1.12 Unit Test : Scientific Principles of Crime Investigation
A student measures the length of a 1.00 m standard bar. He obtains measurements of 0.90 m, 1.10 m, and 1.15 m. Which describes his measurements?
accurate but not precise
A woman claims to have been assaulted by three men. Evidence was collected from the victim. Statements were taken from each of the three suspects and the victim. DNA samples were also collected from each person. The suspects were arrested and charged with the crime. The case proceeded to trial. Which was the role of forensic scientists in this scenario?
collecting evidence from the victim and the suspects
A man was robbed in an alley outside a busy restaurant. He was assaulted with a baseball bat that was left at the scene. There were bloody foot prints leading away from him. He was treated by paramedics and taken to a hospital. Two witnesses saw the robbery. The suspect fled the scene, but was apprehended. His bloody shoes were taken for evidence. Which task should be done by forensic scientists?
conduct tests to compare the bloody footprints with the shoes and match the blood
Who initially determines the time of death at a crime scene?
coroner's assistant
The body of a man is lying in a pool of blood near the refrigerator in his kitchen. There is blood spatter on the refrigerator, its corresponding wall, and an adjacent wall. The kitchen doors shows evidence of a break-in with shattered glass and a broken door frame. Which type of sketch should the sketch artist use to best convey all of the information?
cross-projection sketch
Firing a bullet into a pig carcass to compare the damage to a human body would be an example of which scientific process in forensic science?
experimenting
Which principle is the basis of the rule that each time a new crime scene is recorded a completely new tape or disc must be used?
incorrect
Which is a base unit in SI?
kilogram
Which is best used to easily gather information for a three dimensional reconstruction of the crime scene?
laser scanning device
Which is the first duty of a first responder after arriving at a crime scene?
render aid and assistance
A witness is scheduled to testify about a new unpublished procedure for detecting gases from dead bodies. The judge summarily rules that the witness cannot testify because the procedure has not been accepted by the scientific community. Which precedent is this ruling based on?
Frye standard
What was the contribution of Henry Goddard to forensic science?
he refined the process of comparing bullets to make ballistic comparisons
Who is most responsible for securing a crime scene?
police officer
Which describes the activity of an arson investigator?
reconstructing an explosion or fire
A red truck hits a blue car at an intersection. The red truck leaves the scene. Witnesses identify the make and partial license plate number of the truck. Days later, police stop the driver of a red truck for possibly driving while under the influence of alcohol. The truck has a damaged front, and the license plate shows a match to the partial numbers. For which should the forensic scientist look that fully demonstrates Locard's principle?
red paint of the blue car, blue paint of the red truck, and damage marks that match each vehicle
Which best describes the role of a crime scene investigator at a crime scene?
searches for evidence
The crime scene photographer most directly complements which crime scene investigator in documenting the crime scene?
sketch artist
A child was abducted from a local restaurant. Police closed the restaurant while they processed the scene for evidence. As they neared the end of processing the crime scene, another child was abducted in a park, not far away. Some of the evidence from the two scenes appears similar, but other evidence is different. Police want to keep the restaurant closed and look for new evidence later if the investigation suggests they should. Which statement is true?
the police need a search warrant to continue searching the restaurant, according to Mincey vs. Arizona