12.4 Unions
Focused on promoting the interests f skilled workers
American Federation Of Labor:
A man was arrested that was a member of Knights of Labor so that hurt the Knight;s reputation
Why did the riot had to a steady decline in membership in the KoL?
A few supported anarchism, which means they believe that the society does not need any government
Why did unions suffer from the perception that they we un-American?
To fight for better wages and working conditions but had few successes
Why did workers form unions?
Hoping to improve wages, hours, and working conditions
Why did workers join unions?
Government would seize all private property and create a socialist society where wealth was clearly divided
According to Mark, what would happen after "the revolution"?
a person in which a third party helps workers and employers reach an agreement
Arbitration:
a list of "troublemakers"
Blacklist:
the companies could only hire union members
Closed Shops:
to be composed of, made up of, or formed from
Constituted:
a rise in the value of money
Deflation:
Employers generally viewed unions as conspiracies that interfered with property rights. Business leaders particularly opposed industrial unions, which united all workers in a particular industry
Why were businesses against unions?
customer buying power will increase
Even though companies were cutting wages (reducing the amount the paid their employees) prices on the goods they were selling were falling even faster. How does this process make a customer's "buying power" increase?
Communist
Eventually, he believed that state would disappear, leaving a ____________ society where classes did not exist
He sent federal troops to Martinsburg, Baltimore, Pittsburg, and elsewhere
How did president Hayes respond?
united all workers in a particular industry
Industrial Union:
formal court order, directing the union to halt the boycott
Injunction:
Locked workers out of the property and refused to pay workers
Lockouts:
Argued that that basic force shaping capitalist society was the class struggle between workers and owners
Marxism:
group of workers who join together to protect their interests
Trade Union:
Businesses
Was the Pullman Strike a victory for unions and businesses?
When Baltimore and Ohio Railroad announced it was cutting wages for the third time
What caused the strike?
Wanted to organize all workers according to industry, without making distinctions between skilled and unskilled workers
What did the Industrial Workers of the World hope to do?
They arranged for U.S. mail cars to be attached to the Pullman cars
What dud railroad managers do to break the strike?
Craft orders had special skills and training and received higher wages. Common laborers had few skills and lower wages.
What is the difference between craft and common laborers?
It as difficult, they had to perform dull, repetitive tasks in working conditions that were unhealthy and dangerous
What life like for workers in the late 1800s and early 1900s?
The Laurence Strike
What was the IWW's greatest victory?
Get eight-hour workday
What was the goal of the strikes?
More than 100 people lay dead, and over $10 million in railroad property had been destroyed. It alarmed many Americans and pointed to the need for more peaceful means to settle labor disputes
What was the outcome of the strike?
An eight-hour workday and supported equal pay for women, the abolition of child labor, and the creation of worker-owned factories
What were some of the KoL's goals?
Their strikers were successful, reverse wages, and increase their members
What were the KoL able to accomplish?
Her persuasiveness as a public speaker made her a very successful organizer
Why did John D label Mary Harris "the most dangerous women in America"?
Frick purpose to cut wages by 20 percent, then locked employees out of the plant and wanted replacement workers to come in
Why did the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers refuse to allow Pinkertons and strikebreakers to approach the steel mill?
