It is the homeland for Jewish people. c. It has been a Jewish holy site for fifty years. d. It features modern beliefs and rejects the past.

b. It is the homeland for Jewish people.

How did the Ottoman Empire respond to non-Muslims? a. It forced them to become Muslim. b. It offered them freedom of religion. c. It forced them to go to India. d. It offered them freedom of speech.

b. It offered them freedom of religion.

How did the Assyrian Empire develop? a. It conquered its neighbors. b. It traded resources for land. c. It expanded into harsh living environments. d. It set up complex systems of government.

b. It traded resources for land.

How did the geography of the Arabian Peninsula affect its religious and cultural diversity? a. Its geography divided clans, encouraging them to develop their own ideas. b. Its location made it a center of trade, which led to the exchange of ideas. c. Its geography cut it off from neighboring peoples and their ideas. d. Its location encouraged the native peoples to share ideas among themselves.

b. Its location made it a center of trade, which led to the exchange of ideas.

Who defeated the last Song emperor of China? a. Genghis Khan b. Kublai Khan c. Tang Taizong d. Emperor Taizu

b. Kublai Khan

Which statement is an example of an effective claim for an argumentative essay? a. More and more students have begun to study Chinese because that nation is a global leader. b. Learning a second language can benefit many Americans and help them compete in the global marketplace. c. The United States trades with a number of Asian nations, including China, Japan, and South Korea. d. I participated in a study abroad program as a student and it helped me learn a lot about other cultures.

b. Learning a second language can benefit many Americans and help them compete in the global marketplace.

During the Golden Age of Athens, male citizens a. had no control over how they were governed. b. could hold an office if they were chosen by lot. c. were elected to office as representative officials. d. took part in government only if they were wealthy.

b. could hold an office if they were chosen by lot.

When King Menes united the kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt by establishing a succession of rulers from the same family, he founded the first Egyptian a. religion. b. dynasty. c. democracy. d. city.

b. dynasty.

Mathematics and science played a role in the design of the Egyptian architecture. Which particular branch of mathematics guided the design? a. statistics b. geometry c. calculus d. algebra

b. geometry

It is clear from this law that the punishment for someone not telling the truth in court was a. mild. b. harsh. c. unclear. d. trivial.

b. harsh.

Limiting contact with foreigners was the main goal of Chinese a. corruption. b. isolationism. c. kowtowing. d. missionaries.

b. isolationism.

What did noble families fight over during the Warring States period? a. trade and barter b. land and resources c. language and culture d. philosophy and religion

b. land and resources

Using information you have learned and evidence from the lesson, write two or three sentences to respond to this question: How did climate and the environment affect the practice of hunting and gathering and human culture during the Paleolithic Period?

Back then, the source of food was heavily influenced by the climate and environment.After a period of time, a group of hunters and gatherers will be forced to move an area because they have no source of food left

How are the themes of the speeches given by Pericles and Lincoln alike? What characteristics do they share?

Both Lincoln and Pericles deliver their speeches to a large audience. Both have the same themes in their speeches, unity. When they deliver the speech, they make sure that the message is passed through millions of people listening, inspiring these people creates more impact than just moving one. They are both inspirational leaders who are praised by most.

The Western Church and the Eastern Church differed in what area? a. beliefs b. leadership c. clergy d. artwork

b. leadership

The Twelve Tables of the Roman Republic were a written a. declaration of war. b. legal code. c. description of social classes. d. plan for government.

b. legal code.

In what form did the Sanskrit language originate? a. graphic b. oral c. simple d. written

b. oral

Fertile

Capable of producing plant life

An artisan builds a cart for a farmer. Later, the farmer finds out that the cart is defective. The farmer wants to use Hammurabi's Code to bring a complaint against the artisan. Which of the codes at left might the farmer use to support his claim that the artisan is in the wrong?

Code 235

Both girls and boys in Sparta a. had military training. b. received an education. c. prepared to serve in government. d. played sports but did not fight.

b. received an education.

Which was a priority for Justinian I? a. conquering new lands b. reconquering lost lands c. demanding tax payments d. opposing Christianity

b. reconquering lost lands

In general, the Mughal Empire supported a. women's rights. b. religious tolerance. c. artistic advancements. d. Christian beliefs.

b. religious tolerance.

The Roman philosophy of stoicism promoted a. mercy. b. self-control. c. pity. d. anger.

b. self-control.

A benefit of a bicameral legislature is that it a. gives equal power to the men and women who hold key government positions. b. separates powers, keeping one body from gaining too much power. c. enables every citizen a chance to vote and make important decisions. d. gives all authority to a chief executive.

b. separates powers, keeping one body from gaining too much power.

The Fertile Crescent is named after its a. size. b. shape. c. mountains. d. inhabitants.

b. shape.

On which crop did the early Bantu greatly rely? a. wheat b. sorghum c. soybeans d. maize

b. sorghum

The three major West African empires increased their wealth by a. trading gold and precious jewels. b. taxing all trade in their region. c. restricting trade to only high-level merchants. d. pooling their trade earnings into one central account.

b. taxing all trade in their region.

The Tang Dynasty ruled China beginning in a. the 500s CE. b. the 600s CE. c. the 700s CE. d. the 800s CE.

b. the 600s CE.

Which text has provided the greatest insight into Egyptian burial practices? a. the Bible b. the Book of the Dead c. the Rosetta Stone d. the Nicene Creed

b. the Book of the Dead

The Hellenistic Age began in Greece with a. the birth of Alexander the Great. b. the death of Alexander the Great. c. the start of the Peloponnesian War. d. the end of the Peloponnesian War.

b. the death of Alexander the Great.

Spartan life mainly focused on a. education. b. the military. c. culture. d. citizenship.

b. the military.

Ramses II presided over an era of prosperity in the New Kingdom. Which most significantly reflected his prosperity? a. the amount of money earned in trade b. the number of temples he built c. the number of battles he won d. the amount of land he conquered

b. the number of temples he built

After the Mycenaeans defeated the Minoans, a. they captured the Minoans and enslaved them. b. they adopted elements of the Minoan culture. c. the Minoans built all the ships in Peloponnese. d. the Mycenaeans destroyed the island of Crete.

b. they adopted elements of the Minoan culture.

The best explanation for how humans populated the Earth is a. they migrated from Asia to other continents over the last two million years. b. they migrated mostly over land from Africa over the last eighty thousand years. c. they developed varied human species in different places over millions of years. d. they traveled by boat from Africa to other continents over the last forty thousand years.

b. they migrated mostly over land from Africa over the last eighty thousand years.

How did Muslim cities promote the sharing and diffusion of scientific knowledge across various cultures? a. through the construction of mosques b. through the construction of libraries c. through the practice of calligraphy d. through the practice of algebra

b. through the construction of libraries

What is Alexander's purpose in this speech? a. to explain how he wants his army to fight b. to encourage his army to have confidence c. to frighten his army into performing well d. to complain about his army's lack of effort

b. to encourage his army to have confidence

According to Christian beliefs, Jesus was sent to Earth to a. to promote peace and love b. to save mankind from sin c. to inspire belief in God d. to unify people of the world

b. to save mankind from sin

Which concept best summarizes the beliefs of Ashoka? a. persecution b. tolerance c. power d. self-control

b. tolerance

What was Wang Kon's greatest achievement? a. conquering Korea for China b. unifying Korea under the Koryu dynasty c. creating a system of moveable type d. promoting the ideals of Shintoism

b. unifying Korea under the Koryu dynasty

What issue initially created a source of contention and division for Muslims into Sunni and Shi'a? a. which city should serve as their capital b. who should have the right to leadership c. how to maintain religious tolerance d why Islam must be a monotheistic religion

b. who should have the right to leadership

As Umayyad rule gave way to Abbasid rule, who tended to lose the most rights? a. soldiers b. women c. students d. Christians

b. women

What is a similarity between Japanese and Chinese religious beliefs? a. denial of wealth b. worship of ancestors c. creation of idols d. dependence on nature

b. worship of ancestors

Hammurabi's Code is important because it was the first code of laws to be a. obeyed. b. written. c. published in books. d. used in every ancient civilization.

b. written

How did the Assyrians expand their kingdom in the 800s BCE?

by using technology and military strategy to conquer other people

Which answer best describes the most widely held theory about how humans came to populate Earth?

They migrated over land from Africa over the last 80,000 years.

Domesticate

To train and breed animals to need the care of humans to survive; to tame

Socrates

Used a series of questions to get at the truth

Aristotle

Used logic to make arguments

The _______________ contains many great monuments constructed by the pharaohs of the New Kingdom.

Valley of the Kings

Herodotus

Wrote about Greek history

How did trade impact the development of the West African kingdoms? Check all that apply. a) West Africa had rich resources of gold and salt. b) West African rulers taxed all trade caravans crossing their territories. c)The Islamic faith was introduced to the region by Arab traders. d)Europeans had little interest in West African trade goods, hurting African economies. e) Arab traders refused to travel to West Africa, preferring to stay north of the Sahara.

a) West Africa had rich resources of gold and salt. b) West African rulers taxed all trade caravans crossing their territories. c)The Islamic faith was introduced to the region by Arab traders.

What were the reasons for the fall of the Byzantine Empire? Select all that apply. a) a wide spread disease that killed many people b) the split of the Christian Church c) a divergence in the Byzantine government d) invasions from Arab Muslims e) the Justinian Code

a) a wide spread disease that killed many people b) the split of the Christian Church d) invasions from Arab Muslims

For which of these skills were early Bantu noted? Check all that apply. a) farming b) fishing c) hunting d) ironworking e) seafaring

a) farming c) hunting d) ironworking

Which two trade goods were the most important to the African trading empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai? Check all that apply. a) salt b) textiles c) weapons d) gold

a) salt d) gold

According to this passage, which of these roles must a samurai fulfill? Select all that apply. a) warrior b) teacher c) commoner d) role model e) farmer

a) warrior b) teacher d) role model

The reign of the Gupta Empire was known as India's a. "Golden Age." b. "Reign of Culture." c. "Era of Security." d. "Trade Age."

a. "Golden Age."

Which scenario best illustrates the concept of feudalism? a. "If you clean my house for a year, I will give you your own place." b. "I will buy you a car if you pay my rent for a year." c. "Buy me this car or I'll have you thrown in jail." d. "Come work for me for six months and I'll forgive your debts."

a. "If you clean my house for a year, I will give you your own place."

What was the approximate population of the Ottoman Empire when the Mughal Empire in India was founded in 1520? a. 11 million b. 15 million c. 30 million d. 35 million

a. 11 million

Which is the best dated evidence that humans have been on Earth for over four million years? a. A fossil nicknamed Lucy was found in East Africa. b. A specimen nicknamed Ardi was found in East Africa. c. Artifacts from the Stone Age were discovered in East Africa. d. Evidence from the last Ice Age was found in East Africa.

a. A fossil nicknamed Lucy was found in East Africa.

Which dynasty was in power during Islam's Golden Age? a. Abbasid b. Umayyad c. Persian d. Byzantine

a. Abbasid

Which statement about Confucianism is accurate? a. According to Confucianism, all people are essentially good. b. According to Confucianism, education is unnecessary for success. c. According to Confucianism, a specific god should be routinely worshipped. d. According to Confucianism, good relationships don't need guidance.

a. According to Confucianism, all people are essentially good.

What does this quote suggest about Genghis Khan? a. He was brutal. b. He had strong negotiation skills. c. He had a great fortune. d. He cared for the people he conquered.

a. He was brutal.

In what way are ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs like letters in the English alphabet? a. Hieroglyphs represent sounds. b. Hieroglyphs are used in other languages. c. Hieroglyphs convey meaning through pictures. d. Hieroglyphs have vowels and consonants.

a. Hieroglyphs represent sounds.

Which resulted from the trade network developed during the Gupta Empire? a. India developed a banking system. b. Cultural advancements declined due to the focus on trade. c. India faced fewer threats from its enemies. d. The caste system spread through Asia along trade routes.

a. India developed a banking system.

Which best describes the Spartan government? a. It had elements of democracy, oligarchy, and monarchy. b. It had elements of oligarchy and monarchy. c. It was both a democracy and a monarchy. d. It was a direct democracy that allowed debate.

a. It had elements of democracy, oligarchy, and monarchy.

What effect did the Han Dynasty's conquering of Korea have on the religion in the region? a. It introduced Confucianism and Buddhism. b. It introduced Confucianism and Shintôism. c. It introduced Buddhism and Shintôism. d. It introduced Shintôism and Christianity.

a. It introduced Confucianism and Buddhism.

How did the Justinian Code make the Byzantine Empire more powerful? a. It reorganized the government. b. It reorganized the economy. c. It reorganized the Church. d. It reorganized the military.

a. It reorganized the government.

Which statement best describes the Phoenician Empire? a. It was heavily involved in sea trading. b. Its economy was centered on agriculture. c. It did away with city-states. d. It was a desert empire based in North Africa.

a. It was heavily involved in sea trading.

What made Judaism different from the religions that came before it? a. It was monotheistic. b. It introduced prayer. c. It required sacrifices. d. It had special holidays.

a. It was monotheistic.

What finally caused the Ming dynasty to collapse? a. Manchu tribesmen and government protesters rebelled against the dynasty. b. The dynasty won a war against the Ming government and executed the Ming leaders. c. Isolationism led to a lack of new ideas to keep the government current. d. Famine caused a plague that killed many soldiers and many of the emperor's supporters.

a. Manchu tribesmen and government protesters rebelled against the dynasty.

Who was considered Judaism's greatest prophet? a. Moses b. Abraham c. Isaac d. Jacob

a. Moses

Which group most threatened the Byzantine Empire in 1050? a. Ottoman Turks b. Muslim Arabs c. Latin Christians d. Orthodox Christians

a. Ottoman Turks

What is the main idea of the underlined phrase? a. People who live in Athens are fighting to protect their privileged way of life. b. Those who live in Athens can win more privileges by fighting. c. Dwelling in Athens does not bring greatness. d. Enjoying Athens's privileges can lead to conflict.

a. People who live in Athens are fighting to protect their privileged way of life.

Why was Persia ultimately unsuccessful in conquering Greece at the Battle of Marathon? a. Persia had fewer soldiers than Greece to fight its battles. b. Persia was overpowered on land and by Athens' naval force at sea. c. Persia's distance from Greece worked to its disadvantage. d. Persia's leadership did not match the well-trained Greeks' leadership.

a. Persia had fewer soldiers than Greece to fight its battles.

Which statement best describes the role of Roman women? a. Roman women had many more rights than other women of the time. b. Roman women had the same rights as women in other societies. c. Roman women had fewer rights than women in other societies. d. Roman women had even more rights than women do today.

a. Roman women had many more rights than other women of the time.

Islamic law is also known as a. Sharia law. b. Hajj law. c. Mecca law. d. Muslim law.

a. Sharia law.

What is believed to be the correct order of migration after humans left Africa? a. South Asia, Europe, the Americas b. the Americas, South Asia, Europe c. Europe, South Asia, the Americas d. South Asia, the Americas, Europe

a. South Asia, Europe, the Americas

Why does India receive flooding rains? a. Summer monsoons blow in from the ocean, carrying moisture. b. Autumn winds blow down from the mountains, bringing rain. c. Spring thunderstorms bring rain along India's coast. d. Winter hurricanes carry moisture down from Asia.

a. Summer monsoons blow in from the ocean, carrying moisture.

Which best states why the Mughal Empire was considered a good example of multiculturalism? a. The Empire brought together several cultures and gained loyalty by giving people many freedoms. b. The Empire conquered several cultures and created a complex government structure to control them. c. The Empire conquered several cultures and created new religions to help them adjust to Islam. d. The Empire brought together several cultures and gained loyalty by repelling European colonization.

a. The Empire brought together several cultures and gained loyalty by giving people many freedoms.

What happened after the Mongols invaded Persia in the 1200s? a. The Mongols captured Baghdad and destroyed it. b. The Mongols adopted a number of Persian customs. c. The Mongols made peasants work for the government in Persia. d. The Mongols began Islam's "Golden Age."

a. The Mongols captured Baghdad and destroyed it.

How did the Mongols respond to the different religions that were practiced in Persia? a. The Mongols were tolerant of the different religions. b. The Mongols were intolerant of the different religions. c. The Mongols named Buddhism as the official religion of Persia. d. The Mongols named Christianity as the official religion of Persia.

a. The Mongols were tolerant of the different religions.

Which of these statements is an accurate reflection of a Shi'a belief? a. The Shi'a believed the Umayyad had no right to rule the Muslim community. b. The Shi'a believed they were experts at interpreting the words of the Qur'an. c. The Shi'a believed any Muslim was capable of leading daily prayer. d. The Shi'a believed leaders should be chosen only by the Muslim community.

a. The Shi'a believed the Umayyad had no right to rule the Muslim community.

What was an accomplishment by the Song Dynasty of China? a. The Song rulers expanded the use of coinage and paper currency. b. The Song rulers defeated Kublai Khan after a long war. c. The Song rulers expanded into the Mongol Empire. d. The Song rulers first evaluated officials using civil service tests.

a. The Song rulers expanded the use of coinage and paper currency.

What was an accomplishment by the Tang Dynasty of China? a. The Tang Dynasty manufactured the first paper currency in history. b. The Tang Dynasty defeated Kublai Khan after a long war. c. The Tang Dynasty expanded into the Mongol Empire. d. The Tang Dynasty created a golden era of Asian artistic expression.

a. The Tang Dynasty manufactured the first paper currency in history.

What is the difference between the Torah and the Talmud? a. The Torah describes the basic laws of Judaism; the Talmud is a collection of opinions on legal issues. b. The Torah has been handed down for generations; the Talmud is a series of books. c. The Torah means "study"; the Talmud means "the Five Books of Moses." d. The Torah focuses on interpreting ideas and recommendations; the Talmud focuses on directions for daily living.

a. The Torah describes the basic laws of Judaism; the Talmud is a collection of opinions on legal issues.

Which best explains why Constantinople did not fall until 1453? a. The city was well protected and repelled attacks by invaders. b. The city created alliances with Europeans to stop most attacks. c. The city was far from Byzantine territories and only attacked once. d. The city created alliances with invaders to stop most attacks.

a. The city was well protected and repelled attacks by invaders.

How did Egypt's natural borders protect the country from invaders? a. The desert was difficult for invaders to cross. b. The Nile Delta made it difficult for invaders to attack from the coast. c. The desert made it difficult for Egyptians to build, making their cities hard to find. d. The Nile River's flooding pattern confounded invaders.

a. The desert was difficult for invaders to cross.

How did the Huang He River contribute to the growth of the Chinese civilization? a. The fertile soil led to food surpluses, which supported a larger group of people. b. The routine flooding resulted in dependable irrigation for multiple crops. c. The loess at the bottom of the river was valuable, creating solid trade. d. The river covered such a small area that it brought people into a limited region.

a. The fertile soil led to food surpluses, which supported a larger group of people.

What idea are both men expressing in these passages? a. The men who died in battle were brave and honorable. b. The world should not remember how the soldiers died. c. The soldiers died for no good purpose. d. Their deaths on the battlefield show the only honorable way to die.

a. The men who died in battle were brave and honorable.

What role did the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers play in the development of civilization? a. They enriched the soil and helped farmers grow food surpluses. b. They enabled the people of Mesopotamia to become sea traders. c. They provided enough water for farmers not to have to irrigate their crops. d. They isolated the people of Mesopotamia from other regions.

a. They enriched the soil and helped farmers grow food surpluses.

What was the most important factor that allowed the Minoans to become a great seagoing power? a. They had many natural harbors. b. They had shipbuilding expertise. c. They had the resources to build many ships. d. They had many allies in the region for support.

a. They had many natural harbors.

Why did city-states in the Delian League revolt against Athens? a. They resented not having a say in the government. b. They wanted to establish a representative democracy. c. They feared that Athens could not protect them from Persia. d. They worried that Athens would not stop an attack by Sparta.

a. They resented not having a say in the government.

What was the relationship between the Shona people and the groups along the Swahili Coast? a. They traded with each other. b. They were part of kinship networks. c. They fought over land and resources. d. They created a unified culture.

a. They traded with each other.

Which statement best describes the population of ancient Rome? a. With a population of about a million, ancient Rome was a large city. b. Compared to cities today, Rome was more like a town or village in size. c. Ancient Rome was smaller than any city today. d. Ancient Rome was bigger than any of today's cities.

a. With a population of about a million, ancient Rome was a large city.

What is the main idea of the edict? a. Women, the elderly, and prisoners should be given special treatment. b. Ashoka's officers have the power to make decisions on their own. c. Ashoka's officers are watching what people are doing all the time. d. Ashoka's officers would treat all citizens with respect regardless of status.

a. Women, the elderly, and prisoners should be given special treatment.

During which Chinese dynasty was Confucius born? a. Zhou b. Shang c. Han d. Qin

a. Zhou

What type of bureaucracy did the caliphate create? a. a bureaucracy where only Muslims held all positions of power b. a bureaucracy where only non-Muslims were recruited for the army c. a bureaucracy where non-Muslims held all positions of power d. a bureaucracy where Muslims equally shared the spoils of war

a. a bureaucracy where only Muslims held all positions of power

To keep order among the Chinese people, Hongwu created a. a comprehensive code of laws. b. a fair judicial system. c. a strong police force. d. a totalitarian form of government.

a. a comprehensive code of laws.

The Assyrian Empire was ruled by a. a powerful monarch. b. the governors of city-states. c. Medes and Chaldeans. d. government bureaucrats.

a. a powerful monarch.

To protect its frontiers, the Roman Empire depended on mercenaries. What is a mercenary? a. a soldier who fights only for pay b. a treaty with a neighboring territory c. a military division that patrols borders d. a neighboring tribe

a. a soldier who fights only for pay

Solomon was best known as a. a wise king. b. a tolerant leader. c. a wealthy prophet. d. a frugal man.

a. a wise king.

The teachings of Jesus could be best described as a focus on acceptance and love for a. all, especially the poor and weak b. true believers above all others. c. those who became Christian. d. Roman officials, to win their approval.

a. all, especially the poor and weak

India's "Golden Age" began as a direct result of a. an increase in trade. b. a takeover of other Asian countries. c. a decrease in government dependence. d. the fall of the Mauryan empire.

a. an increase in trade.

Why might the Koryu dynasty have promoted a civil service system based on Confucian principles? a. because Confucius valued virtue for both rulers and citizens b. because Confucius wanted rulers to serve the people c. because Confucius believed that service was essential to a wealthy government d. because Confucius stressed the importance of service as a part of education

a. because Confucius valued virtue for both rulers and citizens

Leaders of the Eastern and Western churches both a. believed they had complete power. b. had power over European kings. c. believed a schism was unnecessary. d. allowed priests to get married.

a. believed they had complete power.

The most important reason for Assyria's military successes was its a. brave soldiers. b. location on the Tigris River. c. use of new technologies. d. kind treatment of the people it conquered.

a. brave soldiers.

What records the written word of the Qu'ran and is considered the highest form of artistic expression in Islamic culture? a. calligraphy b. mosque c. arabesque d. mosaic

a. calligraphy

Citizens participated in the government of Athens by a. debating issues and making decisions in the assembly. b. selecting politicians who represented their interests. c. following the laws created by rulers and other leaders. d. voting for laws established by appointed officials.

a. debating issues and making decisions in the assembly.

During Rosh Hashanah, a Jewish person would most likely a. eat special delicacies. b. go to work. c. engage in a fast. d. read the Exodus story.

a. eat special delicacies.

Athens led a group of city-states following the a. end of the Persian Wars. b. end of the Delian League. c. fall of Peloponnesus. d. fall of Sparta.

a. end of the Persian Wars.

Akbar most helped non-Muslims by a. ending taxes they had to pay. b. creating a code of law. c. creating his own religion. d. paying fair wages for work.

a. ending taxes they had to pay.

As a result of the Neolithic Revolution, by 3,000 BCE the world's human population grew to a. five hundred thousand. b. one million. c. twenty-five million. d. seventy-five million.

a. five hundred thousand.

Chandraguptra Mayura succeeded in uniting the Indian subcontinent through a. force. b. religion. c. modernization. d. exploitation.

a. force.

The leader of the Athenian Empire worked to a. give citizens direct input into the government. b. create a dictatorship within the city-state. c. withdraw from the surrounding territories. d. bring together the city's elected officials.

a. give citizens direct input into the government.

One way Diocletian brought short-term order to Rome involved a. giving half of the empire to Germanic tribes. b. executing enemies who spoke against the empire. c. dividing the empire into eastern and western regions. d. implementing a new monetary system in the empire.

a. giving half of the empire to Germanic tribes.

The Byzantine legal system is best described as a combination of a. government laws and local customs. b. religious laws and local customs. c. government laws and Roman customs. d. religious laws and Greek customs.

a. government laws and local customs.

Ottoman sultan Suleiman I and Mughal emperor Akbar both a. granted religious freedom to non-Muslims. b. forced non-Muslims to convert to Islam. c. relied on Ghazi to conquer other territories. d. offered government positions to Janissaries.

a. granted religious freedom to non-Muslims.

The Roman emperor Diocletian was an absolute ruler. This means that he a. had unlimited power and authority. b. refused to consult advisors. c. was a figurehead with limited power. d. ruled through military force.

a. had unlimited power and authority.

Which word best describes Hammurabi's Code? a. harsh b. unfair c. unequal d. permissive

a. harsh

The Middle Kingdom was brought to a close with the invasion of the Hyksos, a mixed Semitic-Asiatic group. Which aspect of their military capabilities enabled the Hyksos to conquer Egypt? a. improved weapons, including horse-drawn chariots b. a larger military force c. advanced fortification techniques d. strategic alliances

a. improved weapons, including horse-drawn chariots

With the creation of the cuneiform system, scribes were able to a. keep records of government. b. travel to distant lands. c. irrigate dry farmlands. d. halt the yearly river floods.

a. keep records of government.

The Romans were polytheistic, meaning that they worshipped a. many gods. b. the Greeks. c. the concept of wealth. d. one god.

a. many gods.

The Iliad and The Odyssey are Greek a. myths. b. epics. c. fables. d. legends.

a. myths.

Which items were commonly imported by China during the Ming Dynasty? a. pepper b. tea c. spices d. gold e. silver f. silk

a. pepper c. spices d. gold e. silver

The father in an ancient Roman family was legally allowed to a. sell his children into slavery. b. sell his wife to another husband. c. claim his wife's public office as his own. d. claim a second wife if his current wife could not have children.

a. sell his children into slavery.

Which is the proper hierarchy of Japanese feudalism from most to least powerful? a. shogun, daimyo, samurai, merchant b. merchant, samurai, daimyo, shogun c. samurai, daimyo, shogun, merchant d. shogun, samurai, merchant, daimyo

a. shogun, daimyo, samurai, merchant

What trait was most important to Genghis Khan when promoting generals? a. skill in battle b. being a member of his family c. having great wealth d. mercy towards civilians

a. skill in battle

According to the shaded areas on the map, the Assyrian Empire was located a. south of the Red Sea. b. north of the Black Sea. c. in the Middle East. d. in Europe.

a. south of the Red Sea.

The most widely accepted theory among scientists is that the last place humans migrated to was a. the Americas. b. Europe. c. South Asia. d. Australia.

a. the Americas.

Which era began in Europe after the collapse of the Roman Empire? a. the Middle Ages b. the Enlightenment c. the Golden Age d. the Renaissance

a. the Middle Ages

When the Aryans migrated to India, what influential concept did they bring to the country? a. the caste system b. the decimal system c. modern farming techniques d. religious tolerance

a. the caste system

What brought an end to the Qin Dynasty? a. the death of Emperor Qin Shihuangdi b. the construction of the Great Wall c. the decrease in trade and agricultural production d. the creation of roads and irrigation systems

a. the death of Emperor Qin Shihuangdi

The building in this illustration was a. the first research library. b. a school led by Aristotle. c. the palace of Alexander III. d. a famous lighthouse.

a. the first research library.

Sumerians were the first people of Mesopotamia to use a. the plow. b. irrigation. c. a spoken language. d. a number system based on 100.

a. the plow.

Early Christians were persecuted for their beliefs. Which belief in particular made others suspicious of Christians? a. their refusal to worship Roman gods b. their belief in the afterlife c. their belief that Jesus was the son of God d. their acceptance of Judaism

a. their refusal to worship Roman gods

What was the purpose of these statements? a. to determine whether a person has behaved well enough to enter the afterlife b. to judge a pharaoh on his suitability to remain immortal c. to determine which god a person was most suited to serve d. to give rules that Egyptians must swear to live by

a. to determine whether a person has behaved well enough to enter the afterlife

Geography helped ensure that the people of the Phoenician Empire would be a. traders. b. conquerors. c. scribes. d. farmers.

a. traders.

According to its foundation myth, Rome was founded by a. twin brothers. b. a wolf. c. Greek explorers. d. Egyptian gods.

a. twin brothers.

A direct democracy is one in which all citizens a. vote on important decisions. b. elect representatives to make decisions for them. c. choose a strong leader to make all the laws. d. vote in a Council of 500.

a. vote on important decisions.

The Mauryan emperor Ashoka began his reign as a a. warrior, but he later embraced peace. b. peaceful leader, but then he turned to war. c. warrior and remained one throughout his reign. d. peaceful leader and remained one throughout his reign.

a. warrior, but he later embraced peace.

Rome faced constant attack after the Pax Romana because its army a. was becoming less loyal to the emperor. b. was becoming more loyal to the emperor. c. had trouble paying mercenaries to fight. d. had trouble finding mercenaries to fight.

a. was becoming less loyal to the emperor.

What were some of the first crops to be domesticated during the Agricultural Revolution? a. wheat and barley b. potatoes and tomatoes c. soybeans and corn d. dates and figs

a. wheat and barley

A reason that Christian churches in Rome and Constantinople began to diverge was they could not agree on a. whether to hold services in Latin or Greek. b. whether to preserve the writings of Greek scholars. c. what to do to stop the spread of persistent plague. d. how best to offer religious education services.

a. whether to hold services in Latin or Greek.

What is one way government changed in Athens during the Golden Age? a. All citizens were declared equal, and men and women took part in government equally as a result. b. All citizens were declared equal, but women could take part in government only on a limited basis. c. The number of paid officials decreased, which allowed only wealthy citizens to hold government offices. d. The number of paid officials increased, which was beneficial to the lower class citizens who served in office.

d. The number of paid officials increased, which was beneficial to the lower class citizens who served in office.

According to Lincoln, why was the sacrifice made by the soldiers at Gettysburg worth the price they paid? a. Their deaths resulted in the births of many more Americans. b. Their deaths created a new type of government. c. They died and their sacrifice was worth very little. d. They died to protect American democracy.

d. They died to protect American democracy.

Which describes why other people's most likely moved into Bantu territory? a. They wanted to develop ironworking capabilities. b. They needed land for their growing population. c. They wanted to expand their influence. d. They sought a more hospitable climate.

d. They sought a more hospitable climate.

Which statement best explains the map? a. This map shows the total area conquered and controlled by Alexander III. b. This map shows the total area conquered and controlled by Philip II. c. This map shows borders in Greece prior to the Peloponnesian War. d. This map shows borders in Greece prior to the Persian Wars.

d. This map shows borders in Greece prior to the Persian Wars.

Alexander the Great invaded Anatolia, which today is known as a. Greece. b. Libya. c. Iraq. d. Turkey.

d. Turkey.

What is the biggest difference in citizen participation in government between ancient Athens and the modern United States? a. US citizens are all members of the General Assembly. b. US citizens vote directly on all laws or important decisions. c. US citizens are randomly selected to join the Council of 500. d. US citizens elect officials to represent them in government.

d. US citizens elect officials to represent them in government.

After conquering China, the Mongols created the a. Han Dynasty. b. Ming Dynasty. c. Song Dynasty. d. Yuan Dynasty.

d. Yuan Dynasty.

When the Nile River flooded every June, what was left behind when the water receded that allowed the civilization to flourish? a. an abundance of sea life b. stable land suitable for building c. vast mineral deposits d. a rich layer of soil

d. a rich layer of soil

Which classes of Egyptians participated in death rituals? a. upper classes and royals b. priestly classes c. all but the lowest classes d. all classes

d. all classes

Aristotle believed that the citizens of a successful state must a. share the same beliefs. b. follow the leadership of a dictator. c. hold annual elections. d. allow for a diversity of opinions.

d. allow for a diversity of opinions.

What is the Ka'aba? a. an Islamic deity b. a Muslim pilgrim c. a book of Sharia laws d. an ancient stone temple

d. an ancient stone temple

Which concept is an inherent element in the Muslim belief system? a. living life as a prophet b. delivering messages from God c. moving from place to place d. being obedient to the will of God

d. being obedient to the will of God

How was Mansa Musa able to bring Islamic culture to Mali? a. by defeating the Almoravids b. by capturing Timbuktu c. by controlling the gold and salt trade d. by bringing Arab scholars and architects to Mali

d. by bringing Arab scholars and architects to Mali

Jesus's disciples and followers spread the message of Christianity a. by writing the Old Testament. b. by co-opting Roman gods as a means of converting Romans. c. by influencing every religious leader in the Jewish faith. d. by traveling to speak to people across the Roman Empire.

d. by traveling to speak to people across the Roman Empire.

The early Bantu's agricultural practices distinguished them from other cultural groups of this era because the Bantu a. established villages and stayed in one place. b. were able to develop large city settlements. c. constantly migrated to find new sources of iron. d. developed fortification systems to protect crops.

d. developed fortification systems to protect crops.

Which of the following is not an example of cultural and scientific advancements made during the Gupta Empire? a. classification of one thousand new diseases b. the Indian subcontinent was unified for the first time c. introduction of the number zero d. development of an early form of chess

d. development of an early form of chess

A republic is a form of government where a. all citizens take an active role in decision making. b. military leaders represent the people. c. a chief executive makes all the decisions. d. elected officials represent the people.

d. elected officials represent the people.

After Alexander the Great invaded Egypt, the Egyptians a. welcomed him and crowned him pharaoh. b. cut off his troops and drove him out of Africa. c. worked to assassinate him and take back control. d. embraced a new leader to undermine his authority.

d. embraced a new leader to undermine his authority.

Julius Caesar's assassination led to the a. founding of the Roman Republic. b. beginning of Rome's expansion. c. fall of the Roman Empire. d. end of the Roman Republic.

d. end of the Roman Republic.

Which principle of American government is reflected in this passage from the Bible? a. republican form of government b. direct democracy c. separation of powers d. equality of all citizens

d. equality of all citizens

Cyrus the Great is remembered for a. destroying the Persian Empire. b. using fear to govern captive lands. c. exploring the lands bordering the Mediterranean Sea. d. founding the Persian Empire.

d. founding the Persian Empire.

As Rome expanded, more power went to its a. senators. b. praetors. c. plebeians. d. generals.

d. generals.

In many Muslim cultures, men and women follow rules about a. how much wine to drink. b. whether to donate to the poor. c. where they are allowed to live. d. how to interact with each other.

d. how to interact with each other.

When did Alexander the Great take the throne? a. 536 BCE b. 436 BCE c. 336 BCE d. 236 BCE

c. 336 BCE

In what year did the Western Roman Empire collapse? a. 370 CE b. 455 CE c. 476 CE d. 1453 CE

c. 476 CE

What event happened after the Qin Dynasty collapsed? a. Lu Bang abandoned Legalism. b. Wudi appointed his grandson emperor. c. A civil war broke out. d. The Great Wall was completed.

c. A civil war broke out.

Scientists believe that early human beings may have originated in a. North America. b. South America. c. Africa. d. Asia.

c. Africa.

What does this passage imply about the importance of laws within individual states? a. For laws to be just, they must be common to all humankind. b. Laws reflect the customs of each state and common laws of mankind. c. All laws should be made available to other nations so that they can make use of them. d. Natural reason is the only source of all laws for all people.

c. All laws should be made available to other nations so that they can make use of them.

Which of the following summarizes Ashoka's message in this edict? a. Ashoka believed in strict obedience to authority. b. Ashoka believed he was all powerful and deserved total respect. c. Ashoka was committed to the welfare and happiness of his people. d. Ashoka no longer wanted to be bothered with state business at all hours.

c. Ashoka was committed to the welfare and happiness of his people.

Which statement best describes how American government compares to the one that existed in ancient Athens? a. Both governments used random selection to choose citizens to serve in the legislature. b. Both governments eventually gave the right to vote to women and enslaved people. c. Both governments encouraged citizens to participate in the decision-making process. d. Both governments allowed citizens to vote directly on nearly every important decision.

c. Both governments encouraged citizens to participate in the decision-making process.

Although they were different in many respects, which characteristic did the Minoans and Mycenaeans share? a. Neither was ruled by a central authority. b. Neither had large cities or grand palaces. c. Both shared the same system of writing. d. Both built cities fortified with strong defenses.

c. Both shared the same system of writing.

Which ruler divided Rome in order to bring stability to the empire? a. Constantinople b. Maximian c. Diocletian d. Attila the Hun

c. Diocletian

Which of these statements best describes the Greek city-states? a. Each city-state had the same level of influence. b. Each city-state had the same social organization. c. Each city-state had its own form of government. d. Each city-state allowed all people to vote.

c. Each city-state had its own form of government.

What was one consequence of Roman expansion beginning in 300 BCE? a. Soldiers became less loyal to their generals. b. Plebeians lost their influence in government. c. Economic problems began to increase. d. Rome was no longer a center of trade.

c. Economic problems began to increase.

All citizens in ancient Athens took part in government by voting in the a. Senate. b. Council of 500. c. General Assembly. d. legislative branch.

c. General Assembly.

In 1831, Muslims made up 66 percent of the Ottoman population. Today, Turkey is ______________________- than the Ottoman Empire in 1831.

is less religiously diverse

This map shows the locations of ancient river civilizations. Which letter on the map shows the location of Mesopotamia?

letter B

Like other ancient civilizations, the earliest civilization in India developed ______________.

near a river valley

What legal and political idea is contained in this edict from Hammurabi's Code?

right to present evidence

Rome was strongly influenced by the culture of the a. Sumerians. b. Germans. c. Greeks. d. Assyrians.

c. Greeks.

What was one contribution made by Eratosthenes in ancient Greece? a. He wrote a geometry textbook that was used for nearly 2,000 years. b. He calculated the value of the infinite number known as pi. c. He computed the circumference of planet Earth. d. He developed military tactics that still apply today.

c. He computed the circumference of planet Earth.

It is believed that Paul was a martyr. Which answer best describes what this means? a. He accepted persecution rather than deny his beliefs. b. He sacrificed his life to spread Christianity. c. He died rather than deny his beliefs. d. He devoted himself to Christianity.

c. He died rather than deny his beliefs.

Why did King Cyrus allow some Jewish people to return to Israel? a. He did not have room for all of them in his kingdom. b. He wanted the religion to spread through Europe. c. He had a reputation for religious tolerance. d. He wanted the Jewish people to rebuild the temple.

c. He had a reputation for religious tolerance.

What contribution did Alexander the Great make to the Hellenistic civilization? a. He provided military support for the ruler of that culture. b. He backed the philosophers and scholars of the time. c. He helped spread Greek culture as his empire grew. d. He built libraries and other facilities during that era.

c. He helped spread Greek culture as his empire grew.

Which statement about Muhammad is accurate? a. He was the son of Allah. b. He was born a religious leader. c. He was the original founder of Islam. d. He was considered the first prophet of God.

c. He was the original founder of Islam.

In what way are ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs different from letters in the English alphabet? a. Hieroglyphs represent sounds. b. Hieroglyphs are used in other languages. c. Hieroglyphs convey meaning through pictures. d. Hieroglyphs are combined to build words.

c. Hieroglyphs convey meaning through pictures.

How did the Royal Road benefit the Persians? a. It prevented invaders from entering the Persian Empire. b. It encouraged the building of Persian naval vessels. c. It established communication throughout the Persian Empire. d. It helped the Persians reach Rome and then conquer it.

c. It established communication throughout the Persian Empire.

How has Judaism evolved into a culture? a. It has developed more than thirteen million followers. b. It has spread throughout multiple countries. c. It has followers who are born into the faith. d. It has guidance about dress and rites of passage.

c. It has followers who are born into the faith.

How is India distinct from the rest of Asia? a. It is a landmass. b. It is a peninsula. c. It is a subcontinent. d. It is an outcropping.

c. It is a subcontinent.

In what way does this quote prove that Greece had a lasting impact on the world? a. It shows the development of science. b. It explains the spread of philosophical thought. c. It shows the long-lasting influence of democracy. d. It explains the foundations of modern medicine.

c. It shows the long-lasting influence of democracy.

What statement best describes the Yongle Encyclopedia that originated during the Ming Dynasty? a. It was a comprehensive code of laws. b. It was a collection of prayers translated by Catholic missionaries. c. It was a collection of information on astronomy, geography, technology, art, and more. d. It was a comprehensive medical book describing thousands of herbs and drugs and their uses.

c. It was a collection of information on astronomy, geography, technology, art, and more.

How was a successor to Muhammad chosen? a. Muhammad named his successor before dying. b. An angel was said to have revealed Muhammad's successor. c. Muhammad's successor was elected by the clans. d. The successor to Muhammad was named in the Qur'an.

c. Muhammad's successor was elected by the clans.

Why did Jews and Christians experience religious tolerance from Muslim leaders? a. Muslim caliphs believed that freedom of worship resulted in a stronger empire. b. Jews and Christians also practiced the five pillars of Islam. c. Muslims believe they share the same god as Jews and Christians d. Muslim caliphs understood that working with Jews and Christians would increase trade

c. Muslims believe they share the same god as Jews and Christians

Letter A shows the location of which ancient river valley? a. Tigris b. Indus c. Nile d. Euphrates

c. Nile

Who led the Athenian Empire? a. Aristotle b. Hippocrates c. Pericles d. Socrates

c. Pericles

What is the best conclusion based on the map? a. The Persian Empire was the largest in the world. b. Persia would have to attack Athens and Sparta by land. c. Persia was a tiny country compared to the size of its empire. d. Athens and Sparta were Persia's next target in growing its empire.

c. Persia was a tiny country compared to the size of its empire.

Muhammad lived and worked most of his life as a commercial trader. When he received his first revelation, he committed his life to serving his followers and city as their religious leader, military general and what other role? a. Farmer b. Doctor c. Politician d. Craftsman

c. Politician

Which statement best describes the way Romans viewed education? a. Roman education was reserved for slaves. b. Roman children of wealthy families were sent to school. c. Roman education focused on the humanities. d. Roman society looked down on education.

c. Roman education focused on the humanities.

Which dynasty was the first to build advanced settlements in China? a. Zhou b. Qin c. Shang d. Han

c. Shang

Which group established Great Zimbabwe? a. Arab b. Zapotec c. Shona d. Swahili

c. Shona

Which statement correctly describes relations between Athens and Sparta leading up to the Peloponnesian War? a. Sparta was a strong ally of Athens because the two city-states had similar forms of government. b. Sparta was a strong ally of Athens because the two city-states were both military societies. c. Sparta resented the growing power of Athens, which controlled the city-states of the Delian League. d. Sparta resented the growing power of Athens, which had fought the city-states of the Delian League.

c. Sparta resented the growing power of Athens, which controlled the city-states of the Delian League.

What was the effect of the spread of Muslim Armies on the Byzantine Empire? a. The Arabs failed to capture any Byzantine territory. b. The Arabs successfully captured Constantinople and spread into Europe c. The Arabs captured territory around the Mediterranean but failed to take Constantinople. d. The Arabs created an alliance with the Byzantines and avoided conflict.

c. The Arabs captured territory around the Mediterranean but failed to take Constantinople.

What was the impact of the political and legal ideas found in Hammurabi's Code? a. The Code served as a model for government organization and the separation of powers. b. The Code established ideas about democracy and the rights of citizens. c. The Code served as a model for justice and influenced law making in other societies. d. The Code established ideas about equality and justice within a diverse society.

c. The Code served as a model for justice and influenced law making in other societies.

Before the split in 1054, how did the Eastern Church and the Western Church view the Pope differently? a. The Eastern Church recognized the Pope's complete power. b. The Western Church saw the Pope only as a governmental leader. c. The Eastern Church completely rejected the Pope's power. d. The Western Church saw the Pope only as a religious leader.

c. The Eastern Church completely rejected the Pope's power.

How did the Peloponnesian War impact Greece? a. The Greek empire doubled in size. b. The Athenian people lost one-third of their population. c. The Golden Age of Greece began to decline. d. The military strength of Greece increased.

c. The Golden Age of Greece began to decline.

What was one cultural contribution made by the ancient Greeks? a. The Greeks wrote the first pieces of literature. b. The Greeks were the first to create epic poems. c. The Greeks were the first to write dramatic plays. d. The Greeks created the first musical instruments.

c. The Greeks were the first to write dramatic plays.

What happened after the collapse of the Ming dynasty? a. China lost half its territory to the Japanese. b. China began a new era of exploration. c. The Manchus took over and created a new dynasty called the Qing. d. Tokugawa of Japan invaded China and became the new emperor.

c. The Manchus took over and created a new dynasty called the Qing.

Which statement describes the Minoan religion? a. The Minoans worshipped one god. b. The Minoans worshipped many idols. c. The Minoans worshipped female gods. d. The Minoans worshipped male gods.

c. The Minoans worshipped female gods.

How did Mongol rule most affect China? a. The Mongols allowed the Chinese to rule for them and collected a tribute. b. The Mongols destroyed Beijing, burning its Great Library to the ground. c. The Mongols adopted some Chinese customs but gave positions of power to foreigners. d. The Mongols were unable to conquer and unify the Chinese.

c. The Mongols adopted some Chinese customs but gave positions of power to foreigners.

Which is a true statement about the Neolithic Revolution? a. The Neolithic Revolution caused a decrease in population. b. The Neolithic Revolution was also called the Pastoral Revolution. c. The Neolithic Revolution took place over thousands of years. d. The Neolithic Revolution happened relatively quickly, in just five hundred year

c. The Neolithic Revolution took place over thousands of years.

Early Christianity accepted aspects of Judaism and incorporated them into the religion. How are these elements of Judaism still visible in modern Christianity? a. Christian holidays, such as Easter, are adaptations of Jewish holidays. b. Jesus is referred to as "the king of the Jews" in the Bible. c. The New Testament references some Jewish teachings. d. The hierarchy of the modern Roman Catholic Church is based on that of Judaism.

c. The New Testament references some Jewish teachings.

What was the lasting effect of the Roman Catholic Church becoming the official church of the Roman Empire? a. The pope continues to have the power of a king, but on a global scale. b. The Roman Catholic Church still largely influences European governments. c. The Roman Catholic Church dominated European society for one thousand years. d. Other religions and beliefs were never able to emerge across Europe.

c. The Roman Catholic Church dominated European society for one thousand years.

How did Roman education influence Western civilization? a. The Romans were the first to send all children to school. b. The Romans adopted their educational system from the Germans. c. The Roman course of study focused on the humanities. d. The Romans forced conquered peoples to attend Roman schools.

c. The Roman course of study focused on the humanities.

How did the Song Dynasty compare to the Tang Dynasty? a. The Song Dynasty came first and established many reforms that the Tang Dynasty later adopted. b. The Song Dynasty came second and did away with many reforms that the Tang Dynasty established. c. The Song Dynasty was smaller than the Tang Dynasty but lasted for a slightly longer period of time. d. The Song Dynasty was larger than the Tang Dynasty but lasted for a slightly shorter period of time.

c. The Song Dynasty was smaller than the Tang Dynasty but lasted for a slightly longer period of time.

How is government in the United States today different from government in ancient Athens? a. The United States is a direct democracy. b. The United States allows citizens to vote. c. The United States is a republic. d. The United States has a unicameral legislature.

c. The United States is a republic.

What advice does Taizong give on the best way to rule? a. The emperor should give some land to smaller empires and form alliances. b. The emperor should step down and let family members rule. c. The emperor should ask family members to become involved in governing the empire. d. The emperor should govern the empire alone and keep all control over the people.

c. The emperor should ask family members to become involved in governing the empire.

What is the main idea of Pericles's statement? a. Poverty can keep citizens from serving. b. Citizens are different from one another. c. The law treats all men equally. d. All men should be able to serve the state.

c. The law treats all men equally.

What is Pericles saying in the underlined phrase? a. People who live in Athens are fighting for great privileges. b. Speaking about Athens makes the men who died seem less important. c. The men of Athens are virtuous, just as the city of Athens is. d. Virtue is unimportant to the people who live in Athens.

c. The men of Athens are virtuous, just as the city of Athens is.

Which statement best explains why ancient Egypt is considered a theocracy? a. The country was ruled in the name of the gods. b. Priests were part of the ruling class. c. The pharaoh was the gods' representative on Earth. d. Religious doctrine shaped the legal system.

c. The pharaoh was the gods' representative on Earth.

Which statement is supported by information in the chart? a. The Ottoman Empire had its greatest population in 1566. b. The population declined between 1566 and 1683. c. The population increased the most between 1831 and 1856. d. There were more people living in the empire in 1683 than in 1856.

c. The population increased the most between 1831 and 1856.

Which aspect of government does the United States have in common with the Roman Republic? a. Two consuls run the executive branch. b. Senators are elected into office for life. c. There are three branches of government. d. Governors are chosen by members of assemblies.

c. There are three branches of government.

According to the author, what was the primary function of the gladiatorial games for the rulers of Rome? a. They were purely for executions. b. They showed people the government's power. c. They distracted the people from their real problems. d. They helped recruit new gladiators.

c. They distracted the people from their real problems.

How did Egypt's main crops of papyrus and cereals best contribute to the development of the civilization? a. They were difficult to grow in this region, so they were in high demand. b. They were crucial materials needed for creating other products. c. They had many uses at home and could be traded for other goods. d. They could not be stored for long periods of time, so they were very valuable.

c. They had many uses at home and could be traded for other goods.

What does this passage show about Jews during the Babylonian Captivity? a. They felt happy to be in a new country. b. They wanted to forget their lives in Israel. c. They missed their home of Jerusalem.

c. They missed their home of Jerusalem.

What was the most important factor that created changes in the Minoan civilization? a. They developed large cities and created great palaces. b. They developed a system of writing that resembled hieroglyphics. c. They were a seagoing power influenced by ideas outside Greece. d. They had natural resources to forge the bronze objects they made for trading.

c. They were a seagoing power influenced by ideas outside Greece.

Which characteristics did early Japanese, Chinese, and Korean civilizations share? a. They were friendly nations that shared culture and customs. b. They were nations at war that shared a common religion. c. They were neighboring countries that shared a common history. d. They were countries with dissimilar culture and customs.

c. They were neighboring countries that shared a common history.

Brahmanism, a direct predecessor to Hinduism, was based on texts called a. Brahmans. b. Upanishads. c. Vedas. d. Noble Truths.

c. Vedas.

Why did so many early civilizations arise near river valleys? a. Rivers provided an easy route for trade. b. The seclusion of a valley provided protection from enemies. c. Water created fertile soil and other agricultural advantages. d. Monsoons inflicted less damage away from coastal areas.

c. Water created fertile soil and other agricultural advantages.

The people of Mesopotamia were protected by the a. Tigris River. b. Euphrates River. c. Zagros and Taurus Mountains. d. Red Sea.

c. Zagros and Taurus Mountains.

Which Chinese dynasty lasted the longest? a. Han b. Qin c. Zhou d. Shang

c. Zhou

Which best describes the Shona leadership? a. elected officials b. upper class rulers c. a council of elders d. foreign rulers

c. a council of elders

The government of ancient Athens was a. an oligarchy. b. a theocracy. c. a direct democracy. d. a democratic republic.

c. a direct democracy.

What is a Hajj? a. a book of laws b. a religious idol c. a journey to Mecca d. a member of an Arab tribe

c. a journey to Mecca

Which description summarizes Marco Polo's description of Beijing? a. a small city that does not care for trade b. a large city untouched by foreign influence c. a large city with vibrant foreign trade d. an isolated city hostile to foreigners

c. a large city with vibrant foreign trade

Aesop was an ancient storyteller who was credited with writing a. The Iliad. b. The Odyssey. c. a series of fables. d. the legend of King Minos.

c. a series of fables.

What was adopted directly from China by Japan? a. a calendar system b. religious shrines c. a written language d. the feudal system

c. a written language

The Abbasid Dynasty was known for a. building their capital at Jerusalem. b. focusing on expansion in the West. c. accepting converts to Islam as equals. d. being quickly conquered by the Mongols.

c. accepting converts to Islam as equals.

In the first one hundred years after Muhammad's death, how far did Islam spread? a. only throughout the Arabian Peninsula b. across the Middle East and Persia c. across the Middle East, North Africa, and into Europe d. from Europe to India in South Asia

c. across the Middle East, North Africa, and into Europe

When river waters recede after floods, the uncovered soil is described as a. polytheistic. b. domesticated. c. alluvial. d. irrigated.

c. alluvial.

What art style is this an example of? a. calligraphy b. astrolabe c. arabesque d. mosaic

c. arabesque

The Western Church claimed authority over the Eastern Church because the Pope a. wanted the Eastern Church to remain Christian. b. wanted the Eastern Church to move to Rome. c. believed he had power over both churches. d. believed he had power over European kings.

c. believed he had power over both churches.

Which achievement did the Old Kingdom and the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt have in common? a. both greatly expanded the territory of the empire b. both used advanced bronze weaponry c. both built great monuments d. both built canals that increased trade and transportation

c. both built great monuments

How did Mansa Musa gain his fortune? a. by forcing his subjects to convert to Islam b. by resisting conquest by the Portuguese c. by controlling the gold and salt trade d. by conquering the city of Timbuktu

c. by controlling the gold and salt trade

How did Hongwu follow the teachings of Confucius? a. by building chariots of porcelain b. by encouraging exploration beyond China c. by making sure that everyone could earn a living d. by setting high standards of behavior for government leaders

c. by making sure that everyone could earn a living

Which is the most likely reason for the downfall of the Old Kingdom? a. conspiratorial plots within the royal court b. an overly centralized government c. climate change and reduced flooding d. foreign invasions

c. climate change and reduced flooding

Which decision by Tokugawa Ieyasu was most influential in Japan's cultural rise? a. increasing appreciation of theater and poetry b. requiring daimyo to spend a year at court c. deciding to rule from a new capital, Tokyo d. eliminating the position of shogun

c. deciding to rule from a new capital, Tokyo

Mughal emperor Akbar showed respect for religious diversity by a. promoting the rights of women. b. respecting those he conquered. c. easing enforcement of Islamic law. d. increasing enforcement of Islamic law.

c. easing enforcement of Islamic law.

Which principle of American government is reflected in this quote? a. separation of powers b. direct democracy c. equality for all citizens d. representative government

c. equality for all citizens

Because the framers of the US Constitution were concerned about citizens having too much power, they a. banned citizens from voting. b. organized a system of consuls and magistrates. c. established a republic. d. created a system of independently governed city-states.

c. established a republic.

This building was once the location of gladiator contests. Notice that the shape and size of the Colosseum is much like a modern-day outdoor arena where people watch a. horse jumping. b. golf matches. c. football games. d. basketball games.

c. football games.

For which action did Ghana use its large army? a. taxing the goods that came through Ghana's trade routes b. establishing a bureaucratic government c. gaining the obedience of Ghana's neighbors d. plundering large amounts of gold for trade

c. gaining the obedience of Ghana's neighbors

In addition to being the leader of Egypt, what role did the pharaoh play? a. priest b. healer c. god d. vizier

c. god

What is Mali's greatest characteristic, according to Ibn Battuta? a. its wealth b. its universities c. its safe and just society d. its desire for travel

c. its safe and just society

The word Bantu refers to a common a. ethnic group. b. kinship group. c. language group. d. religious group.

c. language group.

According to ancient Egyptian beliefs, which best describes the afterlife? a. the events that occurred in pyramids b. life as a god after death c. life after death d. a holy state of being

c. life after death

What was the writing system of the Minoan called? a. Arabic b. hieroglyphics c. linear A d. characters

c. linear A

The samurai code of honor, bushido, valued what characteristic above all else? a. bravery b. persistence c. loyalty d. respect

c. loyalty

Monumental ancient Egyptian architectural achievement could be described as the intersection of a. propaganda and mathematics. b. propaganda and religion. c. mathematics and religion. d. mathematics and history.

c. mathematics and religion.

Which term best describes the role of traders living along the Swahili Coast? a. artisans b. transporters c. middle men d. manufacturers

c. middle men

This image portrays the Assyrians as a. peaceful farmers. b. scholars. c. military conquerors. d. seafarers.

c. military conquerors.

Women in Roman society had the right to a. vote in elections. b. run for office. c. own property. d. choose who to marry.

c. own property.

In Rome's legislative branch, plebeians served in the Assemblies while the Senate's members were a. consuls. b. tribunes. c. patricians. d. Greeks.

c. patricians.

For whom were pyramids built? a. gods such as Ra and Isis b. everyday Egyptians c. pharaohs d. high priests

c. pharaohs

Which artistic aspect of Chinese culture was incorporated by Koreans into their culture? a. theater b. poetry c. pottery d. music

c. pottery

The best definition of pastoralism is a. planting seeds and cultivating crops. b. searching for wild game. c. raising livestock. d. harvesting crops.

c. raising livestock.

The role of the scribe within Egyptian society and government is most similar to that of a(n) a. accountant. b. political advisor. c. record keeper. d. leader.

c. record keeper.

In which spiritual concept do most Hindus believe? a. Four Noble Truths b. Eight-fold path c. reincarnation d. caste

c. reincarnation

Which geographic features gave rise to early civilization? a. mountains b. oceans c. rivers d. deserts

c. rivers

In the Mongol Empire, a khan was a a. farmer. b. priest. c. ruler. d. soldier.

c. ruler

After granting trading rights to the Dutch, China allowed them to a. enter the Forbidden City without special permission. b. trade with Britain and other nations. c. set up trading posts at ports in China. d. bring their missionaries to Chinese port cities.

c. set up trading posts at ports in China.

What did it mean that Athena was the patron goddess of Athens? a. she was a goddess of war. b. she was a goddess of wisdom. c. she was the protector of the city of Athens. d. she was the leader of the gods.

c. she was the protector of the city of Athens.

During which century did Muhammad receive his first revelation from God? a. the 100s b. the 500s c. the 600s d. the 1500s

c. the 600s

Based on the map, which bodies of water are connected by The Grand Canal? a. the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea b. the Yangtze River and the East China Sea c. the Huang He River and the Yangtze River d. the Huang He River and the Yellow Sea

c. the Huang He River and the Yangtze River

Who finally conquered the Abbasid Dynasty in 1258? a. the Umayyad b. the Turks c. the Mongols d. the Ottomans

c. the Mongols

During the Paleolithic era, hunter-gatherer groups began to develop cultural traits. What was the most important influence on which cultural traits developed? a. the group's leader b. the amount of free time c. the climate where the groups lived d. the ease of getting food

c. the climate where the groups lived

Ancient Egypt had a social hierarchy. If the hierarchy had five levels, with the pharaoh at the top, at which level were farmers and herders? a. the second tier, immediately below the pharaoh b. the third (middle) tier c. the fourth tier d. the fifth (bottom) tier

c. the fourth tier

Which of these events occurred first? a. the fall of the Songhai Empire b. the fall of the Mali Empire c. the introduction of Islam into West Africa d. the entrance of Portuguese explorers into African territory

c. the introduction of Islam into West Africa

Which Han dynasty reform was reintroduced during the Tang dynasty? a. the practice of giving jobs to friends and family b. harsh penalties for lawbreakers c. the use of civil service exams d. the reviewing of laws every five years

c. the use of civil service exams

Many of the foundations of classical Greek culture emerged during the time when a. the Mycenaeans existed. b. the Minoans existed. c. there were no written records. d. everything was recorded.

c. there were no written records.

For how many pharaohs was each pyramid constructed? a. one b. two c. three d. four

c. three

Why did Pericles focus on the greatness of Athens? a. to remind other cities of the greatness and uniqueness of Athens b. to promote Athens for future generations c. to show that protecting Athens is a cause worth dying for d. to help encourage democracy throughout the region

c. to show that protecting Athens is a cause worth dying for

Jesus selected twelve men to be his disciples. What was their main role? a. to be Jesus's confidants b. to stop the persecution of Christians c. to spread Jesus's teachings d. to convert Romans

c. to spread Jesus's teachings

Islam was introduced into West Africa by a. missionaries. b. prophets. c. traders. d. nomads.

c. traders.

As inflation increased and the Roman Empire experienced greater political instability, what occurred? a. demands for democracy b. calls to divide the empire c. violent unrest d. removal of mercenaries from the army

c. violent unrest

What did the Mongols avoid doing because they claimed it would anger the gods? a. shaving their heads b. wearing silk garments c. washing their clothes d. cooking their meat

c. washing their clothes

During the Byzantine Empire, Empress Theodora supported rights for a. Greeks. b. Catholics. c. women. d. slaves.

c. women.

The Epic of Gilgamesh is one of history's oldest surviving a. ziggurats. b. civilizations. c. works of literature. d. trade routes.

c. works of literature.

According to the passage, what did Allah teach humans to do? a. create b. speak c. write d. read

c. write

___________________ were highly prized and considered a symbol of wealth in the empire of Great Zimbabwe and in earlier Bantu cultures.

cattle

Afterlife

Life after death

Alluvial

Made up of soil left behind by floodwaters

In one paragraph, explain how Mansa Musa influenced the development of the Mali Empire. Use reasons and evidence from the reading to support your claims.

Mansa Musa influenced the development of the Mali Empire by taking over large areas of land and controlling the gold and salt trade. He brought Islamic culture to Mali by embracing Islam. Mali came to the attention of the wider world when Mansa Musa took a hajj to Mecca with a great deal of gold and wealth.

How did Mesopotamian geography contribute to the development of complex civilizations like Sumer? Check all that apply.

Mountains protected the region from invaders, Rivers flooded, providing fertile soil and water for irrigation

During the ____________ Kingdom, Queen Hatshepsut was a powerful female pharaoh who encouraged trade.

New

Arayan

Nomadic people who migrated to India about 2000 BCE

This artwork was created by a hunter-gatherer during the __________________________ Era.

Paleolithic

Agricultural Hearths

Places where agriculture developed independently all over the world

Turkey was once part of the Ottoman Empire, and Istanbul is its capital. This graph supports the idea that Turkey is ___________________

Predominantly Muslim

Write a paragraph explaining the ways in which Roman influence can be seen in our society today. Use details from the lesson and reading for support.

Roman styles and ideas are evident throughout the world today. Roman building methods and ideas are seen in many modern buildings. Roman artistic ideas (both visual and literary) are still valued and studied today. Concepts from Roman government have been picked up in our current system. The Roman language influences our language and is used in the fields of science and law.

Dynasty

Rule by succession of people from the same family

Ten Commandments

Rules for behavior given by God to Moses

Monsoon

Seasonal winds that bring heavy rain to India during summer months

Cataract

Steeper part of a river where the water runs fast and becomes rapids

Write a paragraph that explains how the excerpts from Herodotus and the Egyptian Book of the Dead help explain key aspects of Egyptian culture. Use specific details from the lesson and the assignment to support your answer.

The Egyptian Book of the Dead showed their beliefs surrounding death and the afterlife, while Herodotus depicted their lifestyles and history in his historical writings. Both presented key aspects of day to day Egyptian life.

Hieroglyphics

The Egyptian system of writing that is based on picture symbols

Write a short response identifying two reasons the Mughal and Ottoman Empires were successful.

The Mughal Empire and the Ottoman Empire were successful because they focused on secularism. The Mughal Empire and the Ottoman Empire allow the people to choose their faith and they can practice it. They also have a very great deal on that red expression, and they also try to impose the fairest law for their citizen of the Empire. The Ottoman Empire was more powerful in military and political ways, but the cultural and economic development of both empires, were on a similar level Whereas the Mughal Empire allow more liberty to the people. In short, the Ottoman Empire and the Mughal Empire practice Islam and they used gunpowder and has strong military and where tolerant and acceptance of other religion and value of traditional art, literature and architect.

Karma

The belief that every action causes a reaction in the universe

Monotheism

The belief that there is only one god

What factor was most important in determining the cultural traits of hunter-gatherers?

The climate they lived in

Hebrew

The language of Israel

Exodus

The migration of the Jewish people from Egypt to Israel

Pastoralism

The raising of livestock such as cows, goats, and sheep.

Rosh Hashanah

The start of the new year

Philosophy

The study of the nature of life

In which way was the New Kingdom different from the Old and Middle Kingdoms?

The territory of the empire greatly expanded.

Polytheism

The worship of more than one god

Synagogue

A Jewish place of worship

Covenant

A binding agreement

City-state

A city and nearby community that share an independent government

Upanishads

A collection of texts that form the basis of the Hindu religion

Yom Kippur

A day of repentance

Tragedy

A drama that investigates human emotions, often with a sad ending

Passover

A holiday to remember the Exodus

Subcontinent

A large area of land that is part of a larger continent

Empire

A large group of territories under a single government

Rosetta Stone

A monument used by scientists to decipher the meaning of hieroglyphics

Neolithic Revolution

A point when people gained the ability to cultivate crops and tame animals

Mummification

A process of preserving a body to prevent decay

Zoroastrianism

A religion founded by the Persian prophet Zoroaster

Caste System

A social class that divides Indian society

Nirvana

A state of perfect happiness in which there is no suffering

Bureaucracy

A structure of government

Limited democracy

A system in which some but not all people have a say in decisions

The Eightfold Path

A way to end suffering, also called the middle way

Code of Law

A written legal system of laws

Who was the subject of a great work of Sumerian literature?

Gilgamesh

Theocracy

Government in which the political leader is also a religious leader

Elements of Swahili culture such as trade ____________________ continue to play a major role in modern Africa, especially in Kenya and Tanzania.

Language

Enlightened

Having a deep spiritual understanding

What is the meaning of Gilgamesh's dream, according to his mother?

He will meet someone, whom he will introduce to his mother.

Hippocrates

Helped develop the field of medicine

Royal Road

Helped open communication throughout the persian empire

Monarchy

Hereditary government led by a single person- the monarch

According to the pie chart, ________________________ is the dominant religion of India.

Hinduism

Why did geography have such a strong impact on the lives of hunter-gatherers in the Paleolithic Era?

Hunter-gatherers had to adapt to the land and available resources in order to survive.

On a typical day, Juan spends seven hours in school and two hours doing homework. He sleeps about eight hours each night and has about three hours of leisure time. The other four hours he spends doing chores, eating, and working. In a typical day, how do you spend your time? Write a short paragraph that describes your schedule.

I wake up at 7 am, then I start school at 9. I do that until 11:30 am then I have lunch for 30 minutes then I go back to school until 3:30 and after that, I have no schedule.

A person borrows a neighbor's tools and returns them in a damaged condition. Using the examples you have seen from Hammurabi's Code, write a code that would address such a situation. Be sure your code offers ways to protect both the borrower and the lender.

If a person borrows a tool from a neighbor, the borrower must point out any defects in the tool before taking it. Then, if the borrower returns the tool with a defect in it, the borrower must repair the tool or replace it with a new one.

What were the effects of the Neolithic Revolution? Check all that apply.

Labor became specialized, permanent settlements were established, communities could store a surplus of food

Which of these aspects of culture, government, and technology came from China and were adapted by people in Korea? Select all that apply. a) Buddhism b) Confucianism c) movable type d) celadon pottery e) Shintō f) the samurai warrior code

a) Buddhism b) Confucianism c) movable type d) celadon pottery

Which best describes the organization of Phoenicia?

a collection of city-states

The Swahili Coast was a marketplace for traders from which locations? Check all that apply. a) Arabia b) Asia c) Australia d) North Africa e) Persia f) South America

a) Arabia b) Asia d) North Africa

Let's review what you have learned about the Ming Dynasty. a) Bad harvests led to famine. b) The lack of trade limited access to new ideas. c) Chinese goods were in greater demand. d) Lack of trade caused economic problems. e) The Chinese emperors became ineffective. f) The army successfully fought off Manchu attacks.

a) Bad harvests led to famine. b) The lack of trade limited access to new ideas. d) Lack of trade caused economic problems. e) The Chinese emperors became ineffective.

How were Akbar and Suleyman alike? Check all that apply. a) Both promoted religious tolerance. b) Both created a code of law. c) Both created efficient governments. d) Both were skilled military generals. e) Both created their own religion.

a) Both promoted religious tolerance. c) Both created efficient governments. d) Both were skilled military generals.

A difference between Babur and Akbar was that a. Babur was the first emperor of the Mughal Empire, while Akbar was its greatest leader. b. Akbar was the first emperor of the Mughal Empire, while Babur was its greatest leader. c. Akbar was the first sultan of the Ottoman Empire, while Babur was its greatest leader. d. Babur was the first emperor of the Ottoman Empire, while Akbar was its greatest leader.

a. Babur was the first emperor of the Mughal Empire, while Akbar was its greatest leader.

Which best explains how Babur's rule of the Mughal Empire influenced Akbar's rule? a. Babur's respect for other beliefs inspired Akbar to promote religious tolerance. b. Babur's use of military power inspired Akbar to expand the size of the Empire. c. Babur's belief in taxes inspired Akbar to tax both Muslims and non-Muslims. d. Babur's respect for architecture inspired Akbar to build the Taj Mahal.

a. Babur's respect for other beliefs inspired Akbar to promote religious tolerance.

What does Christianity have in common with Judaism? a. Both are monotheistic. b. Both require five daily prayers. c. Both believe that Jesus is the son of God. d. Both require tolerance of other religions.

a. Both are monotheistic.

Which religion did China introduce into Japan? a. Buddhism b. Shintoism c. Taoism d. Confucianism

a. Buddhism

Which best explains how religious tolerance helped the Ottoman and Mughal Empires succeed? a. By showing religious tolerance, both empires maintained stability and earned loyalty from different peoples. b. By showing religious tolerance, both empires maintained power and earned new converts to Islam. c. By showing religious tolerance, both empires created new religions and earned loyalty from different peoples. d. By showing religious tolerance, both empires created new religions and earned new converts to Islam.

a. By showing religious tolerance, both empires maintained stability and earned loyalty from different peoples.

After he gained control of the Roman Empire, Constantine moved the capital to a. Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople. b. Rome and renamed it Constantinople. c. created a second capital in Byzantium. d created a second capital in Constantinople.

a. Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople.

The Roman Republic began to expand when Rome fought the Punic Wars and defeated a. Carthage. b Germany. c. Egypt. d. Greece.

a. Carthage.

How did the role of priests affect the split between the Eastern and Western churches? a. Church leaders could not agree whether priests should be allowed to get married. b. Church leaders could not agree whether priests should believe in more than one god. c. Church leaders could not agree whether priests should question the divinity of Jesus. d. Church leaders could not agree on whether priests should question the existence of God.

a. Church leaders could not agree whether priests should be allowed to get married.

Emperor Wudi focused his government on which philosophical concept? a. Confucian ideals b. Legalism c. filial piety d. the Mandate of Heaven

a. Confucian ideals

As a ruler, Emperor Qin Shihuangdi: a. Consolidated power in the capital. b. Was elected by the noble houses. c. Embraced Confucianism over legalism. d. Was traditional and made few changes.

a. Consolidated power in the capital.

Who was the first Christian Roman emperor? a. Constantine b. Pontius Pilate c. Diocletian d. Herod

a. Constantine

The Hellenistic civilization included a blend of Greek culture with a. Egyptian, Indian, and Persian influences. b. Egyptian, Persian, and Roman influences. c. English, Egyptian, and Roman influences. d. English, Indian, and Persian influences.

a. Egyptian, Indian, and Persian influences.

What was the most significant geographical advantage Greece had that allowed ideas to spread quickly? a. Greece had many islands that shared ideas with each other. b. The city-states sent couriers back and forth for information. c. Because of its size, all Greeks spoke the same language. d. Because of its central location, ideas came from all over.

a. Greece had many islands that shared ideas with each other.

The total area of Alexander III's empire stretched from a. Greece to the Indus River. b. Macedonia to the Black Sea. c. Macedonia to the Persian Gulf. d. Greece to the Mediterranean Sea.

a. Greece to the Indus River.

Why did Qin Shihuangdi force all nobles to live at the capital? a. He adamantly opposed Confucian teaching. b. He knew it would reduce rebellion and infighting. c. He thought it would help him put an end to Legalism. d. He believed it was the only way to become emperor.

a. He adamantly opposed Confucian teaching.

What was Askia the Great's attitude toward learning? a. He wanted to renew its importance. b. He wanted to do away with it. c. He wanted to keep it as a key feature. d. He wanted to use it to influence trade.

a. He wanted to renew its importance.

How is the Rosetta Stone key to modern-day understanding of ancient Egypt? a. The Rosetta Stone outlined ancient Egypt's social hierarchy. b. The Rosetta Stone allowed for the interpretation of hieroglyphs. c. The Rosetta Stone contained a timeline of Egyptian dynasties. d. The Rosetta Stone provided a map of the pharaohs' tombs.

b. The Rosetta Stone allowed for the interpretation of hieroglyphs.

The city located at "A" has been known by what names in history? Check all that apply. a) Rome b) Byzantium c) Constantinople d) Istanbul e) Baghdad

b) Byzantium c) Constantinople d) Istanbul

What was the cause of the Great Schism of 1054 between the Byzantine and Roman Catholic churches? Select all that apply. a) The Byzantine Empire opposed the spread of Christianity b) They disagreed regarding who held ultimate authority over the churches. c) The Byzantine church believed that the Roman church should follow its beliefs. d) The Roman church demanded tax payments from the Byzantines. e) They disagreed about the language in which church services should be conducted.

b) They disagreed regarding who held ultimate authority over the churches. e) They disagreed about the language in which church services should be conducted.

Which contributions did the Bantu make? Check all that apply. a) establishing the religion of Islam b) using iron to make farm tools c) organizing early villages d) using iron to make weapons e) signing peace treaties with Arab kingdoms

b) using iron to make farm tools c) organizing early villages d) using iron to make weapons

Democracy developed in Athens around a. 1,000 BCE. b. 500 BCE. c. 100 BCE. d. 50 BCE.

b. 500 BCE.

What is the main idea in this passage? a. In a small society, few citizens participate in government. b. A more diverse society allows more interests to be heard. c. A smaller society is more likely to protect against oppression. d. A larger society is less diverse and has fewer interests.

b. A more diverse society allows more interests to be heard.

Which statement describes the city of Alexandria? a. Alexandria was a Greek city-state that invented drama and democracy. b. Alexandria was an Egyptian trade center and home to a diverse population. c. Alexandria was the capital of the Persian Empire and the home of its ruler. d. Alexandria was a powerful military society that started the Peloponnesian War.

b. Alexandria was an Egyptian trade center and home to a diverse population.

Which term is the Arabic word for God? a. Mecca b. Allah c. Islam d. Qur'an

b. Allah

Which statement describes a characteristic of Sparta's religion? a. Sparta did not hold religious festivals. b. Artemis was the patron goddess of Sparta. c. Artemis was the urban goddess of Sparta. d. Sparta worshipped only one god, Artemis.

b. Artemis was the patron goddess of Sparta.

What best explains the why Greek ideas in science and math spread across the Mediterranean? a. After defeating Athens, the Spartans embraced Greek knowledge and brought it back to Sparta. b. As the Athenian empire expanded and trade grew, Greek knowledge spread. c. As a society Greek was held in high regard, and other civilizations eagerly picked up on their knowledge. d. Greek actors traveled across the Athenian empire performing dramas and tragedies reflecting Greek ideals.

b. As the Athenian empire expanded and trade grew, Greek knowledge spread.

What was the biggest difference between government in ancient Athens and in ancient Rome? a. Rome was a direct democracy, and Athens was not. b. Athens allowed all citizens to vote, while Rome was a republic. c. Athens allowed women and slaves to vote, but Rome did not. d. Rome had a bicameral assembly, and Athens did not.

b. Athens allowed all citizens to vote, while Rome was a republic.

According to Pericles, how is Athens different from other Greek city-states? a. Athens has an administration that favors the upper classes. b. Athens has laws that treat all people fairly, regardless of social class. c. Athens took the best laws of neighboring states and made them even better. d. Athens has a constitution, while other neighboring states are lawless.

b. Athens has laws that treat all people fairly, regardless of social class.

What present-day city became the capital of China after the Mongols took over China? a. Baghdad b. Beijing c. Karakorum d. Kiev

b. Beijing

The Ottoman Empire grew and expanded after it conquered the a. Mughal Empire. b. Byzantine Empire. c. Gupta Empire. d. Roman Empire.

b. Byzantine Empire.

Which religion has the most followers worldwide? a. Islam b. Christianity c. Buddhism d. Judaism

b. Christianity

When Muslims speak of "people of the book," to whom are they referring? a. Bedouins b. Christians c. Arabs d. Pilgrims

b. Christians

Which of the following correctly shows a cause and effect of Christianity's rise in the Roman Empire? a. Christians were persecuted. —> Support for and growth of Christianity declined. b. Constantine embraced Christianity. —> Christianity expanded in Rome. c. Romans embraced polytheism. —> Support of Christianity grew. d. Constantine rose to power. —> Christians were persecuted.

b. Constantine embraced Christianity. —> Christianity expanded in Rome.

The emperors of Mali were known as a. Musas. b. Mansas. c. Malias. d. Menahs.

b. Mansas.

Rome's location made it a center for trade throughout the a. Atlantic. b. Mediterranean. c. Pacific. d. Red Sea.

b. Mediterranean.

In order to establish the Ming dynasty in China, Hongwu first had to drive out the a. Turks. b. Mongols. c. Greeks. d. Dutch.

b. Mongols.

What was the effect of the introduction of Islam in West Africa? a. Traditional religious beliefs disappeared. b. More people began to read and write Arabic. c. The emperor forced all people in the empire to become Muslims. d. Ghana's rulers refused to give up their Christian beliefs.

b. More people began to read and write Arabic.

What was the origin of monotheism in Islam? a. cultural influence on Bedouins b. Muhammad's revelation c. the beliefs of people in Medina d. the compiling of the Qur'an

b. Muhammad's revelation

Who invaded Constantinople in 1453? a. Arab Muslim armies b. Ottoman Turk armies c. Roman Catholic armies d. Eastern Orthodox armies

b. Ottoman Turk armies

Which choice best describes the location of the Persian Empire? a. southern Europe and the Fertile Crescent b. Persia, the Fertile Crescent, and the eastern Mediterranean Sea c. the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea d. North Africa, Rome, and Persia

b. Persia, the Fertile Crescent, and the eastern Mediterranean Sea

During Alexander the Great's reign, Darius III was the king of a. Athens. b. Persia. c. Rome. d. Sparta.

b. Persia.

During which dynasty did Confucianism replace legalism as the main ruling doctrine? a. Han b. Qin c. Shang d. Zhou

b. Qin

Which statement best summarizes this passage? a. Roman governors abused citizens so they could live lavish lives. b. Romans used wealth from conquered people to live lavish lives. c. Life for people in the provinces was much happier than life in the city. d. Noncitizens had too much influence over the people of Rome.

b. Romans used wealth from conquered people to live lavish lives.

The factor that most contributed to the development of Roman civilization was a. Rome's language. b. Rome's geography. c. Rome's isolation from the world. d. Rome's foundation myth.

b. Rome's geography.

What was one of Wu Zhao's accomplishments as ruler of the Tang Dynasty? a. She unified China under one rule. b. She oversaw the conquest of Korea. c. She increased the size of Tang territory. d. She created penalties for breaking the law.

b. She oversaw the conquest of Korea.

The name of the first great civilization in Mesopotamia was a. Egypt. b. Sumer. c. Tigris. d. Euphrates.

b. Sumer.

This parable comes from the book of Luke in the New Testament. Here, Jesus is teaching a man about the meaning behind "loving one's neighbor as oneself." During Jesus's time, Jews viewed a people called Samaritans unfavorably. Which of these statements best describes the lesson Jesus is teaching? a. Refrain from robbing and beating others b. Take care of people in need, even if they are your enemies. c. Help out others if they are your neighbors. d. Stay away from priests and Levites, who are not to be trusted.

b. Take care of people in need, even if they are your enemies.

The first work of Greek literature to be written down was a. The Odyssey. b. The Iliad. c. the myth. d. the legend.

b. The Iliad.

Why were foreigners chosen for government positions within the Yuan Dynasty? a. The Mongols believed that foreigners could inspire loyalty. b. The Mongols believed that foreigners were more trustworthy. c. The Chinese believed that foreigners could provide protection. d. The Chinese believed that foreigners would support invading other areas

b. The Mongols believed that foreigners were more trustworthy.

What change did the Mongols bring to China? a. The Mongols established the Han Dynasty. b. The Mongols established the Yuan Dynasty. c. The Mongols expanded the Tang Dynasty. d. The Mongols expanded the Song Dynasty.

b. The Mongols established the Yuan Dynasty.

How did the Arabian Peninsula's location affect ability to trade? a. Trade was quite widespread because agriculture was so expansive. b. The location was so isolated that trade was nearly impossible. c. Its proximity to Africa and India made trade quite successful. d. People lived far from the coastal plains, so trade was minimal.

b. The location was so isolated that trade was nearly impossible.

Zoroastrianism introduced which idea? a. There is more than one god. b. There is both a heaven and a hell. c. The emperor is God's true prophet. d. Humans are free to choose sin or virtue.

b. There is both a heaven and a hell.

Why are empires and civilizations so intent on producing works of artistic and cultural significance? a. These works help to ensure the success of the empire's people. b. These works help to ensure the legacy of an empire. c. These works help to make the leader more powerful. d. These works help to ensure the empire will continue to prosper.

b. These works help to ensure the legacy of an empire.

What element do Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur share? a. They both celebrate the start of a new year. b. They both are considered high holy days. c. They both involve fasting and reflection. d. They both occur during the spring time.

b. They both are considered high holy days.

How did the Romans bring fresh water to their cities? a. They diverted water from the Tiber. b. They built a system of aqueducts. c. They imported water from other countries. d. They built dams across the Tiber.

b. They built a system of aqueducts.

Why were Arab settlers particularly influential along the Swahili Coast? a. They were the Bantu's major trading partner. b. They established many of the trading cities. c. They controlled all of the regional trade. d. They introduced trade to the region.

b. They established many of the trading cities.

The Hyksos, as an invading force, brought advanced bronze weaponry to Egypt at the end of the Middle Kingdom. How did the pharaohs of the New Kingdom adopt this technology to the empire's advantage? a. They sold the technology to allies to fund construction. b. They used the technology in conquests to expand the empire. c. They used the technology to facilitate trade. d. They traded the technology for goods such as wood and gold.

b. They used the technology in conquests to expand the empire.

What was the most distinguishing factor of the Minoans? a. They flourished on the island of Crete. b. They were a great seagoing power. c. They traded in bronze objects. d. They had good natural resources.

b. They were a great seagoing power.

The official religion of the Roman Empire was a form of paganism in which worshippers prayed to Roman gods and the emperor. In Judea, was there any freedom of religion under Roman rule? a. No, early Christians were persecuted. b. Yes, Jews were able to practice their religion. c. No, everyone was required to worship the emperor. d. Yes, all religions were tolerated if they incorporated Roman religion.

b. Yes, Jews were able to practice their religion.

Whose expeditions contributed to the accomplishments of the Ming dynasty? a. the Dutch b. Zheng He's c. Tokugawa's d. the British

b. Zheng He's

What problem was facing the people of Rome? a. a lack of entertainment b. a lack of food c. a lack of water d. a lack of influence in government

b. a lack of food

Toward the end of the Tang Dynasty, the government faced a. an invasion of armies from the north. b. a series of rebellions in the outer areas. c. a widespread plague that killed thousands. d. a battle among members of the royal family.

b. a series of rebellions in the outer areas.

Alexander the Great became king of Macedonia a. in the middle of the Hellenistic Age in ancient Greece. b. after Philip's assassination at the hands of political rivals. c. during the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. d. before a series of wars between Greek city-states and Persia.

b. after Philip's assassination at the hands of political rivals.

What animal was used to transport goods across the Sahara Desert? a. horse b. camel c. goat d. alpaca

b. camel

The most important way in which the Greeks influenced American democracy was by allowing a. city-states to follow their own form of government. b. citizens to participate in government. c. elected representatives to make all decisions. d. strong leaders to make all decisions.

b. citizens to participate in government.

Which characteristic of government describes Athens, not Sparta? a. Two kings led during wartime. b. Only about 8 percent were citizens. c. Most power rested with the council. d. All citizens could debate any issue.

d. All citizens could debate any issue.

What occurred during the Golden Age of Islam? a. A shift in government towards extreme rule. b. A shift towards cultural decline. c. An increase in religious conflicts. d. An increased focus on arts, science, and literature.

d. An increased focus on arts, science, and literature.

What impact did the caliphs have on the spread of Islam? a. The caliphs' rule kept Islam limited to the Arabian Peninsula. b. The clans' conflict over the caliphs' control restricted the growth of Islam. c. Caliphs came and went too quickly to have any significant impact on Islam. d. Caliphs were able to spread Islam as far as Europe and India.

d. Caliphs were able to spread Islam as far as Europe and India.

During the period of isolationism, why were the Chinese successful in imposing new rules governing trade with foreigners? a. The same rules were imposed by all countries that traded with China. b. The number of countries that traded with China was limited. c. Foreigners were fearful of China's military. d. Chinese goods were in high demand.

d. Chinese goods were in high demand.

What happened after Emperor Wudi expanded China's empire over a larger territory? a. New schools were created to train scholars. b. The people migrated to other lands. c. The amount of trade dropped dramatically. d. Citizens became less involved in government.

d. Citizens became less involved in government.

How were officials chosen for government positions within the Tang Dynasty? a. Loyal friends were placed in official positions. b. Positions were handed down from father to son. c. Wealthy landowners paid for government posts. d. Civil service exams helped identify skilled workers.

d. Civil service exams helped identify skilled workers.

Which describes a difference in the rule of Constantine and Diocletian? a. Constantine appeased foreign invaders by giving them land, while Diocletian went on the offensive to stop the attacks. b. Constantine divided the empire into western and eastern halves, while Diocletian further split the country into four regions. c. Constantine divided the empire and shared emperor duties, while Diocletian reunited the empire and served as sole ruler. d. Constantine reunited the empire and served as sole ruler, while Diocletian divided the empire and shared emperor duties.

d. Constantine reunited the empire and served as sole ruler, while Diocletian divided the empire and shared emperor duties.

Which best explains how Constantinople's location affected economic growth in Byzantine? a. Constantinople's location allowed many people to move there from rural areas and start businesses. b. Constantinople's location allowed many traders to start journeys in search of valuable goods. c. Constantinople's location connected the Eastern and Western Roman empires and brought business. d. Constantinople's location connected Europe with the East and attracted traders with valuable goods.

d. Constantinople's location connected Europe with the East and attracted traders with valuable goods

Which region was not ruled by the Mongol Empire? a. Persia b. Russia c. Asia d. Europe

d. Europe

By 380, the Roman Catholic Church was the official church of the Roman Empire. By 500, parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa were Christian. Based on this map, which modern-day country was the first to embrace Christianity? a. Britain b. Russia c. Poland d. France

d. France

The New Kingdom began under the rule of Ahmose. What did he accomplish that allowed for the emergence of the New Kingdom? a. He ended abuses by provincial governments. b. He initiated new irrigation projects. c. He reunited Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. d. He drove out foreign invaders.

d. He drove out foreign invaders.

How did Hongwu exemplify Confucian ideas? a. He built a strong military of "a thousand chariots." b. He encouraged the employment of men only. c. He encouraged reverent behavior among the people. d. He helped the economy of his country grow.

d. He helped the economy of his country grow.

Which of Diocletian's economic changes helped bring short-term order to Rome? a. He started a new coin system and expanded trade. b. He abolished coins and implemented a barter system. c. He minted more coins and allowed free markets. d. He standardized coins and established fixed prices.

d. He standardized coins and established fixed prices.

How did Muhammad start spreading his message about Islam? a. He wrote the Qur'an. b. He converted the Christians. c. He preached at Mecca. d. He told his friends and family.

d. He told his friends and family.

Whose accounts influenced Western education and culture for thousands of years? a. Zeus b. Athena c. Minos d. Homer

d. Homer

How does this passage reflect Confucian principles? a. It encourages the ideal of equality among groups of people. b. It challenges the distinction between inferiors and superiors. c. It identifies the basis by which people are assigned to different classes. d. It argues that virtuous leaders are important for the creation of an orderly society.

d. It argues that virtuous leaders are important for the creation of an orderly society.

Which statement correctly defines the khanates of the thirteenth century? a. Khanates were officials within the Mongolian government. b. Khanates were independent areas of the Mongol Empire. c. Khanates were royal descendants of Genghis Khan. d. Khanates were territories just outside of Mongolia.

d. Khanates were territories just outside of Mongolia.

What was one of Kublai Khan's achievements? a. Kublai Khan captured the city of Baghdad. b. Kublai Khan united the tribes of Mongolia. c. Kublai Khan founded the Mongol Empire. d. Kublai Khan conquered China.

d. Kublai Khan conquered China.

According to the map, Phoenicia's main city-states were located along the eastern coast of a. Black Sea b. Nile River c. Red Sea d. Mediterranean Sea

d. Mediterranean Sea

Which ruler promoted religious diversity in the Ottoman Empire? a. Suleiman I b. Akbar c. Aurangzeb d. Mehmed II

d. Mehmed II

The Taj Mahal is an example of a. Byzantine architecture. b. Ottoman architecture. c. Gupta architecture. d. Mughal architecture.

d. Mughal architecture.

According to this account, what was the effect of Musa's visit to Cairo? a. Cairo began to flood more than usual. b. More people became interested in Islam. c. People wanted to trade salt and gold to become wealthy. d. Musa's spending resulted in gold becoming less valuable in Cairo.

d. Musa's spending resulted in gold becoming less valuable in Cairo.

At which Jewish holiday would someone eat matzo at a Seder? a. Exodus b. Yom Kippur c. Rosh Hashanah d. Passover

d. Passover

Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were known as the Kingdoms of a. Salt and Silk. b. Jewels and Tea. c. Gold and Jewels. d. Salt and Gold.

d. Salt and Gold.

Which conclusion about sorghum farming is supported by the information presented in the map? a. Sorghum is farmed only in areas where the original Bantu migrated. b. Sorghum farming is only practiced in the original Bantu homeland areas. c. Sorghum is farmed only by Bantus who migrated to the coast. d. Sorghum farming likely spread with the Bantu migration.

d. Sorghum farming likely spread with the Bantu migration.

What long-term economic factors led to the collapse of the Roman Empire? a. Trade opportunities went down, and the middle class rose significantly. b. Trade opportunities went up, and the middle class shrunk significantly. c. Taxes went down, and the gap between the rich and poor decreased. d. Taxes went up, and the gap between the rich and poor increased.

d. Taxes went up, and the gap between the rich and poor increased.

What is one achievement of the Ming Dynasty? a. The Ming Dynasty was the last of the Chinese dynasties, ruling through the 1800s until it was overthrown in a civil war. b. The Forbidden City was destroyed for limiting access to the poor, and its golden bricks were redistributed throughout the city. c. The Ming Dynasty imported all of its tea, silk, and porcelain from around the world; it seldom needed to produce any products of its own. d. The Ming Dynasty produced Zheng He, a skilled navigator whose voyages predated famous Europeans.

d. The Ming Dynasty produced Zheng He, a skilled navigator whose voyages predated famous Europeans.

Which statement best describes the Battle of Thermopylae? a. Three hundred Athenians famously fought to the death. b. The Spartans evacuated, and the Persians burned their city. c. The Greek navy defeated King Darius I at sea, ending the threat. d. The Spartans worked to stop a second Persian invasion of Greece.

d. The Spartans worked to stop a second Persian invasion of Greece.

Which list states events in the rise of Macedonia in the correct chronological order? a. i. Philip II conquered Greece. ii. The Peloponnesian War ended. iii. --Alexander III became king. iv. Athens and Sparta declined. b. i. Alexander III became king. ii. The Peloponnesian War ended. iii. Philip II conquered Greece. iv. Athens and Sparta declined. c. i. Athens and Sparta declined. ii. The Peloponnesian War ended. iii. Alexander III became king. iv. Philip II conquered Greece. d. i. The Peloponnesian War ended. ii. Athens and Sparta declined. iii. Philip II conquered Greece. iv. Alexander III became king.

d. i. The Peloponnesian War ended. ii. Athens and Sparta declined. iii. Philip II conquered Greece. iv. Alexander III became king.

A humanities curriculum is one that a. is taught only in Greek or Latin languages. b. emphasizes military tactics and strategies. c. focuses primarily on religious teachings. d. includes instruction in philosophy and history.

d. includes instruction in philosophy and history.

An important factor that brought changes to the hunter-gatherer way of life was that a. there wasn't enough rain for the crops they planted to grow. b. illness reduced their numbers. c. men began to outnumber women and the number of gatherers declined. d. large prey animals were becoming extinct.

d. large prey animals were becoming extinct.

Which major scientific invention originated during the Tang dynasty? a. gunpowder b. magnetic compass c. jade d. paper money

d. paper money

Which is the best definition of agricultural hearths? a. welcoming entrances to fields where crops were grown b. areas laden with straw used as kindle c. consolidated agricultural farms representing several villages d. places where agriculture developed independently all over the world

d. places where agriculture developed independently all over the world

Which was an achievement of the Roman Empire? a. banning the use of coins b. conquering the world c. starting a civil service d. posting the Twelve Tablets

d. posting the Twelve Table

The Via Appia was one of the earliest Roman a. coliseum. b. novels. c. aqueducts. d. roads.

d. roads.

Which feature of the Roman government is also found in the US government? a. election of all government officials b. limited terms for all government officials c. class limitations to certain branches of government d. separation of powers among different branches of government

d. separation of powers among different branches of government

Who held the most power under Japanese feudalism? a. emperors. b. landowners. c. warriors. d. shoguns.

d. shoguns.

Which feature of Timbuktu helped make it a center of intellectual advances and culture? a. the library b. the mosque c. the museum d. the university

d. the university

What indicates that Christianity and Judaism influenced the development of Islam? a. their mutual belief in many gods b. their similar development of Sharia law c. their common requirement to pray five times each day d. their shared religious beliefs

d. their shared religious beliefs

Pyramids were designed to be a. regional palaces. b. temples. c. government buildings. d. tombs.

d. tombs.

Who ruled the Mycenaeans? a. Egyptians b. tribal leaders c. Cretans d. warrior-kings

d. warrior-kings