123

94. When giving instructions to a parent whose child has scabies, what should the nurse include?

. Be prepared for symptoms to last 2 to 3 weeks.

75. The nurse is caring for a pediatric client diagnosed with eczema. Which topical medication order does the nurse anticipate for this client?

1. Corticosteroids

88. A pediatric client is hospitalized with a severe case of impetigo contagiosa. Which antibiotic does the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider will order for this client?

1. Dicloxacillin (Pathocil)

81. The nurse is providing education to the parents of a pediatric client who is diagnosed with tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp). Which statement made the parents indicates an appropriate understanding of the teaching session?

4. We will give the griseofulvin with milk or peanut butter.

The school nurse is conducting pediculosis capitis (head lice) checks. Which findings would indicate a positive head check?

4. White sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area

57. Which is an advantage of peritoneal dialysis?

D. Parents and older children can perform treatments

63. What should be administered to a child with tetanus?

D. Tetanus immunoglobulin therapy.

54. The nurse is admitting a newborn with hypospadias to the nursery. The nurse expects which finding in this newborn?

D. The urethral opening is along the ventral surface of the penis.

49. A mother asks the nurse what would be the first indication that acute glomerulonephritis is improving. The nurse's best response should be that the:

D. urinary output will increase

42. The nurse closely monitors the temperature of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. The purpose of this assessment is to detect an early sign of which possible complication?

INFECTION

83. What should the nurse explain about ringworm?

It is spread by both direct and indirect contact

The nurse is teaching a class on preventing diaper rash in newborns to a group of new parents. Which of the following statements made by a parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

a. "I should wash my infant's buttocks with soap and water every time I change the diaper."

27. The nurse is admitting a child with a Wilms tumor. Which is the initial assessment finding associated with this tumor?

a. Abdominal swelling

14. In which condition are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed?

a. Aplastic anemia

66. Latex allergy is suspected in a child with spina bifida. Appropriate nursing interventions include which action?

a. Avoid using any latex product.

25. A school-age child with leukemia experienced severe nausea and vomiting when receiving chemotherapy for the first time. What is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent or minimize these reactions with subsequent treatments?

b. Give an antiemetic before chemotherapy begins.

20. Which is the usual presenting symptom for testicular cancer?

b. Hard, painless mass

70. The nurse is caring for a family whose infant was just born with anencephaly. What is the most important nursing intervention?

b. Help the family cope with the birth of an infant with a fatal defect

92. The primary treatment for warts is which of the following?

b. Local destruction

73. The nurse should suspect a child has cerebral palsy (CP) if the parent says what?

b. My 4-month-old doesn't lift his head when on his tummy

9. A child with sickle cell anemia (SCA) develops severe chest and back pain, fever, a cough, and dyspnea. What should be the first action by the nurse?

b. Notify the practitioner because chest syndrome is suspected.

8. The nurse is caring for a neonate born with a myelomeningocele. Surgery to repair the defect is scheduled the next day. Which describes the most appropriate way to position and feed this neonate?

b. Prone, head turned to side, and nipple-fed

16. Which is caused by a virus that primarily infects a specific subset of T lymphocytes, the CD4+ T cells?

c. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

53. The parent of a child hospitalized with acute glomerulonephritis asks the nurse why blood pressure readings are being taken so often. What knowledge should influence the nurses reply

c. Acute hypertension is a concern that requires monitoring.

89. Cellulitis is often caused by:

d. Streptococcus or Staphylococcus organisms.

Treatment of psoriasis often involves which of the following?

d. Tar and exposure to sunlight and ultraviolet light

77. Which of the following is an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid?

d. Vesicle

91. Warts are caused by which of the following?

d. Virus

59. The nurse is preparing to admit a newborn with myelomeningocele to the neonatal intensive care nursery. Which describes this newborn's defect?

d. Visible defect with an external saclike protrusion containing meninges, spinal fluid, and nerves

84. A child falls on the playground and has a small laceration on the forearm. The school nurse should do which of the following to cleanse the wound?

d. Wash wound gently with mild soap and water for several minutes.

69. A recommendation to prevent neural tube defects (NTDs) is the supplementation of what?

b. Folic acid for all women of childbearing age

82. Ringworm, frequently found in schoolchildren, is caused by which of the following?

b. Fungus

41. Which is instituted for the therapeutic management of minimal change nephrotic syndrome?

A. Corticosteroids

60. The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on common problems associated with myelomeningocele. Which common problem is associated with this defect?

A. Hydrocephalus

72 The nurse is planning a staff in-service on childhood spastic cerebral palsy. What characterizes spastic cerebral palsy?

A. Hypertonicity and poor control of posture, balance, and coordinated motion

61. The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about newborns born with the congenital defect of myelomeningocele. Which common problem is associated with this defect?

A. Neurogenic bladder

36. Which should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?

A. Wear cotton underpants

47. Which best describes acute glomerulonephritis?

B, occurs after a streptococcal infection

31. A young boy will receive a bone marrow transplant (BMT). This is possible because one of his older siblings is a histocompatible donor. Which is this type of BMT called?

Allogenic

58. The nurse is conducting teaching for an adolescent being discharged to home after a renal transplant. The adolescent needs further teaching if which statement is made?

B. "I am glad I only have to take the immunosuppressant medication for two weeks."

52. What measure of fluid balance status is most useful in a child with acute glomerulonephritis?

B. Daily Weight

48. A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse should expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show:

B. Hematuria, proteinuria

55. The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on newborn defects of the genitourinary system. Which describes the narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin?

B. Phimosis

40. Which is an objective of care for a 10-year-old child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome?

B. Reduce excretion of urinary protein

35. The nurse is teaching parents about prevention of urinary tract infections in children. Which factor predisposes the urinary tract to infection?

B. Short urethra in young girls

56. A school-age child with chronic renal failure is admitted to the hospital with a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Which prescribed medication should the nurse plan to administer?

B. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)

50. The nurse is teaching the parent about the diet of a child experiencing severe edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching?

C. "You will need to avoid adding salt to your child's food."

46. The nurse is admitting a school-age child in acute renal failure with reduced glomerular filtration rate. Which urine test is the most useful clinical indication of glomerular filtration rate? C. Creatinine

C. Creatinine

51. Which is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for the child with acute glomerulonephritis?

C. Fluid Volume Excess related to decreased plasma filtration

30. An adolescent will receive a bone marrow transplant (BMT). The nurse should explain that the bone marrow will be administered by which route?

C. Iv Administration

3. What explanation provides the rationale for why iron-deficiency anemia is common during infancy?

a. Cows milk is a poor source of iron.

28. The nurse is teaching nursing students about childhood nervous system tumors. Which best describes a neuroblastoma?

a. Diagnosis is usually made after metastasis occurs

12. A school-age child is admitted in vasoocclusive sickle cell crisis (pain episode). The childs care should include which therapeutic interventions?

a. Hydration and pain management

95. Which of the following is usually the only symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice)?

a. Itching

26. In teaching parents how to minimize or prevent bleeding episodes when the child is myelosuppressed, the nurse includes what information?

a. Meticulous mouth care is essential to avoid mucositis.

87. Impetigo ordinarily results in which of the following?

a. No scarring

5. Parents of a child with sickle cell anemia ask the nurse, "What happens to the hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia?" Which statement by the nurse explains the disease process?

a. Normal adult hemoglobin is replaced by abnormal hemoglobin

76. Which of the following is a firm, palpable, circumscribed elevation of the skin less than 1 cm in diameter?

a. Papule

The nurse is examining 12-month-old Amy, who was brought to the clinic for persistent diaper rash. The nurse finds perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds. This is most likely caused by which of the following?

b. Candida albicans

62. The nurse is caring for an infant with myelomeningocele scheduled for surgical closure in the morning. Which intervention should the nurse plan for the care of the myelomeningocele sac?

b. Covered with a sterile, moist, nonadherent dressing

90. Lymphangitis ("streaking") is frequently seen in:

a. cellulitis

39. What urine test result is considered abnormal?

a. pH 4.0

68. How much folic acid is recommended for women of childbearing age?

b. 0.4 mg

19. What childhood cancer may demonstrate patterns of inheritance that suggest a familial basis?

b. Retinoblastoma

34. What childhood cancer may demonstrate patterns of inheritance that suggest a familial basis?

b. Retinoblastoma

6. What condition occurs when the normal adult hemoglobin is partly or completely replaced by abnormal hemoglobin?

b. Sickle cell anemia

33. Which expected appearance will the nurse explain to parents of an infant returning from surgery after

b. The face may be edematous or ecchymotic.

21. What type of chemotherapeutic agent alters the function of cells by replacing a hydrogen atom of a molecule?

c. Alkylating agents

86. Impetego contagiosa teaching during and after infection (effect on skin) Which of the following is an important nursing consideration when caring for a child with impetigo contagiosa?

c. Carefully wash hands and maintain cleanliness when caring for an infected child.

The nurse should know that Lyme disease is which of the following?

c. Caused by a spirochete that enters the skin through a tick bite

13. In a child with sickle cell anemia (SCA), adequate hydration is essential to minimize sickling and delay the vasoocclusion and hypoxiaischemia cycle. What information should the nurse share with parents in a teaching plan?

c. Check for moist mucous membranes

7. The parents of a child with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are concerned about subsequent children having the disease. What statement most accurately reflects inheritance of SCA?

c. Each sibling has a 25% chance of having SCA.

67. The nurse is reviewing prenatal vitamin supplements with an expectant client. Which supplement should be included in the teaching?

c. Folic acid for all women of childbearing age

32. What is the most common clinical manifestation(s) of brain tumors in children?

c. Headaches and vomiting

8. The clinical manifestations of sickle cell anemia (SCA) are primarily the result of which physiologic alteration?

c. Increased red blood cell (RBC) destruction

10. The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on sickle cell anemia. Which describes the pathologic changes of sickle cell anemia?

c. Increased red blood cell destruction occurs.

1. A mother states that she brought her child to the clinic because the 3-year-old girl was not keeping up with her siblings. During physical assessment, the nurse notes that the child has pale skin and conjunctiva and has muscle weakness. The hemoglobin on admission is 6.4 g/dl. After notifying the practitioner of the results, what nursing priority intervention should occur next?

c. Minimize energy expenditure to decrease cardiac workload

80. Nursing care of the infant with atopic dermatitis focuses on which of the following?

c. Preventing infection

93. Which of the following is the primary clinical manifestation of scabies?

c. Pruritus

2. The nurse is planning activity for a 4-year-old child with anemia. Which activity should the nurse plan for this child?

c. Puppet play in the child's room

44. The nurse is teaching a child experiencing severe edema associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome about his diet. The nurse should discuss what dietary need?

c. Restricting fluids

85. A child steps on a nail and sustains a puncture wound of the foot. Which of the following is the most appropriate method for cleansing this wound?

c. Soak foot in warm water and soap.

37. The nurse is teaching a client to prevent future urinary tract infections (UTIs). What factor is most important to emphasize as the potential cause?

c. Urinary stasis

17. Parents of a hemophiliac child ask the nurse, "Can you describe hemophilia to us?" Which response by the nurse is descriptive of most cases of hemophilia?

c. X-linked recessive inherited disorder in which a blood-clotting factor is deficient

78. A flat, brown mole less than 1 cm in diameter would be called a:

c. macule.

74. A father calls the clinic nurse because his 2-year-old child was bitten by a black widow spider. The nurse should advise the father to:

c. take child to emergency department.

65. The nurse is talking to a parent with a child who has a latex allergy. Which statement by the parent would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

d. "My child should not eat bananas or kiwis."

The nurse is talking to the parents of a child with pediculosis capitis. Which of the following should the nurse include when explaining how to manage pediculosis capitis?

d. "You will need to remove nits with an extra-fine tooth comb or tweezers."

79. Atopic dermatitis (eczema) in the infant is which of the following?

d. Associated with allergy with a hereditary tendency

4. What statement best describes iron deficiency anemia in infants?

d. Clinical manifestations are related to a reduction in the amount of oxygen available to tissues.

22. What chemotherapeutic agent is classified as an antitumor antibiotic?

d. Daunorubicin

29. Which is a common clinical manifestation of Hodgkin disease?

d. Enlarged, firm, nontender lymph nodes

38. What recommendation should the nurse make to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young girls?

d. Ensure clear liquid intake of 2 L/day.

71. The nurse is conducting reflex testing on infants at a well-Eural child clinic. Which reflex finding should be reported as abnormal and considered as a possible sign of cerebral palsy?

d. Extensor reflex at 7 months of age

24. The parents of a child with cancer tell the nurse that a bone marrow transplant (BMT) may be necessary. What information should the nurse recognize as important when discussing this with the family?

d. Finding a suitable donor involves matching antigens from the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system.

15. For children who do not have a matched sibling bone marrow donor, the therapeutic management of aplastic anemia includes what intervention?

d. Immunosuppressive therapy

18. Which immunization should not be given to a child receiving chemotherapy for cancer?

d. Measles, rubella, mumps

11. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect when a child with sickle cell anemia experiences an acute vasoocclusive crisis?

d. Painful swelling of hands and feet; painful joints

23. Total-body irradiation is indicated for what reason?

d. Preparation for bone marrow transplant

43. What laboratory finding, in conjunction with the presenting symptoms, indicates minimal change nephrotic syndrome?

d. Reduced serum albumin

45. A child is admitted for minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). The nurse recognizes that the childs prognosis is related to what factor?

d. Response to steroid therapy