2. EARLY RIVER VALLEY CIVILIZATIONS

Match the civilization with its famous architecture.

1. Egypt: Pyramids 2. Mesopotamia; Ziggurats 3. Indus Valley; Water tank and citadels

Put the progress of early humans in the correct order of occurrence.

1. first; discovered fertile valleys 2. second; settled down and developed agrarian societies 3. third; domesticated animals 4. fourth; developed agriculture 5. fifth; formed communities and civilizations

The modern state is normally held to be _____ development.

A recent

The Code of Hammurabi consisted of _____.

A set of laws

Trade brought people together with the exchange of goods, raw materials, and ideas. This was possible due to:

Advancements in communication

Crete was the crossroads that linked what three cultures?

Africa, Asia, Europe

The economy of early civilizations was based around _____.

Agriculture

The economy of these early civilizations was based on _____.

Agriculture

The main economic activity of Egyptian, Harappan, and Sumerian civilizations was _____.

Agriculture

Shang Dynasty craftsmen were known for their _____.

All of the above

The majority of Shang Dynasty writing was done on _____.

Bamboo

Monotheistic means _____.

Belief in one god

It is believed rice originated in the regions of _____.

China

Some scholars believe that before they can have true civilization, societies must develop _____.

Cities

One example of a moral code would be _____.

Code of Hammurabi

An advanced society is marked by _____.

Commerce and Trade

The Minoans inhabited the island of _____.

Crete

Three early trading cultures along the Mediterranean Sea were _____.

Crete, Byblos, Ugarit

What was needed as a surplus to help create trade between cultures?

Crops

What was the punishment for the majority of the first 26 laws?

Death

This civilization invented a form of writing called hieroglyphics.

Egypt

What nation was called "the gift of the Nile"?

Egypt

Early civilizations developed along major rivers about 11,000 years ago. Which of the following was included as a consequence of early civilizations? Select all correct responses.

Governments and religion Mathematics and astronomy

Choose the polytheistic civilizations: (Select all that apply)

Greeks Romans Egyptians Indians

Which civilization's writing has never been decoded?

Harappan

Why was the development of mathematics important in Egyptian society?

It helped regulate commerce and trade. Taxes could be more accurately assessed. Better buildings could be built.

How is the humble plow, one of the most important inventions in history, is important to farmers? Select all correct responses.

It turns the top soil and any remaing crop over, producing fertilizer. It breaks up the soil for easier planting. By turning over the soil, weeds are reduced.

What were the names of the two groups the Egyptians traded with in Africa?

Kushites and Nubians

The interdependence of an advanced society demands the division or specialization of _____.

Labor

Select two items that a civilization must have before cities can exist.

Large population of farmers Enough food

Early seafaring trade centered on the _____.

Mediterranean Sea

The Epic of Gilgamesh was the product of the _____ civilization.

Mesopatamian

Sumer was located in a region called _____.

Mesopotamia

This region is thought to be the birthplace of the plow, around 3000 B.C.

Mesopotamia

The island of Crete was inhabited by the _____.

Minoans

Ancient Egypt was concentrated along the _____.

Nile River

Early traders navigated the seas with the help of the _____.

North Star

The Indus Valley is situated between what two nations?

Pakistan and India

Who owned everything in Egypt?

Pharaoh

A kind of writing that used pictures of objects is called _____.

Pictographs

The invention that made food production more efficient was the _____.

Plow

Choose the best historical explanation of oracle bones.

Royal use of questioning the future on a bone that later provided evidence of writing of the Shang Dynasty.

Which was NOT a member of early Chinese social classes?

Scribes

The Indus Valley civilization did much of its writing on _____.

Seals

The Chinese dynasty that followed the Xia was called _____.

Shang

The Indus Valley civilization was known for its _____.

Streets in a grid of rectangles (Partial)

Cuneiform was a writing system developed by the _____.

Sumerians

The tools and processes to make things and to satisfy human needs is the definition of _____.

Technology

Select four elements of civilization.

Technology Division of labor Commerce and trade (Missing one)

Once there was a food surplus, complexity within early river civilizations increased, as did __________, according to the archaeological record.

Trade and commerce

_____ offered strong evidence of the existance of the Xia Dynasty.

Uncovering artifacts of an advanced society

Rice is the world's third-largest crop behind _____.

Wheat and Corn

Cuneiform is a type of _____.

Writing

The most important contribution of the Shang Dynasty was _____.

Writing

The most significant contribution of the Shang Dynasty was _____.

Writing

The mythical culture that turned out to be real was called the _____.

Xia

Which river system is NOT a location of the first civilizations?

Yangtze

Both the Shang Dynasty and the Xia Dynasty were located along which river?

Yellow River

The Mesopotamia region was famous for what architecture?

Ziggurats

What type of civilization was Babylon, according to the following law from the Code of Hammurabi? 38. A chieftain, man, or one subject to quit-rent cannot assign his tenure of field, house, and garden to his wife or daughter, nor can he assign it for a debt.

agrarian

The Minoan civilization is known for _____.

architecture silk agriculture (Partial)

What new social classes emerged due to advancements in agriculture?

artisans, laborers, and merchants

Which of the following were advanced by trade in the second millennium? Select all that apply.

civilizations cultural exchanges mercantilism language development

Trade and commerce between civilizations helped to _____.

exchange new ideas spread languages share new inventions

What are some inventions or ideas that helped to advance trade?

flat-bottomed boats carts driven by animals seagoing vessels

Three benefits of the plow are _____.

greater possible yields the use of residue of the remaining crops as fertilizer a reduced amount of weeds

Trade was foundational to the growth of cities because it ______.

guaranteed an exchange of goods and ideas

Which of the following did the Code of Hammurabi regulate?

marriage slavery farming slander

Isolated, self-sufficient economic units mark a more _____ economy.

primitive

What was an essential key factor in the development of civilization during this period?

reliable trade networks

What pattern was set for future Chinese dynasties?

son or closest relative rules after the king dies

List the social classes of the Shang Dynasty in order.

top level: Nobles second level: Priests third level: Craftsmans bottom level: Peasants/ slaves

This ancient book tells the story of a mythical king and a worldwide flood.

The Epic of Gilgamesh