2150 chapters 7,8
a public address
198.133.219.2
the shortest compressed format of the IPv6 address 2001:0DB8:0000:1470:0000:0000:0000:0200 is
2001:DB8:0:1470::200
an experimental address
240.2.6.255 - The addresses in the block 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.254 are reserved as experimental addresses. Loopback addresses belong to the block 127.0.0.0/8
Which subnet mask would be used if 5 host bits are available?
255.255.255.224 -The mask of 255.255.255.128 results in 7 host bits. The mask of 255.255.255.224 has 5 host bits.
The 8-digit binary value of the last octet of the IPv4 address 172.17.10.7 is
7 = 00000111
Refer to the exhibit. Given the network address of 192.168.5.0 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.224 for all subnets, how many total host addresses are unused in the assigned subnets?
72 The network IP address 192.168.5.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.224 provides 30 usable IP addresses for each subnet. Subnet A needs 30 host addresses. There are no addresses wasted. Subnet B uses 2 of the 30 available IP addresses, because it is a serial link. Consequently, it wastes 28 addresses. Likewise, subnet C wastes 28 addresses. Subnet D needs 14 addresses, so it wastes 16 addresses. The total wasted addresses are 0+28+28+16=72 addresses.
What is the interface ID of the IPv6 address 2001:DB8::1000:A9CD:47FF:FE57:FE94/64?
A9CD:47FF:FE57:FE94 - The interface ID of an IPv6 address is the rightmost 64 bits, or last four hextets, of the address if no interface ID bits have been used for subnets.
Consider the following range of addresses: 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A0:0000:: 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A1:0000:: 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A2:0000:: ... 2001:0DB8:BC15:00AF:0000:: The prefix-length for the range of addresses is
All the addresses have the part 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A in common. Each number or letter in the address represents 4 bits, so the prefix-length is /60.
a dotted-decimal number that represents all hosts in an IP network
Broadcast address
2001:DB8::BAF:3F57:FE94
Global Unicast
What field content is used by ICMPv6 to determine that a packet has expired?
Hop limit field -ICMPv6 sends a Time Exceeded message if the router cannot forward an IPv6 packet because the packet expired. The router uses a hop limit field to determine if the packet has expired, and does not have a TTL field.
any IP address in an IP network that can be assigned to an interface
Host address
ip addresses
Link-Local addresses are assigned automatically by the OS environment and are located in the block 169.254.0.0/16. The private addresses ranges are 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16. TEST-NET addresses belong to the range 192.0.2.0/24. The addresses in the block 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.254 are reserved as experimental addresses. Loopback addresses belong to the block 127.0.0.0/8.
224.0.0.5/16
Multicast address
which two parts are components of an ipv4 address?
Network portion, host portion
192.168.255.253/24 10.100.11.103/16 172.30.1.100/28 128.107.10.1/16
Private addresses
209.165.201.30/27 172.20.18.150/22 64.104.0.11/16
Public addresses
he last host address on the 10.15.25.0/24 network is
10.15.25.254 , -The host portion of the last host address will contain all 1 bits with a 0 bit for the lowest order or rightmost bit. This address is always one less than the broadcast address. The range of addresses for the network 10.15.25.0/24 is 10.15.25.0 (network address) through 10.15.25.255 (broadcast address). So the last host address for this network is 10.15.25.254.
How many host addresses are available on the network 172.16.128.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0?
1022* -A mask of 255.255.252.0 is equal to a prefix of /22. A /22 prefix provides 22 bits for the network portion and leaves 10 bits for the host portion. The 10 bits in the host portion will provide 1022 usable IP addresses (2^10 - 2 = 1022).
a loopback address
127.0.0.1 - Loopback addresses belong to the block 127.0.0.0/8
if a network device has a mask of /28 , how many ip addresses are available for hosts on this network?
14 available (16 hosts) -A /28 mask is the same as 255.255.255.240. This leaves 4 host bits. With 4 host bits, 16 IP addresses are possible, but one address represents the subnet number and one address represents the broadcast address. 14 addresses can then be used to assign to network devices.
a link-local address
169.254.1.5 Link-Local addresses are assigned automatically by the OS and are located in the block 169.254.0.0/16.
FF02::1
all node multicast
192.168.33.63 255.255.255.192
broadcast
specific ranges of IP addresses that make up classes of addresses in which the number of available network and host addresses are defined
classful addressing
IP addressing standards created in 1993 that allow address allocation based on prefix length rather than predefined class ranges
classless addressing
A message is sent to all hosts on a remote network. Which type of message is it?
directed broadcast
Which two IPv4 to IPv6 transition techniques manage the interconnection of IPv6 domains? (Choose two.)
dual stacking and tunneling
This network portion of the address is assigned by the provider.
global routing prefix
10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
host address
This part of the address is the equivalent to the host portion of an IPv4 address.
interface id
::1
loopback
127.1.0.10/24
loopback address
an IP address representing a selected group of hosts
multicast address
172.16.128.48 255.255.255.240
network address
A network administrator needs to monitor network traffic to and from servers in a data center. Which features of an IP addressing scheme should be applied to these devices?
predictable static IP addresses for easier identification* -
What is the purpose of ICMP messages?
to provide feedback of ip packet transmissions
A user is executing a tracert to a remote device. At what point would a router, which is in the path to the destination device, stop forwarding the packet?
when the value in the TTL field reaches zero -When a router receives a traceroute packet, the value in the TTL field is decremented by 1. When the value in the field reaches zero, the receiving router will not forward the packet, and will send an ICMP Time Exceeded message back to the source.
What is the prefix length notation for the subnet mask 255.255.255.224?
/27 -The binary format for 255.255.255.224 is 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000. The prefix length is the number of consecutive 1s in the subnet mask. Therefore, the prefix length is /27.
Consider the following range of addresses: 2001:0DB8:BC15:0600:: to 2001:0DB8:BC15:0FFF:: The prefix length for the range of addresses is?
/52 All the addresses have the part 2001:0DB8:BC15:0 in common. Each number or letter in the address represents 4 bits, so the prefix is /52.
Consider the following range of addresses: 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A0:0000:: 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A1:0000:: 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A2:0000:: ... 2001:0DB8:BC15:00AF:0000:: The prefix-length for the range of addresses is?
/60 -All the addresses have the part 2001:0DB8:BC15:00A in common. Each number or letter in the address represents 4 bits, so the prefix-length is /60.
Which three IP addresses are private ?
10.1.1.1 172.16.4.4 * 192.168.5.5* The private IP addresses are within these three ranges: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
The network portion of the address 172.16.30.5/16 is
172.16 A prefix of /16 means that 16 bits are used for the network part of the address. The network portion of the address is therefore 172.16.
A company has a network address of 192.168.1.64 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192. The company wants to create two subnetworks that would contain 10 hosts and 18 hosts respectively. Which two networks would achieve that? (Choose two.)
192.168.1.64/27* 192.168.1.96/28* -Subnet 192.168.1.64 /27 has 5 bits that are allocated for host addresses and therefore will be able to support 32 addresses, but only 30 valid host IP addresses. Subnet 192.168.1.96/28 has 4 bits for host addresses and will be able to support 16 addresses, but only 14 valid host IP addresses
What is the prefix for the host address 2001:DB8:BC15:A:12AB::1/64?
2001:DB8:BC15:A* -The network portion, or prefix, of an IPv6 address is identified through the prefix length. A /64 prefix length indicates that the first 64 bits of the IPv6 address is the network portion. Hence the prefix is 2001:DB8:BC15:A.
A DHCP server is used to assign IP addresses dynamically to the hosts on a network. The address pool is configured with 192.168.10.0/24. There are 3 printers on this network that need to use reserved static IP addresses from the pool. How many IP addresses in the pool are left to be assigned to other hosts?
251* -If the block of addresses allocated to the pool is 192.168.10.0/24, there are 254 IP addresses to be assigned to hosts on the network. As there are 3 printers which need to have their addresses assigned statically, then there are 251 IP addresses left for assignment.
IP phones - 22 addresses PCs - 20 addresses needed Printers - 2 addresses needed Scanners - 2 addresses needed The network administrator has deemed that 192.168.10.0/24 is to be the network used at this site. Which single subnet mask would make the most efficient use of the available addresses to use for the four subnetworks?
255.255.255.224* -If the same mask is to be used, then the network with the most hosts must be examined for the number of hosts, which in this case is 22 hosts. Thus, 5 host bits are needed. The /27 or 255.255.255.224 subnet mask would be appropriate to use for these networks.
how many bits are in an ipv4 address?
32 bits
A network administrator is variably subnetting a network. The smallest subnet has a mask of 255.255.255.248. How many usable host addresses will this subnet provide?
6* -The mask 255.255.255.248 is equivalent to the /29 prefix. This leaves 3 bits for hosts, providing a total of 6 usable IP addresses (23 = 8 - 2 = 6).
What are three parts of an IPv6 global unicast address?
A global routing prefix that is used to identify the network portion of the address that has been provided by an ISP , A subnet ID that is used to identify networks inside of the local enterprise site* , an interface ID that is used to identify the local host on the network
What are three characteristics of multicast transmission?
A single packet can be sent to a group of hosts. * Multicast transmission can be used by routers to exchange routing information. * The range of 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 is reserved to reach multicast groups on a local network.*
Which protocol supports Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) for dynamic assignment of IPv6 addresses to a host?
ICMPv6 SLAAC uses ICMPv6 messages when dynamically assigning an IPv6 address to a host. DHCPv6 is an alternate method of assigning an IPv6 addresses to a host. ARPv6 does not exist. Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) provides the functionality of ARP for IPv6 networks. UDP is the transport layer protocol used by DHCPv6.
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has assigned the LAN of LBMISS an address range of 192.168.10.0. This address range has been subnetted using a /29 prefix. In order to accommodate a new building, the technician has decided to use the fifth subnet for configuring the new network (subnet zero is the first subnet). By company policies, the router interface is always assigned the first usable host address and the workgroup server is given the last usable host address. Which configuration should be entered into the properties of the workgroup server to allow connectivity to the Internet?
IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248, default gateway: 192.168.10.33
Which two reasons generally make DHCP the preferred method of assigning IP addresses to hosts on large networks? (Choose two.)
It eliminates most address configuration errors.* It reduces the burden on network support staff.*
In which alternative to DHCPv6 does a router dynamically provide IPv6 configuration information to hosts?
SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration) -In this approach, a router provides global routing prefix, prefix length, default gateway, and DNS server information to a host. The host is not provided with a global unicast address by SLAAC. Instead, SLAAC suggests that the host create its own global unicast address based on the supplied global routing prefix. ARP is not used in IPv6.
which two things can be determined by using the ping command?
The average time it takes a packet to reach the destination and for the response to return to the source* the destination device is reachable through the network*
What is a result of connecting two or more switches together?
The size of the broadcast domain is increased. -When two or more switches are connected together, the size of the broadcast domain is increased and so is the number of collision domains. The number of broadcast domains is increased only when routers are added.
an IP address that is required for every IPv6-enabled network interface and that allows a device to communicate with other IPv6-enabled devices on the same link
all ipv6 enabled devices on the link-local /network, This address is one of the assigned IPv6 multicast addresses. Packets addressed to FF02::1 are for all IPv6 enabled devices on the link or network. FF02::2 is for all IPv6 routers that exist on the network.
What does the IP address 172.17.4.250/24 represent?
host address -The /24 shows that the network address is 172.17.4.0. The broadcast address for this network would be 172.17.4.255. Useable host addresses for this network are 172.17.4.1 through 172.17.4.254.
what are two reasons a network administrator might want to create subnets?
improves network performance* easier to implement security policies*
What is indicated by a successful ping to the ::1 IPv6 address?
ip is properly installed on the host The IPv6 address ::1 is the loopback address. A successful ping to this address means that the TCP/IP stack is correctly installed. It does not mean that any addresses are correctly configured.
What type of address is automatically assigned to an interface when IPv6 is enabled on that interface?
link-local
Which type of IPv6 address is not routable and used only for communication on a single subnet?
link-local address -Link-local addresses have relevance only on the local link. Routers will not forward packets that include a link-local address as either the source or destination address.
What are two types of IPv6 unicast addresses?
loopback and link local -Multicast, anycast, and unicast are types of IPv6 addresses. There is no broadcast address in IPv6. Loopback and link-local are specific types of unicast addresses.
224.10.1.11 255.255.255.0
multicast adress
FF02::1:FFAE:F85F
solicited node multicast
An administrator wants to configure hosts to automatically assign IPv6 addresses to themselves by the use of Router Advertisement messages, but also to obtain the DNS server address from a DHCPv6 server. Which address assignment method should be configured?
stateless DHCPv6 -Stateless DHCPv6 allows clients to use ICMPv6 Router Advertisement (RA) messages to automatically assign IPv6 addresses to themselves, but then allows these clients to contact a DHCPv6 server to obtain additional information such as the domain name and address of DNS servers.
What is the result of connecting two or more switches together?
the size of the broadcast domain is increased.
How many bits must be borrowed from the host portion of an address to accommodate a router with five connected networks?
three -A mask of 255.255.252.0 is equal to a prefix of /22. A /22 prefix provides 22 bits for the network portion and leaves 10 bits for the host portion. The 10 bits in the host portion will provide 1022 usable IP addresses (2^10 - 2 = 1022).
Which network migration technique encapsulates IPv6 packets inside IPv4 packets to carry them over IPv4 network infrastructures?
tunneling (The tunneling migration technique encapsulates an IPv6 packet inside an IPv4 packet. Encapsulation assembles a message and adds information to each layer in order to transmit the data over the network. Translation is a migration technique that allows IPv6-enabled devices to communicate with IPv4-enabled devices using a translation technique similar to NAT for IPv4. The dual-stack migration technique allows IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks to coexist on the same network simultaneously.)
the IP address of a single host on a network
unicast address
Which two types of devices are typically assigned static IP addresses? (Choose two.)
web servers and printers -Servers and peripherals are often accessed by an IP address, so these devices need predictable IP addresses. End-user devices often have dynamic addresses that are assigned. Hubs do not require IPv4 addresses to operate as intermediary devices.
