2 Introduction to Mosque Architecture
What usually appears above the qibla wall?
A large calligraphic frieze or a cartouche. Often a phrase taken from the Qur'an. Including the date of the building's dedication and name of the patron.
What is the mosque? What does Masjid mean? (Masjid in Arabic)
A mosque is a Muslim gathering place for prayers. Masjid means "place of prostration".
What can one find with in a Sahn?
A water fountain. It us used as a welcome respite in hot lands and for ritual cleansing (Wudhu) done before prayers.
What do domes use to symbolize the representation of the vault of heaven?
Intricate geometric, stellate or vegetal motifs. Some mosques only have one dome which is usually above the qibla wall.
Why is patronage of mosques such a pious act?
It is a giving act. Building a mosque for Allah, not matter how big or small is a very Islamic action. It is also an opportunity for self-promotion.
Why is Mecca so important?
It is where the Prophet was born, and home of the most important Islamic site, the Kaaba.
What is the main purpose for the Minaret?
It serves as powerful visual as a reminder of the presence of Islam.
What are the features of a hypostyle mosque?
It was inspired by Muhammad SAWS home. A large courtyard surround by long rooms supported by columns.
How are mosques usually financially supported? Which pillar of Islam does this connect to?
Mosques are usually supported by charitable institutions. The giving of charitable institutions is important in the Islamic culture. The third pillar calls for Muslims to donate a portion of their income to the poor.
What can a Mosque be used for other than praying?
Study or as a place for rest and reflection.
What is a fundamental necessity for congregational mosques?
That are big enough to hold the entire male population. Most mosques have a large prayer hall joined by a Sahn (courtyard).
What is the qibla and qibla wall?
The direction of Mecca is the qibla. The Mihrab is known as the Qibla wall.
What does the Qubba represent on the mosque? Is it a ritual requirement?
It symbolizes a reprsentation of the vault of heaven. It is not a requirement.
What furnishings are aspects of mosque architecture?
Lights, carpets, columns.
What is the main mosque used to Friday prayers called?
The "Jami" Masjid or congregational mosque.
What is the tower adjacent used to call to prayer called?
Minaret (tower)
What were mosques illuminated with before electricity?
Oil lamps. Hundred were hung up creating a glittering spectacle.
What is the dome called?
Qubba
Which prayer are men required to gather for?
The Friday noon prayer
What helps to determine the direction of Mecca?
The Mihrab helps to detemrine the direction of the Mecca. It is indicated using a niche in the wall.
Which is the first mosque? Where is it located?
The home of Prophet Muhammad SAWS located in Medina, SA
Which wall would be the most decorated?
The qibla wall.
What can help determine the period and region of a mosque?
The style, layout and decoration.
Why are lights an important feature in the mosque?
To illuminate the mosque. The first and prayers are usually before the sun rises and after the sun sets.