World history chapter 29-30

Mao Zedong

(1893-1976) Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976.

What are some examples of civil disobedience led by Mohandas Gandhi?

1. Gandhi started the Dandi March to break the Salt Law in India. 2. Noncooperation 3. Boycotts 4. Strikes and Demonstrations

Mohandas K. Gandhi

1869-1948. Major spiritual and political leader of India and the Indian Peace Movement. Known as "Father of The Nation" in India for his defiance of British government and success in civil rights movement.

Civil Disobedience

A deliberate and public refusal to obey a law considered unjust.

Totalitarianism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

Bolsheviks

A revolutionary group in Russia led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin.

Fourteen Points

A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I.

Armistice

An agreement to stop fighting

Central Powers

Another name for the Triple Alliance

Allies

Another name for the Triple Entente

Why did Mao Zedong undertake the Long March?

Because Mao and other Communist parties were retreating from the Kuomintang.

Joseph Stalin

Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953.

What were the characteristics of trench warfare?

Characteristics of trench warfare are:muddy, terrain covered with bodies, soldiers fighting in terrible conditions, rats, depression, rain, and soldiers full of rain.

Total War

Countries devoting all of their resources to the war effort

Triple Entente

France, Russia, and Great Britain

Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

Why did the Russian provisional government fail?

It failed to enact land reforms demanded by the peasantry

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of the Bolshevik (later Communist) Party. He lived in exile in Switzerland until 1917, then returned to Russia to lead the Bolsheviks to victory during the Russian Revolution and the civil war that followed

How did nationalism, imperialism, and militarism help set the stage for World War I?

Nationalism can serve as a unifying force within a country. Imperialism in their sense of rivalry and mistrust of one another deepened. Militarism is having military power and keeping an army prepared for war. The countries in Europe were proud of their military strength and industrial leadership, believing that each were the strongest and best country.

Soviet

One of the local representative councils formed in Russia after the downfall of Czar Nicholas II.

How did World War I lead to the downfall of Tsar Nicholas II?

Reoccurring defeats in battle, death of many soldiers, low troop morale, food shortages which lead to strikes/riots.

How did Joseph Stalin create a totalitarian state in the Soviet Union?

Stalin used fear, eliminating his competition, controlling education, are just some ways he created totalitarian.

Why was the Balkans known as "the powder keg of Europe"?

The Balkans was known as the "powder keg of Europe" because they had a long history of nationalists uprising and ethic clashes.

What factors prompted the United States to enter the war?

The factor that prompted the United States to enter the war because of Germany's policy of unrestricted submarine warfare. Germany sunk the British passenger ship Lusitania, killing 125 Americans, and Germany asked mexico to attack the US.

Why was the first Battle of Marne considered so significant?

The first battle of the Marne was considered so significant because Germans left the Schieffen plan in ruins and a quick victory in the west no longer seemed possible.

What are the key traits of Totalitarianism?

The key traits of a totalitarian state are Ideology, Dynamic Leader, State control of individuals, Methods of Enforcement, Modern Technology, State Control of Society, Dictatorship, and One-party rule.

Why did the peasants align themselves with the Chinese Communists?

The people of China were given no choice but to be part of the Communist party.

What was the purpose of the Gallipoli campaign?

The purpose of the Galipoli Campaign was a strategic attempt to open a sea route to the Black Sea to aid Russia in WW1. To do this the Allies had to secure the seaway from land based artillery.

What was the purpose of the League of Nations?

The purpose of the League of Nations was to be an international association to keep peace among the nations.

Treaty of Versailles

The resolution between Germany and the Allied powers