World Regional Geography: Chapter 1

A common tool for analyzing place is the concept of a) the geographic region b) the cultural landscape c) spatial regionalism d) areal differentiation e) systematic differentiation

b

A map has a scale of 1/100,000. Which of the following statements is correct if you had a second map with a scale of 1/2500? A) the map with a scale of 1/2500 would cover more surface area and have better detail than the one scaled at 1/100,000 B) the map with a scale of 1/2500 would cover less surface area but have better detail than the one scaled at 1/100,000 C) the map with a scale of 1/2500 would cover more surface area but have less detail than the one scaled at 1/100,000 D) the map with a scale of 1/2500 would cover less surface area and have less detail than the one scaled at 1/100,000 E) the map with a scale of 1/2500 would cover the same surface area and have the same level of detail as the one scaled at 1/100,000

b

A GIS stands for A) Global Initiative Systems B) Geographic Institute Study C) Global Investigative Security D) Geographic Information Systems E) Global Information Systems

d

All of the following are arguments against globalization, EXCEPT A) globalization is not a "natural" process. B) globalization is a policy promoted by free-trade advocates, capitalist countries, and multinational firms, all of which benefit from the process. C) policies of globalization increase the differences between rich and poor in the world. D) globalization will lead to the use of nuclear weapons. E) globalization is dangerously unstable.

d

If a country is experiencing a negative net migration rate, then A) more people are moving to the country than leaving it. B) the number of people leaving the country is equal to the number moving there. C) more people are dying in the country than are being born. D) more people are leaving the country than moving to it. E) a negative net migration rate does not tell us anything.

d

In the Demographic Transition Model which of the following statements is TRUE? A) Stage 1 has a low birth rate but a high death rate B) Stage 2 has a low RNI C) Stage 3 has a lower birth rate than death rate D) Stage 4 has a low RNI E) Stages 1 and 4 both have low death rates

d

One inch equals one mile, or 1/63,360. If your map scale was "one inch equals seven miles" what would be the representative fraction? A) 1/7 B) 1/7000 C) 1/63,360 D) 1/63,360 times seven E) 1/443,520

d

The UN definition of extreme poverty means one is living on less than how much per day? A) $3.10 B) $1.00 C) $20.00 D) $1.90 E) $0.35

d

Boko Haram is most often associated with which nation? A) Nigeria B) Iraq C) South Africa D) Pakistan E) Kurdistan

a

By 2025, demographers predict that what percentage of the world will be urbanized? A) about 60% B) approximately 30% C) about 53% D) a little less than 70% E) almost 90%

a

How do the authors of your text define globalization? A) the growing interconnectedness of people and places through converging processes of economic, political, and cultural change B) the spread of McDonald's throughout the world C) the trend toward international trade agreements among the countries of the world D) the pattern of increasing telephone and Internet connections around the world E) the growth of international and supranational organizations uniting the world's people

a

In which stage(s) of the Demographic Transition are birthrates and death rates both high? A) Stage 1 B) Stages 2 and 4 C) Stages 2 and 3 D) Stages 3 and 4 E) Stages 1 and 4

a

On which of the following latitudes (parallels) is the Equator? A) 0° B) 66.5N° C) 23.5N° D) 23.5S° E) 66.5S°

a

Small-scale maps cover ________ areas than large-scale maps. A) larger B) smaller C) the same D) larger and smaller E) it cannot be determined

a

The former French colonial empire was largely located on which continent? A) Africa B) Asia C) Australia D) North America E) South America

a

The term "Third World" was originally a product of which of the following? A) the Cold War B) World War II C) the Kyoto Protocol D) a United Nations ruling E) asymmetrical warfare associated with terrorism

a

What does a total fertility rate of 2.1 indicate? A) that a population is at its replacement rate B) that a population is growing slowly C) that a population is growing quickly D) that a population has reached its peak E) A TFR that is less than 2.1 has no particular significance.

a

What is a universalizing religion? A) a religion that attempts to appeal to all peoples regardless of location or culture B) a metaphysical religion that seeks inner peace through contact with extraterrestrial beings C) a religion that seeks to identify the common elements of all religions of the world in order to bring worldwide religious unity D) a global movement to promote interfaith cooperation, similar to the United Nations E) All of the other answers are definitions of a universalizing religion.

a

What is cultural syncretism? A) the blending of cultural forces to form a new, synergistic for of culture B) the adoption of popular culture by a local ethnic group C) the replacement of local cultural traditions with popular culture D) the rejection of popular culture by a local ethnic group E) the elimination of local cultures caused by the spread of popular culture

a

What is one of the best indicators of the momentum for continued population growth? A) the youthfulness of a population B) the death rate of a population C) the average life expectancy of a population D) the death rate and the average life expectancy

a

What nation would be classified as part of the "core" using the core-periphery model? A) United States B) South Africa C) Vietnam D) Nigeria E) Philippines

a

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of culture? A) It is individual. B) It is learned. C) It is shared. D) It has abstract dimensions. E) It has material dimensions.

a

Which of the following is NOT likely to be reflected in the "Under age 5 mortality indicator"? A) heart disease B) food availability C) basic health services D) public sanitation E) infant deaths

a

Which of the following pair of religions are most closely related to Judaism? A) Christianity and Islam B) Hinduism and Sikhism C) Shinto and Buddhism D) Animism and Zoroastrianism E) Taoism and Confucianism

a

Which of the following would be an example of a functional region? a) the American Rust Belt b) Africa c) Flemish-speaking regions of Belgium d) the Hindu areas of Nepal e) the Rocky Mountains

a

Which of the following countries does (or do) NOT fit the north-south division of the coreperiphery model? A) Russia B) Singapore C) France D) United States E) Germany

a and b

Based on your readings about population pyramids AND the Demographic Transition Model, which of the following nations is likely represented by a population pyramid with a fairly uniform shape (rectangle) A) Bangladesh B) Germany C) Pakistan D) China E) Nigeria

b

Based on your readings about the Demographic Transition, which of the following nations would likely be in Stage 4 of the model? A) India B) United States C) Bangladesh D) Mexico E) Pakistan

b

In the Demographic Transition Model which of the following statements is FALSE? A) Stage 1 has a high birth rate AND a high death rate B) Stage 2 has a low RNI C) Stage 3 has a higher birth rate than death rate D) Stage 4 has a low death rate E) Stages 1 and 4 both have low RNI

b

The close link between geography and politics is called A) political science B) geopolitics C) comparative politics D) international relations E) geomorphology

b

The nations with the greatest percent of foreign direct investment (FDI) tend to be located in which world region? A) North America B) Africa C) Europe D) South America E) East Asia

b

What is colonialism? A) the temporary occupation of another country B) the formal establishment of rule over a foreign population C) the establishment of trade relations with another country D) the introduction of popular consumer culture in a traditional society E) All of the other answers are definitions of colonialism.

b

What type of region is defined by a certain activity taking place there? a) formal region b) functional region c) areal integration d) areal differentiation e) vernacular region

b

Which of the following groups is most likely to disrupt local ecosystems as they search for natural resources and manufacturing sites? A) governments B) transnational firms C) indigenous ethnic groups D) international organizations such as the United Nations E) non-governmental organizations, such as Greenpeace

b

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the relationship between Gross National Income (GNI) and purchasing power parity (PPP)? A) the higher the GNI, the higher the PPP B) a high GNI may not translate into strong PPP due to the enormous cost difference between goods in two different nations C) GNI is inversely proportional to the PPP D) a nation with a low GNI will almost always have an even weaker PPP E) GNI will always be higher in developed nations, but PPP will always be stronger in developing nations

b

Which statement best describes the middle position with respect to globalization? A) globalization can be stopped by protective trade tariffs to protect national industries B) globalization is inevitable but can be managed to reduce inequities C) globalization seeks to ensure an absolute equality among all global nations D) globalization needs for powerful international institutions such as the World Bank to be eliminated so as to level the playing field E) management of globalization is impossible and should therefore proceed unchecked

b

1/43,000 is an example of what style of map scale expression? A) linear B) graphic C) representative fraction D) written E) projection

c

According to the core-periphery model, where are the richest nations in the world mostly located? A) Southern Hemisphere B) Western Hemisphere C) Northern Hemisphere D) Eastern Hemisphere E) on the equator

c

Approximately how many of the earth's people are Muslim? A) 500 million B) 1.3 billion C) 1.8 billion D) 2.4 billion E) 2.8 billion

c

Ayak and Leni are both citizens of Peru. Ayak speaks Quechua and Leni speaks Aymara, both languages native to Peru but mutually unintelligible. If Ayak meets Leni they will speak in Spanish, which came with the colonial conquest. Spanish is an example of A) a dialect B) cultural syncretism C) a lingua franca D) a hybrid language E) an universal language

c

In which two stages of the Demographic Transition is the rate of natural increase (RNI) high? A) Stage 1 and Stage 3 B) Stage 1 and Stage 4 C) Stage 2 and Stage 3 D) Stage 2 and Stage 4 E) Stage 3 and Stage 4

c

Mali is a former French colony in West Africa. It has been independent since 1960 but remains heavily dependent upon France for financial assistance, and often has to yield to French geopolitical decisions to get aid from France. Mali suffers from a textbook case of A) revolution B) geopolitics C) neocolonialism D) decolonialization E) insurgency

c

The Nigeria population pyramid is indicative of A) slow growth B) zero growth C) rapid growth D) negative growth E) a country with very few children

c

The world population is estimated to grow to what size by 2050? A) 700 million B) 7.4 billion C) 9.8 billion D) 200 billion E) over 2 trillion

c

What is a nation-state? A) a large cultural group with many different sociocultural traits and its own fully independent political territory B) a large cultural group that possesses a homeland within a larger country C) a large group of people with shared sociocultural traits and a political identity with clear territorial boundaries D) a cultural group with shared sociocultural traits that poses a homeland within a larger country E) a country that has two or more states, for example, the U.S.

c

Which nation below has the highest Human Development Index (HDI)? A) India B) China C) United States D) Russia E) Mexico

c

Which of the following is NOT a member of the Indo-European language family? A) English B) Spanish C) Chinese D) Hindi E) Bengali

c

The United States population pyramid is indicative of A) rapid growth B) a nation with large numbers of young children C) a nation in Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model D) slow growth E) a nation in Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model

d

The active promotion of one cultural system at the expense of another is called A) cultural nationalism. B) cultural assimilation. C) cultural syncretization. D) cultural imperialism. E) cultural hybridization.

d

The focus of terrorism prior to September 11, 2001 A) was overwhelmingly due to a response to religious persecution B) was random in its selection of targets C) exclusively targeted poor, developing nations D) was directed at local targets by committed insurgents with local goals E) was largely the domain of Islamic rebels

d

The focus on a specific topic or theme as opposed to analyzing a place or region is known as a) physical geography b) human geography c) aerial geography d) thematic geography e) regional geography

d

These lines run east-west around the globe and are used to locate places north and south of the equator. A) meridians B) longitude C) meridians and longitude D) parallels E) Prime Meridians

d

What is the distinctive form of a language that is associated with different regions? A) lingua franca B) official language C) language group D) dialect E) language family

d

What is the major underlying assumption of the core-periphery model? A) that the wealth of the developed core will eventually diffuse to the less developed periphery B) that the different levels of development between the core and the periphery are caused by the relative levels of natural resources in each area C) that the less developed periphery will eventually revolt against the wealthier core D) that the developed core achieved its wealth primarily by taking advantage of the southern periphery, through either colonialism or imperialism E) that the core and periphery will work together to eliminate uneven development

d

What is the process of a colony's gaining (or regaining) control over its territory and establishing a separate, independent government? A) revolution B) imperialism C) colonization D) decolonialization E) autonomy

d

What is the term for the measure of the fertility of a statistically fictitious yet average group of women moving through their childbearing years? A) rate of natural increase (RNI) B) crude birthrate (CBR) C) infant mortality rate D) total fertility rate (TFR) E) life expectancy

d

What was the population of the Earth (as of the book's publication)? A) over 7 million B) 670 million C) nearly 2 billion D) over 7.4 billion E) nearly 2 trillion

d

Which nation below has the greatest percentage of its population living below the UN defined global poverty line? A) India B) China C) United States D) Russia E) Mexico

d

Which nation has the highest RNI? A) China B) India C) Pakistan D) Nigeria E) Russia

d

Which of the following groups of people is a nation without a state? A) Turks B) Kazakhs C) Azeris D) Kurds E) Estonians

d

Which of the following pairs are ethnic religions? A) Judaism and Christianity B) Hinduism and Islam C) Mormonism and Islam D) Judaism and Hinduism E) Christianity and Islam

d

Which of the following regions has the highest population density? A) North America B) Australia C) Africa D) South Asia E) Russia

d

You are at the Tropic of Capricorn. You are sailing to the Arctic Circle. How many degrees latitude will you need to sail? A) 23.5 degrees B) 43 degrees C) 66.5 degrees D) 90 degrees E) 180 degrees

d

You are making a map of population density per state. You are wanting to color-code each state a different shade of blue, with dark blue indicating high density and light blue low density. Which type of map would you generate to display the data? A) thematic B) regional C) aerial D) choropleth E) graphic

d

All of the following are arguments in favor of globalization, EXCEPT A) globalization is a logical expression of international capitalism that will benefit all peoples and all nations. B) globalization encourages the spread of beneficial new technologies and ideas. C) the removal of trade barriers will cause inefficient local industries to become more efficient, and more able to compete internationally. D) each country and region of the world will profit by concentrating on the activities for which they are best suited in the global economy. E) globalization will lead to world peace.

e

An agreed-upon common language to facilitate communication on specific topics such as business is called a(n) A) dialect. B) official language. C) language group. D) language family. E) lingua franca.

e

Based on your readings about population pyramids AND the Demographic Transition Model, which of the following nations is likely represented by a pyramid with a broad base and narrow top? A) United States B) Japan C) Russia D) China E) Nigeria

e

In which century did the majority of the nations of Africa and Asia gained independence from their European colonial masters? A) 16th century B) 17th century C) 18th century D) 19th century E) 20th century

e

In which of the following cases will the total fertility rate (TFR) be highest? A) when women marry early and have one or two children B) when women marry in their late 30s, and then have children C) when women marry in their late 20s, then have several children D) when women marry early, have children, then die in their late 20s E) when women marry early and have many children over a long span of years

e

In which two Stages of the Demographic Transition are the RNI low? A) Stages 1 and 2 B) Stages 2 and 3 C) Stages 3 and 4 D) Stages 1 and 3 E) Stages 1 and 4

e

Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model will be characterized by A) high birth rate, low death rate, low RNI B) low birth rate, low death rate, low RNI C) high birth rate, high death rate, low RNI D) low birth rate, high death rate, negative RNI E) high birth rate, low death rate, high RNI

e

The process of defending a cultural system against offensive cultural expressions from elsewhere, while promoting local cultural values is called A) cultural imperialism. B) cultural assimilation. C) cultural syncretization. D) cultural hybridization. E) cultural nationalism.

e

What do most scholars agree is the most significant component of globalization? a) climate change b) political transition around the planet c) international terrorism d) cultural hybridization e) economic reorganization of the world

e

What measure of migration tells whether more people are entering or leaving a country? A) RNI B) refugee rate C) emigration rate D) immigration rate E) net migration rate

e

Which of the following is NOT shown in a population pyramid? A) a general, graphic indication of the growth rate B) males in the population C) females in the population D) age distribution of the population E) birth and death rates

e

Which of the following organizations is NOT linked to globalization? A) the IMF B) the World Trade Organization C) the World Bank D) the UN E) the Red Cross

e

Which of the following pairs are universalizing religions? A) Buddhism and Hinduism B) Judaism and Buddhism C) Christianity and Hinduism D) Islam and Hinduism E) Christianity and Islam

e

Why are "growth" and "development" NOT interchangeable terms? A) "Growth" normally refers to improvements, while "development" usually refers to an increase in the size of a system. B) "Growth" normally refers to the economic system, while "development" normally refers to the political system in a country. C) "Growth" normally refers to the standard of living, while "development" normally refers to the economic system in a country. D) "Growth" normally refers to the increase in agricultural output, while "development" usually refers to the improvement in the educational system of a country. E) "Growth" normally refers to increase in the size of the system, while "development" usually refers to improvements.

e

You are at the South Pole. How many degrees north do you need to travel to arrive at the North Pole? A) 23.5 degrees B) 43 degrees C) 66.5 degrees D) 90 degrees E) 180 degrees

e