2.1-2.5

Mary Parker Follett felt that managers should act as ______ rather than dictators.

facilitators

Issues with the classical viewpoint include that it: (select all that apply)

fails to account for the importance of human needs is overly mechanistic views humans as cogs in a machine

In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should

hold meetings between managers and workers to solve problems in a mutually beneficial way.

Maslow and McGregor focused on the study of ______ as it relates to increasing worker productivity.

human relations

Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____.

individual workers

A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.

interrelated

Complexity theory:

is the study of how order and pattern arise from complicated, chaotic systems recognizes that all complex systems are networks of many interdependent parts that interact according to certain simple rules is used in strategic management and organizational studies seeks to understand how organizations adapt to their environments

The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____.

labor shortages

Theory X managers view workers as

lacking ambition

The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to _____.

manage work more efficiently

Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______.

management

Operations management focuses on _____.

managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively

One issue with the classical viewpoint is that it tends to view humans as cogs in a machine, thereby rendering it overly _____.

mechanistic

Charles Clinton Spaulding, one of the pioneering theorists of administrative management, proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields.

necessities

One of the reasons why Danny wants to go cashless at his restaurants is because of efficiency. Which of the following focuses on efficient delivery of products or services? A.bureaucracy B.human relations C.operations management D.systems viewpoint E.behavioral science

operations management

In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _____.

outputs

By adopting the systems viewpoint, you can visualize your organization as a: (select all that apply)

part of the larger environment. collection of subsystems.

The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories.

psychology

The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management.

quantitative

Theory Y managers view workers as: (select all that apply)

self-directed imaginative and creative accepting of responsibility

Mary Parker Follett's ideas anticipated which modern management concepts?

self-managed teams interdepartmental teams worker empowerment

An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____.

synergey

Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to _____ management behavior.

systematize

Frederick Taylor created the scientific management system after studying _____.

the physical motions workers used while doing a task

Administrative management is concerned with managing ________.

the total organization

Which of these statements represent ideas that Peter Drucker introduced in his book The Practice of Management? (Select all that apply.)

A corporation can be thought of as a human community. Without customers, businesses wouldn't exist. Workers should be treated as assets.

Which of the following is not a reason Best Buy has had a hard time competing with Amazon?

Best Buy decided to bring in Hubert Joly as CEO to replace Brian Dunn.

Which of these are Taylor's principles of scientific management? (Select all that apply.)

Carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task. Use scientific principles to plan the work methods and ease the way for their workers to do their jobs. Evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of it. Give workers the training and incentives to do the task with the proper work methods.

Best Buy uses sales-performance data to develop methods for improving in-store employee performance. This is an example of following the _______________ viewpoint of management.

Contingency

According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?

Equipment Money People

What are the types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint? (Check all that apply.)

Finished products Employee satisfaction

What is a critique of the Hawthorn Studies?

Hawthorn studies were criticized on the basis that it was poorly designed.

Select the two overarching perspectives about management.

Historical Contemporary

Who is known as the "father of industrial psychology" because of his revolutionary ideas on studying human behavior in workplaces?

Hugo Munsterberg

CEO Hubert Joly implemented employee empowerment at all organizational levels. He believed that this management practice enabled employees to make better and timelier decisions at the point of customer interactions. Which of the following concepts best supports Joly's decision?

Human relations movement

Select all the positive features of bureaucracy according to Max Weber.

Impersonality Formal rules and procedures Merit-based careers Specialists for complex tasks A well-defined hierarchy

Within the systems viewpoint, what four things are considered parts of a system?

Inputs Outputs Transformational processes Feedback

Which statement regarding a closed system is accurate?

It has little interaction with its environment.

Maslow's hierarchy of human needs proposes that people are motivated by which of the following needs? (Select all that apply.)

Love Safety Physiological Esteem Self-actualization

What are the two branches of quantitative management?

Management science Operations management

Which two management perspectives typically consider an organization to be a closed system? Check all that apply.

Management science perspective Classical management viewpoint

Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement.

McGregor Maslow

As part of the "Renew Blue" strategy, Best Buy increased its investment in stores and redesigned them to be roomier, airier and staffed with well-trained employees. This is an example of sound ______________ practices.

Operations Management

Which of the four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management? (Choose all that apply.)

Sociology Economics Anthropology Psychology

The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit.

Spaulding

Which three individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory? (Select 3 options.)

Spaulding Fayol Weber

The Hawthorn Studies discovered that

The Hawthorn studies found that the output was improved more due to participation in the decision making, and social relationship among employees incursion to the improvement of in working conditions. Employee productivity could be enhanced through a positive relationship with management.

Which of the following was examined in the Relay Assembly Room Study?

The Relay Assembly Room Study was performed to examine the effect of variation in the workplace.

Which of the following was part of the Hawthorne Studies?

The illumination experiment was part of the Hawthorn experiment. These experiments were performed to find out the impact of various degrees of lighting or illumination on labor productivity.

Danny mentions that he is only in business if his employees are happy to come to work. Based on McGregor's work, Danny would have a ________ view of his employees. A.contingent B.Theory Y C.quantitative D.Theory X E.pessimistic

Theory Y

As part of the "Renew Blue" strategy, Best Buy committed to increasing its ability to ship products directly from stores to its online customers. Based on Figure 2.4, this reflects which part of a system?

Transformational processes

What are the two branches of the classical viewpoint of management?

administrative scientific

Management science is important because it

advocates the use of rational, science-based techniques and mathematical models to improve decision making and strategic planning.

McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y based on the realization that managers should _____.

be aware of their attitudes toward employees

The ___ viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement.

behavioral

According to the Hawthorne effect hypothesized by Mayo and colleagues, employees worked harder if they:

believed supervisors paid special attention to them received added attention thought managers cared about their welfare

Max Weber said that a better-performing organization should have five positive _____ features including a clear hierarchy, formal procedures, clear division of labor, impersonality, and merit-based careers.

bureaucratic

What are the three viewpoints of the contemporary perspective of management?

contingency systems quality-management

According to Henri Fayol, the major functions of management are:

controlling. organizing. planning. leading.

Frederick Taylor believed that more efficient workers should be paid higher wages than their lower-performing coworkers, a system referred to as the _______ system.

differential rate

The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the ______.

effects of lighting levels on worker productivity

According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____.

transformational processes

Based on the systems viewpoint, a restaurant's ability to accept cash, credit, or both, is associated with which part of a system? A.outputs B.transformational processes C.financial D.feedback E.inputs

transformational processes

Maslow's hierarchy of needs resulted from the study of ______.

what motivates people to perform